Ukuba kukho imbali yokutya okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwendalo kwintsapho yakho, umntwana wakho usenobungozi bokuphuhlisa ukutya kokutya .
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, oogqirha bancomele ukulibaziseka ixesha elide ekunikezeni ukutya okuthile kwiintsana ezisengozini. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku luye lwabonisa ukuba ukulibazisa ukuqaliswa kokutya okwe-allergenic kunokwenyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kokutya okunzima.
Ngomnyaka we-2008, i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics (AAP) isitshintshe izikhokelo zayo zokuzisa isisitye kubantwana kunye nabantwana abasemngciphekweni wokutya kokutya . I-AAP ngoku ikhuthaza ukuncelisa i-breastfeeding okanye i-hypoallergenic kwifom yeenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zokuqala, okokuqala isingeniso esincinci sokutya okuqinileyo, ngalunye ngexesha.
Iinyanga eziQala zokuQala
Iintsana zakho ezisanda kuzalwa zidinga kuphela ukutya okunomsoco. I-AAP icebisa ngokusondeza umntwana wakho okanye ukondla umntwana wakho we- hypoallergenic formula .
Zobabini iifomula ezisisiseko esisekelwe ngobisi kunye ne-soy ziye zaboniswa ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa ukutya kokutya kwiintsana ezisengozini. Ukuba awukwazi ukumncelisa okanye ukuba umntwana wakho uphendule kwiiprotheni zokutya ebisi lwakho lwebele, khuluma nomntwana wengane yakho malunga nomyalelo wokugonywa komzimba wengane yakho.
Akukho bubungqina bokuthi ukuphepha ukutya okuthe xa ubelelwa kukuthintela ukutya kokunciphisa ukutya okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko wengane yakho ekuphuhliseni ukutya kokutya.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiphando eziye zafumanisa ukuba iintsana ezine-atopic dermatitis zingaba neenkcukacha ezimbalwa xa oomama bephepha ukutya okufana namaqanda kunye nobisi lweenkomo.
Iinyanga ezine ukuya ezintandathu
Xa umntwana wakho ekwazi ukuhlala ethe tye ngenkxaso kwaye unomdla kwizidlo eziqinileyo abanye abadlayo, ulungele ukutya kwakhe okuqala okuqinileyo .
Ekuqaleni, yondla umntwana wakho omnye okanye ezimbini izipuni ze-cereal okanye ukutya okucocekileyo kanye okanye kabini ngosuku.
Ukuba umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni wokutya, kubalulekile ukuzisa ukutya ngexesha elinye. I-AAP icebisa ukuzisa ukutya okutsha iintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uqhubele ukutya okutsha ukwenzela ukuba unokubeka iliso nasiphi na isiphumo sokulibaziseka kokutya.
I-AAP icebisa ukuqala kokuvelisa izithelo, imifuno, kunye nokutya okusanhlamvu . Izikhokelo ze-NIAID zezonyango zokutya zonyango zibonisa ukuba akukho bungqina bonyango bokulibazisa ukuqaliswa kokutya okungapheliyo, kuquka neengxaki eziphambili ezifana namaqanda, i-peanuts okanye ingqolowa.
Kukho uphando olubonisa ukuba ukulibazisa ukufakwa kokutya okungapheliyo kwinyanga engaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu kunokunyusa ukwanda kwezinto ezinokubangela ukuba unobungozi emva kokubantwana. Xoxa nodokotela wakho wezilwanyana malunga nezicwangciso zakho zokuzisa isisulu.
Njengoko ndithe ngasentla, i-AAP icebisa ukuzisa ukutya ngexesha elinye. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantwana abancinciweyo kunye nosana olutshwayo lunamalungu amaninzi. Unokwazi ukufumana ukutya okumbalwa kokuqala okuqulethe ukutya kuphela, kodwa akukho siqinisekiso sokuthi ukutya akungazange kungcoliswe kwi-plant.
Indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuzisa ukutya okutsha kwintsana yakho kukuba wenze ukutya kwakho umntwana ukuze ulawule umveliso kwaye wazi kakuhle oko kukutya.
Iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kweNyanga
Njengokuba usana lwakho lwandisa ukutya kwakhe, kulula ukulahlekelwa umzila wokutya oye wazisa kunye nokuba kukuphi ukutya okungaba yingxaki. Gcina uluhlu olufakwe kwifriji yokutya oye wazisa kunye naziphi na iimpendulo ozibonayo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukutya kunokubangela ukugqithisa, iimpawu zokutya, okanye i-eczema, yeka ukondla ukutya okokuqala kwiiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwe-6 uze uzame ukufaka kwakhona ukutya. Indlela oye waphawula ngayo ingaba yinto engafanelekanga - umntwana wakho usenokuba neqhwala okanye wayenomdla ngexesha lowazisa ukutya okokuqala.
Xa umntwana wakho ebandakanye ukutya ekudleni kwakhe, kukhuselekile ukuxuba ukutya kunye nezinye ukutya owaziyo zikhuselekileyo. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala ukutya okuqinileyo, umntwana wakho unokutya ukutya ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
- Ubisi lwebele okanye ifom
- Inyama
- Amaqanda
- Intlanzi
- Izithelo nemifuno
- Izahlulo zokutya
- I-Tofu okanye ukutya okunye
- Ukutya okuqulethe i- peanut okanye izithako ze-nut (kodwa akukho nutshi yonke)
Eyesithoba ukuya kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini
Ingane yakho ingaqala ukutya ukutya komunwe ngeenyanga ezilisibhozo okanye ezithoba. Ezinye izinto zokuthanda ngomunwe zakuqala zinobhanana, ama-biscuits, ama-chunks ama-potato aphekiweyo kunye ne-O-shaped cereal.
