Ngamanye amaxesha indlela yokulinda neyokubona ibhetele kakhulu ekuphatheni intsholongwane yeendlebe
Ukusuleleka kwindlebe yintsholongwane echaphazelekayo yintsholongwane ebantwaneni, kwaye esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwezilwanyana ukuba zinike i-antibiotics. Ukubone oko esiyaziyo malunga nendlela yokusetyenziswa kakubi kwee- antibiotiki kunokubangela ukuba ii-bacteria zingakwazi ukumelana nazo, nangona kunjalo, kunengqiqo ukuba oogqirha bangabi msinya ukuwabeka.
Yingakho i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics (AAP) ikhupha izikhokelo ngo-2013 ukunceda ootitshala bezilwanyana nabazali benze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo malunga nokuba i-antibiotics iyimfuneko ngokwenene ukunyanga izifo.
Ngoko ixesha elizayo umntwana wakho eqala ukuphendula entlebeni yakhe okanye wakho oneminyaka emi-5 ubudala ngokukhawuleza uqhuba umkhuhlane, gcina izi khokelo engqondweni.
Ukuxilongwa kweNtsholongwane yeNtlu
Into yokuqala yokwazi malunga nezifo zendlebe kukuba akusoloko icacisa umntwana enenayo, nokuba ugqirha. Kubonakala ukuba kufanele kube yinto eqondekileyo ukuxilonga: Ukhangele ngaphakathi kwindlebe yomntwana kwaye unokubona ukuba unesifo okanye awukho, kunjalo? Kodwa kunokuba nzima ukufumana umbono ocacileyo ngaphakathi kwendlebe yengane encinane. Kwaye kulula ukuphazamisa umkhuhlane kwindlebe ngenxa yentsholongwane, ukubhala ubomvu obangelwa ngumkhuhlane okanye ukukhala njengophawu losulelo, okanye ukuba ungakwazi ukubona isigubhu seendlebe ngenxa yendlebe .
Enye inkcazo leyo intshontsho eneneni yenyani kukuba nayo inempawu zeklasi: ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza kwendlebe (i-otalgia), ukudonsa indlebe (into eyenza abantwana bayayenza ekuphenduleni intlungu yeendlebe), ukuphazamiseka, umjelo umkhuhlane ovela kwindlebe (i- otorrhea ), kunye nomkhuhlane.
Xa ku funeka i-antibiotics
Ngokwezikhokelo ze-AAP, zonke iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 eziphuhlise ukusuleleka kwindlebe kufuneka ziphathwe ngamayeza. Abantwana phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-2 nabo kufuneka bafumane ii-antibiotiki ukuba ngaba abantwana babo banesiqinisekiso sokuthi banesifo se-ear ear. (Khumbula, kungabakho ukuxilongwa okukhohlisayo ukuyenza.) Umntwana onempawu ezinzima, ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu okanye umkhuhlane ngaphezu kwe-102.2 F, kwakhona kufuneka uphathwe ngamachiza okulwa namagciwane angatsho nokuba ugqirha awunayo i-100 pesenti ethile indlebe.
Uninzi lwabantwana abaneempilo ezithile ezingapheliyo kufuneka zifakwe kwii-antibiotics zentsholongwane. Oku kubandakanya abantwana abane-Down syndrome, iingxaki zesistim somzimba, i- palate okanye i-cochlear implant. Okufanayo kunyanzelekile nawuphi na umntwana ophethe intsholongwane yeendlebe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ezedlule okanye unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo ezindlebeni zakhe.
Option Observation
Abantwana abakhulileyo kunye nalabo abasempilweni ngokuqhelekileyo abayidingi i-antibiotics ukucima intsholongwane yendlebe, ubuncinane kungekuqaleni. Kubo, izikhokelo ze-AAP zicebisa ngokusebenzisa "inketho yokujonga." Oku kuthetha ukujonga umntwana ngokucophelela kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48 ukuya kuma-72 emva kokuvavanywa. Ukuba iimpawu zakhe ziba zibi kakhulu, okanye zingaphuculanga kuzo zonke, ke lixesha lokubiza umnxeba we-antibiotics. Ootitshala bezilwanyana baphatha le meko ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye banabantwana babuyela eofisini, abanye baya kunika imithi phezu kwefowuni, kwaye oogqirha abathile baya kubhala "umyalelo wokuba" ngabazali babekho.
Le ndlela yokujonga endaweni yokumisela i-antibiotics ngokukhawuleza isebenze ngempumelelo kwamanye amazwe kwaye inobungozi obuncinane. Isebenza ngenxa yokuba abaninzi abantwana abaneentsholongwane zendlebe baya kuphucula ngokwabo.
Abantwana abashiywe ukuhlupheka, nangona kunjalo: Izikhokelo zincoma ukunika i- acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen ngenxa yokunceda intlungu.
Xa Ulinda-no-Bheka Awusebenzi
Ukuba emva kwexesha lokuqwalasela iimpawu zentsholongwane yentsholongwane yomntwana ayincishisi kwaye icacile ukuba ufuna i-antibiotics ukuba ayiphathe, izikhokelo ze-AAP zicebisa ukuba ziqaliswe nge-amoxicillin, kwaye ziqhubela phambili kwiyeza ezinamandla emva kwama-48 ukuya kuma-72 iiyure ukuba i-amoxicillin ingenzi ukukhulula iimpawu okanye umkhuhlane wengane uhlala kwi-102.2 F okanye ngaphezulu. Emva koko, okanye ngenye indlela ukuba umntwana ehlamba, unokufuna enye okanye intsuku ezintathu ze-antibiotics ezinokuthi zithintele okanye zentram, ezifana ne-Rocephin (ceftriaxone).
Kubantwana abanezilwanyana ezithile, izikhokelo ze-AAP zibeka uluhlu lwezinye i-antibiotics eziya kuba zikhuselekile ukuba zithathe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imishanguzo enqunyiwe, ngokutsho kwe-AAP abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-6 kunye nalabo abaneempawu ezinzima kufuneka bahlale kumachiza kwiintsuku ezili-10 ezipheleleyo. Iintsana ezindala ziyakwenza kakuhle iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwi sixhenxe ze-antibiotics.
Ukukhusela iiNtsholongwane zendlebe kwindawo yokuqala
I-AAP iphinda ikhuthaze ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa imingcipheko yemingcipheko yeendlebe, ingakumbi ngexesha lokusana. Ezi zibandakanya ukuncelisa iinyanga zingaphi ezintandathu, ungalokothi unike umntwana ibhotile ngelixa elele phantsi, kunye nokuluma kwi-pacifier emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Kwaye abantwana baneminyaka yonke kufuneka bagcinwe kude nomsi wesandla wesibini.
> Umthombo:
U-Allan S. Lieberthal, u-Aaron E. Carroll, u-Tasnee uConmaitree, uTheodore G. Ganiats, uAlejandro Hoberman, uMary Anne Jackson, uMark D. Joffe, uDonald T. Miller, uRichard M. Rosenfeld, Xavier D. Sevilla, uRichard H. Schwartz, UPauline A. Thomas, uDavid E. Tunkel. Isikhokelo soLwazi lweZiklinikhi: Ukuchonga nokuLawula i-Acute Otitis Media. Pediatrics . 2013. > i-doi: 10.1542 / i-peds.2012-3488.