Ukuqhubela phambili kwintliziyo yokuvuselela intliziyo kwiminyaka edlulileyo kwenze ukuba ezi zixhobo zikhuselekile, kwaye zisebenze kwaye zithembeke. Abantu abanokukhupha i-pacemakers ngokuqhelekileyo banokukhokelela ubomi obungapheliyo. Ukuba une-pacemaker okanye uxelelwe ukuba uyayifuna, le nqaku kufuneka ikuncede ukuba uyayiqonda into eyenziwa yi-pacemaker, kwaye ungayilindela ntoni kuyo.
Yintoni i-Pacemaker?
I-pacemaker yinkqutyana encinci kodwa eyinkqinksi ekhompyutheni eyenziwe phantsi kwesikhumba ukunceda ukulawula intliziyo.
Ngokukodwa, i-pacemakers ixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphatha i- arrhythmias yeenhliziyo ezininzi ezivelisa i- bradycardia- intliziyo ephosakeleyo. Iimvo zentliziyo eyenza i-bradycardia igula isifo se-sinus kunye ne- heart block . I-Pacemakers ivame ukuphelisa iimpawu ezibangelwa yi-bradycardia kuquka ubuthathaka , ukukhathala, ukukhanya okulula , ukuxakeka , okanye i- syncope (ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo).
Kwamanye abantu abanesifo senhliziyo , uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-pacemaker lunokunceda ukulungelelaniswa kwamagumbi e-cardia-i-atria kunye nama-ventricles. Ezi zixhobo ezikhethileyo-ezibizwa ngokuba zixhobo zonyango lwe-carnac (CRT) -zixhobo ezinokuthi zithuthukise kakhulu umsebenzi wenhliziyo kunye neempawu kubantu abaninzi abanesifo senhliziyo.
AbaSebenzi beChipemaker benzini?
Ngokuchasene noko unokukuvayo, abavusi bemilenze abawuthathi umsebenzi wentliziyo. Emva kokuba une-pacemaker, intliziyo yakho isenza yonke imisebenzi yayo.
Kunoko, i-pacemaker ikunceda nje ukulawula ixesha kunye nokulandelelana kwentliziyo yakho.
I-Pacemakers iqukethe iindawo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: i-generator kunye nezikhokelo.
Ijenereyitha yinkomfa encinci (kunye nebhetri kunye nezinye izixhobo zecomputer), zihlala kwisitenki esibizwa nge-titanium.
Uninzi lwama-generator ye-pacemaker aluninzi ubukhulu beqonga le-50-cent kwaye malunga namaxesha amathathu anzima.
Ukhokelo luyi-wire flexible, wire insulated that carrys signals back and forth between generator pacemaker and heart. Isiphelo esisodwa sokukhokela siqhotyoshelweyo kwi-generator, kwaye esinye isiphelo sifakwa kwi-vein entliziyweni. Abaninzi abakwi-pacemaker namhlanje basebenzisa ezimbini zikhokelo; enye ifakwe kwi-atrium efanelekileyo kunye nelinye kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo.
Abapakethe bafakelwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Ijeneretha ifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba, ngaphantsi kwe-collarbone. Izikhokelo zifakwe kwi-vein esondeleyo kwaye ziqhubele phambili kwindawo efanelekileyo entliziyweni, kwaye iziphelo zazo zixhunyiwe kwi-generator. Inkqubo yokumisela ihlala ithatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiyure.
Emva kokufakwa, i-pacemaker isebenza ngokubeka esweni umsebenzi wombane, kwaye sinquma ukuba kwaye nini "ukuhamba." Ukuba izinga lakho lentliziyo liba liphuphe kakhulu, ifowuni iyahamba ngokuthumela uphawu olutshwala lombane kwisisu senhliziyo, okubangela ukuba ivumelwano.
I-Pacing inokwenziwa kwi-atrium efanelekileyo, i-ventricle efanelekileyo, okanye zombini. I-pacemaker ikhetha isigxina sokubetha isantya ingaba kufuneka ihambe, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, apho iindawo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zihambe ngayo.
Le "ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza" iqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso lentliziyo elifanelekileyo lihlala ligcinwa ngenxa yeemfuno zomzimba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuba umsebenzi wegumbi le-cardiac uhlala ulungelelaniswa.
Abapaki be-Pacemaker "bayayilungiselela," oko kuthetha ukuba imisebenzi ethile eyenziwayo ingatshintshwa nanini na. Ukucwangcisa i-pacemaker kwenziwa nge-wireless ukuthumela imiyalelo emitsha kwi-generator, usebenzisa i-device ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba ngumprogram. Ngokomzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokurhoxisa ngokulula i-pacemaker yakho ukutshintsha amaxabiso apho kuya kuhamba khona intliziyo yakho.
