Izimpawu ezinjengezobuhlungu, ezinjengomkhuhlane zingaphendula kwezinye
Umkhuhlane weNtshonalanga yeNayile yintsholongwane yentsholongwane yentsholongwane engama-75 engama-75 aya kuba neenkcukacha ezingabonakaliyo. Ama-25 ekhulwini asele angakhula umkhuhlane, intloko, ukuhlanza okanye ukuhlambalaza. Nangona intsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga yeNayile ayikho nto ibangela ukugula okukhulu kubadala abadala okanye abantwana, abo baneenkqubo ezikhuselweyo zokuzivikela (njengabantu asebekhulile kunye nabantu abaphila ne-HIV) kwingozi yobunzima beengxaki ezinjenge-meningitis kunye ne-encephalitis.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
Abantu abanentsholongwane yeNtsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga baya kuvelisa iimpawu kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezi-14 zokungcola. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Intloko
- Fever
- I-acry aches (myalgia)
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo (arthralgia)
- Ukujuluka okukhulu
- I sizathu
- Ukuvutha
- Uhudo
- I-lymph glands (i- lymphadenopathy )
- I-rash ye-maculopapular (eboniswe ngamancinci amancinci)
Iimpawu zithatha ukuba zincinci kwaye zingapheli iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukungabikho kokukhawuleza, abantu baya kuthi bafumane ukuchaza intsholongwane njengento efana nomkhuhlane omnene okanye ihlobo elibi lokubanda. Ngokugqithiseleyo kungenjalo, iimpawu ziya kuzincoma zodwa ngaphandle kwonyango.
Iingxaki
Intsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga ye-Nile yintsholongwane ye-neurotropic, nto leyo echaza ukuba ikhethela inkqubo yokuphazamisa i-nervous system. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izikhuselo zomzimba ziyakwazi ukulawula kwaye ekugqibeleni zinciphise intsholongwane yazo.
Nangona kunjalo, okufanayo akunako ukubamba inyaniso kubantu abaxhomekeke kwiimpawu zokuzivikela .
Oku kufaka amaqela athile-njengabantu abadala, abathintekayo be- HIV , kunye nabangena kwi-chemotherapy yomhlaza-engozini yokwanda kweengxaki ezinobungozi kunye nobungozi.
Iindidi kunye nobunzima beempawu zixhomekeka kakhulu kwiindawo zesistim echaphazelekayo.
Ngokuqokelela, iingxaki zibizwa ngokuba yi-West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) kwaye zibandakanya i-encephalitis, i-meningitis, i-meningoencephalitis, kunye ne-poliomyelitis. Ngokubanzi, i-WNND inxulumene nengozi ye-9 yecala lokufa. Izinga likholelwa ukuba liphezulu kuma-asebekhulile.
INayile yeNayile yaseNtshonalanga
I- encephalitis yaseNtshonalanga yeNayile yimeko apho intsholongwane ibangela ukuvuvukala kwengqondo. Iyenjenjalo ngokuwela umqobo wegazi-wengqondo ojikeleze ingqondo kunye nokuhlunga ngaphandle kwee-agent eziyingozi. Intsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga yeyona ntsholongwane yintsholongwane ezithwala iinambuzane ezinokukwazi ukwenza oku.
I-encephalitis yaseNtshonalanga yeNayile yiyona nto ibonakalayo ngokubanzi kwi-WNND. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ngumkhuhlane, iintloko, intlungu yentamo okanye ukuqina, ukudideka, ukulibala, ukunyaniseka okugqithiseleyo, ukuqonda ukukhanya (photophobia), kunye nokutshintsha kobuntu okanye ukuziphatha.
Phakathi kweepesenti ezingama-30 kunye nama-50 ekhulwini abantu abane-West Nile encephalitis baya kuba nobuthakathaka obubuthakathaka bodwa (okubhekiselele kwicala elinye lomzimba). Phakathi kwezi, ezinye ziyakwazi ukuqhubela phambili kwi-paralysis ye-flaccid, uhlobo lokukhubazeka apho imisipha engakwazi ukuyivumelwano.
West Nile Meningitis
I-West Nile meningitis yimeko apho intsholongwane ibangela ukuvuvukala kwama-meninges, iimbumba ezintathu ezizungezile kwaye zidibanise ingqondo kunye nomgudu womgogodla.
Nangona i-meningitis ingabangela ezininzi iimpawu ezifanayo zomzimba we-West Nile encephalitis, ayitshintshi ukuziphatha komntu okanye ubuntu bakhe. Ukuxuba, ukuhlanza, kunye nokwesaba izandi ezivakalayo (i-phonophobia) ziqhelekile.
West Nile Meningoencephal
I-West Nile meningoencephalitis yinkxalabo echaphazela kokubili ingqondo kunye namadoda. Amadoda phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 no-89 anamaxesha angama-20 amathuba okuphuhlisa i-West Nile meningoencephalitis kunabemi bonke, ngelixa abantu abaneenkqubo ezikhuselweyo zokuzikhusela komzimba bazinyango ezingama-40.
