Nangona iimpawu ze-urticaria (izilwanyana) zingabonakala ngathi zibonakala zibonakala, zihlala ziphosakele kwezinye iimeko zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema, i-rosacea kunye ne-pityriasis rosea. Kodwa, ngendlela efanayo neendlela eziphilayo ze-urticaria zichanekile, ngokunjalo, ziyimpawu kunye neempawu zesikhumba esifanayo.
Kwakhona kubhekiswe njengamavili (okanye ukuphuza), imihlathi ingahluka kwiindawo zabo zokusabalalisa kunye nokubonakala kodwa zibonakaliswe ngotshani, ziphakanyiswe i-welts ebusweni besikhumba obomvu okanye obomvu.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
I-Urticaria ibangelwa ukusabela okuvuthayo okubangela i-capillaries kwisidem (ubuncwane beethambo nje ngaphantsi kwesikhumba sangaphandle) ukuvuza umlambo. Xa oko kwenzeka, ukuqokelela kobutyebi kuya kubangela indawo echazwe yesikhumba ephakanyisiwe esiya kuqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umlambo ekugqibeleni ugqitywa kwakhona kwiiseli ezungezile.
Iinqwelo zineempawu ezithile ezibahlukanisa nezinye iimeko zesikhumba :
- Indawo ephakamileyo yesikhumba ineemida ezicacileyo.
- Xa ucinezela i-rash, iya kuba "i-blanches" (iyajika emhlophe).
- Baya kuba buhlungu, ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu. Kwakhona kunokuba nentlungu okanye ukuvutha komlilo.
- Bangabonakala naphi na emzimbeni kwaye batshintshe isimo, bajikeleze, bapheleke, babuye bafumane ixesha elifutshane.
- Xa beyicombulula, ulusu luya kubuya ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokusila.
- Uninzi luya kuhamba kunye neempendulo ezinjenge-fever, i-nausea, i-acry muscle, intlungu edibeneyo, okanye intloko.
I-Urticaria ihlelwa njengeyinto eqhelekileyo okanye engapheliyo ngokuxhomekeka kubude bexesha lokukhuphuka. Iimithi eziphambili zingaphelanga iiveki ezingaphantsi kweeveki, ngelixa iindawo ezinemihlathi engapheliyo yandisa ngaphezu kweeveki ezintandathu.
I-urticaria esebenzayo ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Uninzi luhlelwa njenge-idiopathic, oku kuthetha ukuba asiyazi isizathu.
Uninzi lweziganeko zizimeleyo; izilonda zomntu zithatha isombululo ngokwabo kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ukuqhuma kungabikho kangangeentsuku eziliqela, nangona kungaphaya kweeveki. Ukuba isisombululo sifumaneka, ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambelana nosulelo, ukuluma kwezilwanyana, okanye ukutya okanye iziyobisi.
U-urticaria ongapheliyo , ngokuchaseneyo, ufuna ukuba unyango unyango. Ngomnye uhlolisiso luka-2014, iipesenti ezingama-75 zabantu abaneemisundu engapheliyo ziyimpawu ezahlala ixesha elide ngaphezu konyaka, ngelixa iipesenti ezili-11 zinempawu emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu kweminyaka. Ngesiqingatha samatyala, igosa elikhubekanga alizange lifumaneke.
I-Urticaria iyaziwa ukuba ichaphazele ukuya kuma-20 eepesenti yoluntu kwaye iya kwenza oko kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubuhlanga okanye isini. Iimbuzi zivame ukubonakala ngokuhlwa okanye kusasa nje emva kokuvuka. Ukubetheka kukubi kakhulu ebusuku, kaninzi kukuphazamisa ubuthongo.
Izimpawu ngohlobo
Ukusabalalisa nokubonakala kwimihlathi kunokuhluka kakhulu. Eminye inokuba isasazeka, ngelixa ezinye zingasasaza okanye zikhawulelane kwisinye esisodwa, isilonda esincinci. Ukubonakala komququ ngezinye izihlandlo kungasinika inkcazelo malunga nesizathu esiyintloko.
Umzekelo:
- I-urticaria yeCold , ebangelwa ukufudumala kwamaqondo abanda abandayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakalisa i-welts phakathi kwekota ye-intshi kunye no-intshi ngobukhulu obunombala obomvu okanye obomvu. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenzeka xa kukho iindawo ezinkulu zolusu.
- I-urticaria ye-Cholinergic , eyaziwa nangokuthi ukushisa kwelanga, ibangelwa ukujuluka ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye iya kubonakala njengamanzi amancinci kakhulu ejikelezwe yimililo ebomvu ebomvu. Ukuzivocavoca okunzima kukubangela.
- I-Dermographism urticaria ibangelwa yinkampani eqhankqalazayo yesikhumba kwaye iya kubonakaliswa ngemingxube kunye nomgca woqhagamshelwano. Ukutya kudla ukubonakala kumaminithi amahlanu ukuya kwe-10 emva kokuqhagamshelana kwaye kuya kubakho ngokubanzi kwimizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwe-15.
- Uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria lubangelwa naluphi na uxinzelelo olubekwe elukhumbeni, kuquka iimpahla ezinxibileyo okanye ukuma ezinyaweni zakho. Ibonakalisa ukuqhuma okungakumbi, ukuqhuma kweendawo ezibomvu, utywala, mhlawumbi nokuba buhlungu.
- I-urticaria ye-solar , ebangelwa ukukhanya kwe-UV ultraviolet (UV), iya kubonakala kwiindawo zesikhumba esicacisiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo zingakapheli imizuzu yokuchithwa. Ukukhawuleza kuya kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kuya kubonakala "kuthukuthele" ngokubomvu ngokufudumele nokufudumala. Njengokubanda kwe-urticaria, ukuphelelwa amandla kungenzeka ukuba imihlathi iyasasazeka.
- I-urticaria engabonakaliyo ingabangelwa nayiphi na indlela yokutshatyalaliswa (kuquka ukubetha okanye ukuhamba ngeenqwelo zemoto). Ihlala ihlala imfutshane, ivela kwaye iphela phakathi kweyure. Nangona kunzima ukwahlula ngamehlo yodwa, ama-hive atshabalalisa ngamanye amaxesha ahamba kunye neempawu ezingavamile ezifana nokushushumbisa, iintloko zomzimba, umbono onqamlekileyo, okanye inambatho yentsimbi emlonyeni.
- I-urticaria yamanzi ( urticaria ye- aquagenic) yinto engavumelekanga yomhlathi obangelwa udibaniso lwamanzi. Iimithi zivame ukuba zincinci kwaye zivame ukukhula entanyeni yakho, kwisiqu esiphezulu kunye neengalo. Njengokuba u-urticaria eshukumisayo, kudla ukuza kwaye ungene kwiyure.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Ngokuqhelekanga, i-urticaria ingaphambi kwesiganeko esikhulu, umzimba wonke umonakalo obizwa ngokuba yi- anaphylaxis . I-Anaphylaxis ibangelwa yimpendulo ephezulu yokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwemihlathi, i- angioedema (imeko echaphazelekayo yesikhumba echaphazela iziqulatho ezinzulu zeethambo), kunye neempawu zokuphefumula ezinzulu.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokubangela ukungabikho komzimba zizinto zokutya, imithi, iigonyi, kunye nezilwanyana ezinobungozi, nangona ezinye iimeko azikho izizathu eziyaziwayo. Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ziquka:
- Imihlathi ephakamileyo kunye ne-angioedema enesikhumba eshushu
- Ukuqhaqhazela, ukukrazula nokuhamba
- Ubunzima obunzima kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane
- Ukuvuvukala komlomo kunye / okanye ulwimi
- Intliziyo esheshayo okanye engavumelekanga
- Utywala okanye ukukhanya
- Iintlanzi zesisu
- Isisindo, ukuhlanza, kunye nesifo sohudo
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Isithintelo sokuphefumula siphumelela ekukhuselweni komoya
- Ukudideka
- Ukuvakalelwa kwesigwebo esizayo
- Ukutyhafa kunye nokuwa
- Ukuxhamla
Ukuba ukushiywa kungakhange kulandelwe, i-anaphylaxis inokubangela ukuphazamiseka , ukuphazamiseka komzimba , i-coma, i-heart or breathing respiration, nokufa.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Ukuba ityala lemihlathi lingenakunzima ngaphandle kweminye impawu ngaphandle kokubamba, ungayiphatha ekhaya . Uninzi luya kusombulula kwiiyure ezimbalwa iintsuku eziliqela. Ukuba iyaqhubeka ingaphezu kweveki okanye iqala ukugqithisa, jonga ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ziphindaphindiwe kwaye zingachazwanga, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthunyelwe kumdematologist onokukwazi ukuvavanya iimvavanyo ukuze abone iimeko ezibangelwayo okanye umntu ongenakho ukuhlola ukuba ingaba i-allergen (i-allergenic trigger) ibeka ityala. Ugqirha wakho angaphinda afune ukuhlola izifo ezithintekayo (njenge- hepatitis B ) okanye izifo ezizimele (ezifana neHashimoto's thyroiditis ) apho izivalo eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba izilwanyana zakho zihambelana neempawu ezifana nokuphefumula, ukuxhaphaza, ukunyameka kwentliziyo, nokuhlanza, biza u-911 okanye ube nomntu onokukukhawulela kwigumbi eliphuthumayo elisondeleyo.
> Imithombo:
> Ferrer, M .; Bastra, J .; Gimenez-Arnau, A. et al. Ulawulo lwe-urticaria: aluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kungabi lula. Iiklinikhi yokuCatshungulwa koMilo. 2014; 45 (4): 731-43. INGXELO: 10.1111 / cea.12465.
> Schaefer, P. I-Urticaria eqhelekileyo kunye ne-Chronicle: UkuVavanywa nokuPhathwa. I-Phys Physician. 2017; 95 (11): 717-724.