Ukuphazamiseka kukulimala kwingxenye yengqondo ngenxa yokunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo. Kukho izimbangela ezininzi zesifo.
Ukubaluleka kokufumana i-Blood Supply Enough kwiBongo
Isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokubethwa kwesibalo kukukhutshwa kwegazi ngaphakathi kwinqanawa yegazi kwingqondo. Iimitha zeentsimbi ezise entanyeni kwaye kwingqondo zinika igazi kwingqondo ukuze igcine isebenza.
Eli gazi linika i-oksijeni kunye nezondlo eziyimfuneko ukuze ingqondo idale amandla okwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo kufuneka isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.
Xa ukuphuma kwegazi kuBrain kuphazamisekile
Xa igazi eligeleza ngaphakathi kwinqanawa legazi livalwe, ummandla osondeleyo wengqondo ulahlwe yomoya kwaye izondlo ezibalulekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ischemia. Umphumo wokukhawuleza kukuba ukungabi naso kwegazi kwenza kube nzima kwingingqi echaphazelekayo yengqondo ukuba isebenze. Ukuba ukungabikho kokuhamba kwegazi kukufutshane, kwaye kubuyiselwa kwakhona, isifo esibuyiselwayo, esibizwa ngokuba yi- TIA okanye i-mini-stroke iya kubakho. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kungabuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza, ukulimala kuya kuba nzima kakhulu- mhlawumbi isigxina, okubangelwa ukubetha.
Igalelo leGazi liphazamiseka njani?
Ihlwili legazi
Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi kungenzeka ngenxa yecala legazi, elibizwa ngokuba yi-thrombus okanye i-embolus. Oku kubangela ukubetha kwe - ischemic .
Thrombus
I-thrombus yi-cloth ekhethiweyo okanye epheleleyo yomthi ngenxa yecala legazi.
Embolus
I-embolus yi-clot yegazi eyenza okokuqala kwintsimbi, ize ihambe kwaye ihambe ize ifinyelele umthambo ebuchosheni, obangela ukukhutshwa kunye nokulimala kwengqondo.
Ukunyuka kwegazi
Enye imbangela yokubethwa ngumzimba kuphuma igazi kwingqondo. Xa isitya segazi siqwengqileyo, igazi liyavuza, kuphazamise isifo seengqondo ezisondeleyo.
Xa isitya segazi sihlanjululwe kwaye ukulahleka kwegazi kwenzeka, kukho ukunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo kwindawo ekujoliswe kuzo kwindawo yengqondo. Ukubetha okubangelwa ukuphuma kumanzi kwisitya esiqhekezayo okanye esiqwengqileyo segazi kuyingozi ephazamisayo .
Hypoperfusion
Ukunikezelwa kwegazi ephantsi kwingqondo yimbangela engaphantsi kwesiqhelo. Xa umthambo okanye umthamo wegazi emzimbeni uphantsi kakhulu, ingqondo ingenakufumana igazi elaneleyo. Nangona kungekho mali egazini kulo mzekelo, ubuchopho bubuhlungu ngenxa yokuba iingingqi zengqondo eziqhelekileyo zinikezwa ngamanqanaba amancinci amancinci angenakufumana igazi elaneleyo. I-stroke eyabangela ukunikezelwa kwegazi ephantsi ibizwa ngokuba yi-stroke. Ezinye iinkalo zengqondo zithinteka kakhulu kwi-stroke.
Izizathu Eziqhelekileyo ZeStroke
Izibangela zeCerebral of Stroke
* Aneurysm- oku kukukhupha komthi. I-aneurysm inokuvuza okanye iphule, ibangela ukubola.
* I-AVM / i-malformation-malteriovenous malformation-eli liqela elingalunganga leemithanjeni zegazi, ngokuqhelekileyo ziqukethe iirriyiti kunye neemvini. I-AVM ingahle iphule okanye ifake i-thrombus, ibangele i-stroke ephazamisayo.
* IVasospasm- le yinto xa i-artery igxeka ngokukhawuleza, ukuhamba kwegazi okuphazamisayo kunye nokubangela i-ischemia nangona kungabikho i-clot yegazi.
Iingxaki zeCardiac of Stroke
Iingqungquthela ezingaqhelekanga kunye neengcamango ezingavumelekanga ezinjengefayibrillation ezingapheliyo zingakhuthaza ukubunjwa kwegazi kunye nokubangela ukuba i-embolus ihambele ebuchosheni.
* Ukuhlasela kwentliziyo - kunokubangela ukuba i-waterhed infarct okanye ibangele ukuba i-embolus ihambe kwindawo yengqondo.
* I-Carotid Artery Disease - le isifo kunye nokuqhawula ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi esentanyeni esinika ingqondo. I-embrase kwi-artery carotid okanye ukucinywa kwe-artery carotid inokubangela i-stroke.
* Uxinzelelo lwe-hypertension- olubangela ukuba izifo zesifo se-cerebrovascular disease, isifo se-artery carotid kunye nesifo senhliziyo.
Ukongezelela, iziganeko ezidityanisiweyo zexinzelelo lwentliziyo zingabangela i-vasospasm okanye i-hemorrhage ye-aneurysm.
Iimpawu Zesiqhelo seSroke
* I-Hypotension-inokubangelwa ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi okanye ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kubangele i-hypoperfusion yengqondo kunye ne-stroke.
* Iyezabisi ezinokuchaphazela igazi, ukukhupha okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi kungakhokelela kwisifo.
* Iziyobisi-iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni ezifana ne-cocaine, methamphetamine, kunye nezinye izinto ezivuselela amandla zingenza i-vasospasm nayiphi na into emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo ngenxa ye-vasospasm yeerteries, okanye ukuxothwa kwegazi lokungena kwi-brain, okubangela ukubetha.
Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi- kungabangela ukwanda kwenzalo yegazi okanye ukwanda kwegazi.
* Ukusuleleka - kunokuguqula igazi legazi okanye ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, okukhokelela kwi-thrombus, i-embolus okanye i-hemorrhage. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isifo esithathelwanayo singakwazi ukuvimba umkhumbi wegazi ngokomzimba, kubangele ischemia.
* Ukuvuvukala-kunokufaka isandla ekunyuseni ukwanda kwegazi.
* I-Air embolus- ibhobho yomoya ehamba ebuchosheni ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ikhusela umkhumbi wegazi, kwaye ibangele i-stroke.
Imithombo
Weiner, uWilliam J., Goetz, uChristopher G, Neurology kwi-Non-Neurologist, iFifth Edition, uLippincott Wiliams & Winkins, ngo-2004
UMartin Samuels noDavid Feske, i-Office Practice ye-Neurology, i-2 ye-Edition, uChurchill Livingston, 2003