Nangona i-meningoencephalitis isabelana ezininzi neempawu ezifanayo ze-neurologic ze-meningitis kunye ne-encephalitis, zivame ukuba zinzima kwaye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihleli.
Umngcipheko wokufa uphinde uphakame, uhamba phakathi kweepesenti ezili-12 kunye neepesenti ezili-15. Umngcipheko wokufa kubantu asebekhulile unokuphakama kwama-35 ekhulwini.
I-Nile Poliomyelitis
I-West Nile poliomyelitis, njengenye iifompoliyo, ibonakaliswa yilahleko kwaye ilahlekelwa yilahleko yokulawulwa kwemoto. Ngokungafani nezinye iingxaki ze-neurologic ze-West Nile fever, i-poliomyelitis ayinakuhamba kunye nomkhuhlane, intloko, okanye ezinye iimpawu zentsholongwane.
Le meko ibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwe-paralysis engafanelekanga kwicala lomzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwintlungu. Ukukhubazeka kudla ngokuphambi kweentlungu kwaye kunokukhawuleza ukukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezibhozo zokuqala kweempawu.
Ngokuqhelekanga, i-West Nile poliomyelitis inokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumula kwaye idinga umoya wokungenisa umoya ukuze incede umntu aphefumule. Ingabangela ukulahleka kolawulo lwe- sphincter , okubangelwa ukungabikho kwamanzi okuvuthwa .
Nangona ukukhubazeka kungakhokelela ekubandezelweni okusisigxina, amaxesha amaninzi angaphumelela kakhulu njengoko iiseliti zesistim ezichaphazelekayo zibuya ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphinde ziphinde zidibane. Abantu abanamalungu amancinci abathintekayo bavame ukubonisa ukuphucula okungcono. Xa kuthethwa oko, ininzi yokubuyiswa kwamandla kuya kwenzeka ngexesha leenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kweebhozo emva kokuqala kweempawu, ekugqibeleni zibeka ingqalelo ngokuphucula okubonakalayo.
UkuPhuhliswa kweNayile yaseNtshonalanga
I-West Nile ephosakeleyo yokukhubazeka yindlela engaphantsi, yesikhashana yokukhubazeka, kwakhona echaphazela elinye icala lomzimba. Nangona le meko ingacaciswanga kakuhle, kukholwa ukuba ibangelwa ukuvutha kwesahlulo esifanayo somgogodla (obizwa ngokuba uphondo lwangaphambili ) olubangela iphoomyelitis kunye nesifo sikaLou Gehrig .
Yintoni eyahlula i-West Nile ukukhubazeka okubuyiselwayo kwi-West Nile poliomyelitis kukuba iimpendulo ze-reflex zihlala zingasebenzi nangona ubufezeko bomzimba buba khona. Nangona ukukhubazeka kokuqala kunokuba lunzulu, kuza kugqitywa ngokungahambi kakuhle komsebenzi wemoto.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Ukuluma umlingo akuthethi ukuba uya kufumana umkhuhlane weNtshonalanga yeNayile. Uninzi lwabantu abanentsholongwane yeNtsholongwane yeNayile eNtshona Nile abayi kukwazi okanye bayiphosise ngentsholongwane. Nangona ufumanisa ukuba usulelekile, amathuba kukuba uya kuphucula ngaphandle kweengxaki okanye unyango.
Xa kuthethwa oko, ukuba usukhulile okanye u-immune-compromised, kufuneka ufune unonophelo olukhawulezileyo ukuba unamava aphezulu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuqina kwentamo, ukudideka, ukuvalelwa komzimba, okanye ukungazinzi ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zinokuba zizibonakaliso ze-encephalitis okanye i-meningitis, ezo zombini zifuna unyango lwangxamisekileyo.
Intsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga yeNayile ayisisifo esihambelana nokuhamba kwamanye amazwe. Ungayifumana eUnited States ngokulula nje nge-Afrika nakwi-Middle East. Ukufa, okuye kwenzeka kakhulu phakathi kwabalupheleyo, ngokuqhelekileyo bephantsi, ukusuka kwii-12 ezimbalwa eCanada ukuya kwi-177 e-United States.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Intsholongwane yeNew West. Atlanta, Georgia; hlaziywa ngo-Agasti 2, 2017.
> I-Gyure, i-K. West Nile IiNtsholongwane. J Neuropath Iingcali ze-Neurology. 2009; 10 (1): 1053-60. INGXELO: 10.1097 / NEN.0b013e3181b88114.
> Hughes, J .; Wilson, M .; kunye neSejvar, J. IziPhumo zexesha elide leNtsholongwane yaseNtshonalanga yeNayile. Iiklinikhi ezingenayo. 2007: 44 (12): 1617-24. INGXELO: 10.1086 / 51828.