I-Rate-Responsive Pacemakers
Kwiintsuku zokuqala zokuhamba, abavusi be-pacemaker babekwazi ukuhamba ngezinga elilodwa lentliziyo.
Nanini na xa isigulane senhliziyo esingaphantsi kwangaphakathi sitsho ngaphantsi kwelo nqanaba lokumisela ngaphambili (lithetha, iinqwelo ezingama-70 ngomzuzu), i-pacemaker iya kuqala ukuhamba ngezinga elimisiweyo.
Kodwa namhlanje, phantse bonke abenzi be-pacemaker banako ukuhluka kwezinga apho bahamba khona, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezikhawulezayo. Ezi zikhumbuza zibizwa ngokuba ngabavusi be-pacemakers.
Abagxeki be-pacemakers abaziphendulelayo bangasebenzisa enye yobuchwepheshe obuninzi ukuze banqume izinga eliphezulu lentliziyo, kodwa ezimbini, ngokukodwa, zibonakalise zi luncedo. Enye yale mi sebenzi yenziwayo, ebonisa ukunyakaza komzimba. Xa usebenza ngokukhawuleza, i-pacemaker iya kuhambela intliziyo yakho (ngaphakathi kwimivuzo yeentliziyo ezibekwe ngugqirha wakho). Enye indlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukutshintsha isantya sokuhamba ngumoya ophefumulayo, olinganisa izinga lokuphefumla. Ukukhawuleza ukuphefumla, usebenza ngokuthe xaxa (mhlawumbi), kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba kwexesha kuya kuba (kwakhona, ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lokuqala). Enoba kwezobuchwepheshe buvumela abanikezeli be-pacemaker ukuba bafanise ukutshintshwa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lentliziyo eliza kubonelelwa ngesigqi senhliziyo esivamile.
Ngamaxesha amaninzi kufuneka i-Pacemaker yakho ihambe ngeyona ntliziyo yakho?
Kwininzi yabantu abaneemilenze, intliziyo yesimo sombane ngokwenene ivelisa ininzi yentliziyo. I-pacemaker ikhona kakhulu "njenge-valve yokukhusela," ukukhusela iziganeko ezithile zebradycardia ezingafanelekanga.
Kwamanye abantu i-pacemaker isebenza ngokukodwa kwindlela yokuphendula isantya, ukuvumela ukuba izinga lentliziyo linyuswe ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokuzivocavoca. Ngexa baphumla, i-pacemaker ayisoloko ihamba. I-pacing response-response iyakwenza ukuba basebenze ngakumbi benokukhathala kancinci.
Sekunjalo, abanye abantu baneendlela ezibi kakhulu ze-bradycardia kwaye banokufuna ukuhamba ngexesha lonke ixesha. Aba bantu bahlala bekhawuleza bahlakulele iimpawu ezinzima ukuba i-pacemaker yabo ifune ukuyeka ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngoko oogqirha babhekisela kubo ngokuthi "baxhomeke kwi-pacemaker."
Ubomi Bufana Nani nePapemaker?
Abapaki be-Pacemakers kufuneka bawuthintele okanye baphelise iingxaki, bengabenzi. Kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo, yilokho abakwenzayo.
Nangona ulandela amanyathelo ambalwa okulula, uze ulandele imiyalelo yesigqirha sakho sokuba i-device yakho ihlolwe rhoqo, unokucwangcisa ekukholeni ubomi obunokukhululeka kwezithintelo ezibangelwa yi-pacemaker ngokwayo. Uya kufuneka ukuba i-pacemaker yakho ihlolwe rhoqo, kwaye xa ibhetri iqalisa ukuhla (ngokuqhelekileyo emva kweminyaka engama-7-10) i-generemaker ye-pacemaker iyakufuneka ithathe indawo. (Ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo elula yokuphulukana nesifo sengqondo.) Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu banokulibala ngokupheleleyo ukuba bane-pacemaker kuzo zonke izihlandlo. Nantsi ingxoxo epheleleyo malunga nokuphila nge-pacemaker.
> Imithombo:
> Brignole M, Auricchio A, Baron-Esquivias G, et al. Ngo-2013 > Izikhokelo ze-ESC kwiCardiac Pacing kunye neCarac Resynchronisation Ulwaphulo: iQela lokuSebenza kwiCardiac Pacing kunye nokuQinisekisa unyango lwe-European Society of Cardiology (ESC) >. Ukuphuhliswa ekusebenzisaneni kunye ne-European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). I-Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2281.
> Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, et al. I-ACCF / AHA / HRS > Ukuhlaziywa okugxilwe kuzo izikhokelo ze-2008 zonyango lwe-Cardiac Rhythm Ukungaqhelekanga: Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology Foundation / i-American Heart Association Task Force kwi-Practice Guidelines kunye ne-Heart Rhythm Society >. Ukuhamba ngo-2012; 126: 1784.