Ukuba umntwana wakho akavelanga nantoni na yokutya, unokuqala ukumondla amacandelo amancinci okutya okutshatyalaliswa yintsapho. Ukuba unesitya sokutya, unokusila nje iipunipoli ezimbalwa zeentsapho zokutya. Ngaphandle koko, ungahlula ukutya umntwana wakho angakwazi ukuzenza, njengamanye ama-noodle okanye inxalenye yezambatho ezibhaka.
Kukhuselekile ukondla umntwana wakho amanani amancinci okanye i-yogurt, kodwa ungamniki ubisi lweenkomo ukusela ade emva kokuzalwa kwakhe kokuqala.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uye wavelisa ukutya kokutya, ukufumana ama-biscuits kunye nokunye okulungiselelwe ukutya okunomunwe kunokuba ngumngeni. Uya kufuneka ufunde ukufunda iilebula zokutya ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya okulungiselelwe kukhuselekileyo kwintsana yakho.
Ukutya Kufuneka Udeleleke Ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho afikelele kwiinyanga ezili-12
Ezinye ukutya kufuneka zilibaziseke de emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho wokuqala, ngenxa yezizathu zokutya okunokondla okanye zokutya. Ziquka:
- Ubisi lweenkomo : Ubisi lweenkomo luhluke ngokufanelekileyo kunobisi wobomi okanye usana lomntwana, olwenzelwe ukufana nobisi lomntu. Ukondla ubisi lwenkonyana yakho kungabangela ukungaphumeleli kokutya. Emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho wokuqala, ungamondla ubisi lweenkomo ngokupheleleyo njengenxalenye yokutya okunokulinganisela.
- Inyosi: Inyosi ingaqukatha i-botulism spores, kwaye isisu sakho sisisulu ngokwaneleyo ukutshabalalisa i-spores (abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala basesiswini ngokwaneleyo ukwenza oku).
- Amantongomane okanye amanqantyambo: Amantongomane amaninzi ayingozi yokukhupha abantwana kunye nabantwana. Ibhotela ye-Peanut ingabangela ingozi yokumangalisa abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-2. Ukuba kukho imbali yentsapho enomdla okanye i-peanut ye-peanut, ncokola nodokotela wakho wezilwanyana ngokukwenza umngeni wokutya ngomlomo kwiofisi yegqirha ngaphambi kokuzisa i-peanut okanye i-butter butter.
- Ezinye izingozi zokukhahlela , ezifana ne-popcorn, izithelo zomvini, iinqana ezitshisayo, i-cubes cubes, i-chunks yemifuno engabikhoyo okanye izithelo, okanye ukutya okunamandla okufana nebhokisi le-peanut.
Ukujongana neengcebiso eziphikisanayo
Iibhotela kunye nebhokisi ibhokotha zibeka ingozi kwiintsana, kodwa uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ukulibazisa ukuqaliswa kwezi zidlo ezingaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-peanut. Yintoni umzali ochaphazelekayo ukuba ayenze?
Ngenxa yokuba izifundo ezintsha zipapashwa rhoqo, izikhokelo zokutya zingatshintsha unyaka unyaka. Indlela efanelekileyo yokusingatha iingcebiso ezinxamnye nale nto kukuthetha nomntwana wezingane okanye umntwana wezilwanyana. Unako ukuqwalasela imbali yengonyango yengane yakho kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko ekuphuhliseni ukunyuka kokutya, kunye nezikhokelo zokusondeza kwangoku, kwaye kukunike iingcebiso ezizimeleyo malunga nokuzisa isisulu kumntwana wakho.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy yePediatrics. Ukutshintshela kwiZokudla zokuSondeza. http://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/feeding-nutrition/pages/Switching-To-Solid-Foods.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR% 3a + Akukho + ithokheni yendawo +
Greer FR, iSecherer SH, i-Burks AW; I-American Academy yeKomiti yePediatrics yeZondlo; I-American Academy ye-Pediatricians Section kwi-allergies kunye ne-Immunology. Iziphumo zokungenelela kokuqala kwondlo ekuphuhliseni isifo se-atopic kwiintsana nabantwana: indima yokunciphisa izondlo zokubeleka, ukuxelisa, ixesha lokufakelwa kokutya okudibeneyo kunye namafomula e-hydrolyzed. Pediatrics. 2008 Jan; 121 (1): 183-91.
Koplin, J, et al. Ngaba ukuqaliswa kweqanda ekuqaleni kungakhusela iqanda lokungabikho kwiintsana? Isifundo esisekelwe kubantu. I-Journal ye-allergies kunye ne-Clinic Immunology. Umqulu 126, iNdaba 4. Oktobha 2010
Iqela leNkxaso yeNIAID. Izikhokelo zoLwazi kunye noLawulo loLwaphulo lokutya eUnited States: INgxelo yePhaneli yeCenser-Sponsored Panel. I-Journal ye-allergies kunye ne-Clinic Immunology. Umqulu 126, Issue 6, Disemba 2010
Nwaru BI, et al. Ubudala ngexesha lokuqaliswa kokutya okuqinileyo kunyaka wokuqala kunye nokukhuphaza umonakalo kwiminyaka emi-5 . Iingcali ze-2010; 125: 50-9.
Poole JA, et al. > Isikhathi sokusasazwa kokuqala kwinqanaba lokutya kunye neengozi yengqolowa. Iingcali zika-2006; 117: 2175-82.
I-Thygarajan A, iBurks AW. I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics iingcebiso malunga nemiphumo yokungenelela kokuqala kwondlo ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo se-atopic. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008 Dec; 20 (6): 698-702.