Iimfuno zezoNyango zezoNyango

by Andrea Clement Santiago

Enye yezinto ezininzi ozikhethayo njengononophelo lwempilo ukhetha okhethekileyo kwizonyango apho usebenza khona. Ingaba ungumongikazi, ugqirha okanye udidi lwezonyango lwezempilo, ukhethe okhethekileyo kwizonyango kuya kunceda ukugxila kwiinjongo zakho zemfundo, imizamo yokukhangela imisebenzi, kunye nokukhetha kwamakhondo.

Ngokukhawuleza ufumanisa ukunyaniseka kwakho okwenene kumachiza, uphumelele ngakumbi, ngokusebenza kwintsimi oyithandayo. Ngokomzekelo, unomdla wakho osebenza nabantwana, omama abakhulelweyo, izigulane zomhlaza, okanye asebekhulile? Ngaba ufuna ukunciphisa intlungu yokufa, okanye uvelise ubomi obutsha kwihlabathi? Cinga ngeemfuno ezihlukeneyo.

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I-allergies kunye ne-Immunology

Iifoto zeHero / i-Getty Izithombe

Ukhethe lwezonyango lwe-allergies kunye ne-immunology ligxile kwi-diagnostic kunye nokunyangwa kwe-allergies.

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I-Anesthesiology yinto ekhethekileyo yezokwelapha ekugxileni ekulawuleni izilwanyana ezibulala ubuhlungu ngexesha lotyando ekamelweni lokusebenza. I-Anesthesiology iquka intsimi yolawulo lwentlungu, i-subspecialty eyanceda ukuphatha ubuhlungu obungapheliyo (eziqhubekayo) kwizigulane ezineyeza zonyango, ii-injections, okanye ezinye iindlela zokwelapha.

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Intsimi ye-dermatology igxile kwi-diagnostic, unyango, nokukhusela izifo, ukuphazamiseka kunye neemeko zesikhumba.

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Ngonyango oluPhezulu

Iyeza lonyango yinkalo egxininisa ukunyamekela, okanye unyango olunzulu lwezigulane ezifuna unyango olususondeleyo ngenxa yexinzelelo, ingozi, okanye isiganeko esikhulu sonyango.

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Unyango lwezentsapho

Iyeza lentsapho yinkxalabo yokukhathalela eyona mfuno yokunakekelwa kwempilo yezigulane zonyaka wonke, ukususela kwiintsana ukuya kwi-geriatric.

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Ngonyango lwangaphakathi

Iyeza langaphakathi lifana neyeza lentsapho kuba liquka ukunakekelwa okuphambili kunye nokulawulwa kwezempilo oluphambili kuzo zonke iindawo zempilo yesigulane. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwangaphakathi alubandakanyi iintsana okanye iintsholongwane, ngelixa amayeza asekhaya ahlala esenza. Ukongezelela, unyango lwangaphakathi lubandakanya uqeqesho olujulile kunye nokunyamekela ngesigulane kwisimo esibhedlele nokunyamekela. Ekugqibeleni, unyango lwangaphakathi luquka ezinye iincwadana ezizodwa ezifana nezi:

Cardiology
Endocrinology
Gastroenterology
Geriatric Medicine
Oncology kunye neHematology
IHlonyeni kunye noPilliative Medicine
Izifo ezithathelwanayo
Nephrology
Izifo zePulmonary
Rheumatology

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I-neurology yinto ekhethekileyo yezokwelapha ejolise ekuxilongweni, unyango, nokukhusela izifo, ukuphazamiseka, kunye neemeko zengqondo kunye nenkqubo yesantya. Izigulane eziye zatshutshiswa, okanye ngubani olwa nezifo ezinjenge-epilepsy, i-Alzheimer's, okanye i-Parkinson yimizekelo embalwa kwezinye izigulane eziphathiswe ngama-neurologists.

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I-neurosurgery yonyango olukhethekileyo lwamayeza olunikezelwe kuphela ukuhlinzwa kwengqondo.

