Ukuqonda okukhethwa kukho
Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanywa kweekliniki kubalulekile ukuba ucinga ukuthatha inxaxheba kwilingo lekliniki . Nangona sisoloko sicinga ngezilingo zonyango njengezifundo zonyango ukuvavanya amachiza amatsha, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Uthintelo lweNtsholongwane
Ucwaningo lokuthintela luvavanyo lweekliniki ezijonge izinto kunye nezinto zokuphila ezinokuphakamisa okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza, enye imeko yempilo, okanye ukunciphisa ingozi yengozi.
Imizekelo yovavanyo lokukhusela iquka ukuvavanya ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezibhande zesikhethi kwenza umehluko kwimpucuko yemoto, yintoni umphumo wokutshaya unomngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu, nokuba ingaba uncedo okanye ukutya okuthe ngqo okanye ukutya okunciphisa isifo somhlaza okanye isifo senhliziyo.
Uvavanyo lweeNtsholongwane
Ukuhlola izilingo zonyango kwenziwa ukuba kuhlolwe iindlela zokufumana umhlaza kwiminyaka engaphambili kunye nethemba lokunyanga. Imizekelo yokuvavanya izilingo yilezo ezenziweyo ukuvavanya umphumo wokujonga izilwanyana kwimpilo yengqondo yomhlaza, kunye nemiphumo yokujonga i- serum PSA kwi-survival cancer. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimvavanyo zokuhlola ziyenziwe kuthiwe nokuba uvavanyo oluthile aluhlolisanga nje umhlaza ngaphambili, kodwa luphucula ukuqhubeka. Ukubaluleka kwalo mzekelo kubonakala kuba nangona uvavanyo lokuhlola ukuhlola lunokuthi lufumane umhlaza ngaphambili kunokuba lufunyenwe ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa, oku akuqinisekisi ukuba ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kuyakuphucula ukuphila.
Ukutshekisha komdlavuza wamaphaphu kwangoko kubantu abathile-abo baye batshaya ubuncinane iminyaka engama-30 yepakethi, baphakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-55 no-80, kwaye baye bayeka kwiminyaka eyi-15 edluleyo okanye baqhubeka beshiya. Olu vavanyo lwavunyelwa kungekhona nje ngokuba lufunyenwe ukufumanisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphambi kokuba lufumaneke ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa, kodwa ukuba oku kufumaniswa kubangele ukuphucula izinga lokusindisa abantu ngokufanelekileyo.
Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane
Iimvavanyo zokuxilonga zihamba ngeendlela ezithile zokujonga izilingo ekujongeni iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufumana ukuba umntu unomdlavuza, kodwa zenziwa ukuba zifumanise iindlela ezona zikhuselekileyo, ezincinci kunye nezona ndlela zichanekileyo zokubona ukuba umhlaza ukhona kwaye isigaba nomhlaza.
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwezonyango
Iilingo zonyango zenzelwe ukuvavanya amandla okugulisa imithi, imitha, ukuhlinzwa, ithagethi ejoliswe kuyo, okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango, ukuphatha kakuhle umhlaza. Imizekelo yezilingo zonyango inokuthelekiswa kwamachiza amabini ahlukeneyo omhlaza, luhlobo luni lotyando oluthile olungabonakaliyo ngelixa lunikeza inzuzo enkulu yokuphila kumntu onomdlavuza, okanye zingaphi unyango lweemitha zonyango olwaneleyo ukunyanga umhlaza.
Ukongeza kwezi zilingo ezibandakanya unyango oluninzi, kukho izigaba ezahlukeneyo zokuhlolwa kweeklinikhi. Ngokomzekelo, izilingo zesigaba se-klinikhi 1 zifundo zokuqala zonyango ezenziwa ngabantu abambalwa kuphela ukuba babone ukuba unyango lukhuselekile, kanti uvavanyo lwesigaba 4 luyenziwa kunyango oluye lwavunywa yi-FDA kodwa lunokusebenza kwenye imeko.
Uvavanyo lweNkxaso yeZliniki zoLondolozo lweMpilo okanye iMilinganiselo yoBomi
Izifundo zophando ngononophelo zenzelwe ukuvavanya ubuchule beziyobisi, inkqubo, okanye ukungenelelo olungangonyango njengeqela lenkxaso, ukunciphisa iimpawu zomhlaza okanye iimpawu eziphathelele unyango lomhlaza.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukufunyanwa kolunye uhlobo lwesilingo kuya kudala kungabangela ukuba kubekho iziphumo ezisetyenziswa kolunye uhlobo lwesilingo. Umzekelo osandul 'ukutshatyalaliswa kwenzelwe ukujonga umphumo wokunyamekela ngokubaluleka komgangatho wobomi kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Akuzange nje kuphela isifundo sifumane ukuba ukunakekelwa okunjalo kuphuculise umgangatho wobomi, kodwa abo bantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ababenokudluliselwa kwenkathalo yokunyamekela ngokuqinisekileyo baphila ixesha elide kunabo abangazange bafumane unyameko.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute, iindidi zeeNtsholongwane zeCliniki. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials/what-re-trials/types.