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I-OB / GYN (i-Obstetrics & Gynecology)

I-Obstetrics iyinkathalo yezempilo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kubandakanywa abasebenzi kunye nokubeletha kunye nokubonelela ngokukhusela umntwana. I-Gynecology ibandakanya ukuxilongwa, unyango, nokukhusela izifo, ukuphazamiseka, kunye neemeko zesistim sokuzala.

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I-Ophthalmology yonyango olukhethekileyo olujoliswe kunyango lwamehlo, kunye ne-retina. Akunakudideka kunye ne-optometrist, i-ophthalmologists inokukwenza uphenyo lwamaziso kwaye unika amachiza ahlukile kuma-optometrists, aqhelekileyo agxininise ukulungiswa kwamehlo nokuphucula kunye neelensi zamagciwane.

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Ugqirha lwe-Orthopedic

Utyando lwe-orthopedic lubandakanya ukuhlinzwa kwamalungu, amathambo kunye nezihlunu. Izigulane ezenzelwe ukulimala kwezemidlalo okanye ukulimala kwengozi zingaphathwa ngabagqirha bamazinyo, njengokuba zizigulane ezineentlobo zesifo se-arthritis kwizihlanganisi ezinokulungiswa ngokucwangcisa.

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I-Otolaryngology (ENT)

I-Otolaryngology yinto ekhethekileyo yezokwelapha eyaziwa ngokuthi "ENT", emela indlebe, impumlo, nomqala. I-Otolaryngology iquka ukunakekelwa kwe-office-based, kunye neenkqubo zokugonywa esibhedlele nakwiofisi. Ngoko ke, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nabaqeshi ziyafumaneka kule ndawo.

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Iintsapho ziyinqanaba lokunyamekela kwezilwanyana ezijolise ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kubantwana, ukususela kwiintsana ukuya ku-18. Imisebenzi enkulu yezilwanyana i-office-based, apho iifayili zonyango, ukugonywa, ukukhwehlela kunye nokubandayo, kunye ne "lumps and bumps" ziphathwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kuninzi imisebenzi yezilwanyana ezitholakalayo kwizibhedlele zabantwana, ngakumbi kwii-specialist hospitals ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwabantwana.

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Psychiatry

I-Psychiatry ibandakanya unyango lwezempilo yengqondo kunye nentlalo. I-Psychiatry inokusetyenziswa kwiofisi, ukubonelela ngeengqondo kunye namayeza ngokunyamekela kwengqondo, okanye kwisibhedlele sengqondo ngenxa yeziganeko ezinzulu, iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezifana ne-bipolar disorder, i-schizophrenia, kunye neminye imiba efuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. I-Psychiatry iquka ukunyangwa kwezigulane kunye nezilingo ezifana neziyobisi okanye utywala.

Kaninzi

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I-Radiology yintsimi yonyango equka ukusetyenziswa kwengqondo yezokwelapha ukuxilonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki kuzo zonke izakhono kunye nezixhobo zomzimba. I-Radiology yintsimi ephakamileyo kakhulu enikezela kakhulu ukukhula komsebenzi, kuba isetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye izinto ezizodwa zezokwelapha eziquka i-cardiology, ukuhlinzwa, i-oncology, i-gastroenterology, ukubiza ngambalwa.

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Jikelele abagqirha benza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlinzwa kwamathambo kunye ne-laparoscopic. Abagqirha banokuphinda baqwalasele ukugxilwa kwintlungu, utyando lwe-vascular, ukuhlinzwa ngoplastiki, okanye unyango lwe-heart. Umsebenzi ophandwayo uquka ugqirha, ugqirha ogqityiweyo, okanye umongikazi we-OR.

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I-urology yonyango olukhethekileyo olubandakanya ukuxilongwa, unyango, nokukhusela i-urinary tracting system. Uroloji lubandakanya ukunakekelwa kwe-ofisi kunye nokunyangwa ngonyango.