Okulungileyo kubathengi; Okubi kwiShishini elingundoqo
Ukugqitywa kwephepha lokubamba i-patrotheli ye-blockbuster engekho-ekuthiwa yi "patent cliff" yi-industry insiders, yaqhubeka ngo-2016. Ezinye zezidakamizwa ezithengiswa kakhulu kwiimbali zalahlekelwa ukukhuselwa kwephepha lomsebenzi ngo-2011 no-2012. Izidakamizwa ezifana neLipitor, i-Plavix kunye neViagra zifumene izigidigidi zabaxhasi babo ngelixa zibeka irekhodi lokuthengisa jikelele.
Iziyobisi eziya kwi-Off-Patent 2013-2016
Izidakamizwa ezidumile ezihlelelwe ukulahlekelwa ukukhuselwa kwemakethe yase-US phakathi kuka-2013 no-2016:
2013
- I-Oxycontin (i-oxycodone HCI), i-opioid yolawulo lwentlungu, izuze i-$ 2.8 yezigidigidi zeentengo ngokuthengisa ngo-2011 kumenzi wayo wase-US, i-Purdue Pharma LP.
- I-AcipHex (i-rabeprazole sodium), ngenxa yokuguquka kwentlungu ehambisana ne-acid reflux, umenzi: Eisai Inc. kunye noJanssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- I-Zometa (i-zoledronic acid) injini yonyango lwe-hypercalcemia yesifo esibangelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu egazi ngekliniki ngenxa yomhlaza; I-1.5 1.5 yezigidi zeentengiso kwihlabathi jikelele ngo-2010. Yenziwe nguNovartis.
- I-Xeloda (capecitabine) yonyango lomlomo lwe-chemotherapy lwe-metastatic cancer and breast cancer kunye ne-Genentech / Roche. Ukuthengisa kwe-US kwakhula ngamadijithi aphindwa kabili ngonyaka ukufikelela kuma-647.6 wezigidi ngo-2011.
- I-Opana ER (i-oxymorphone HCI), i-opioid agonist evunyelwe ukulawulwa kweentlungu ezidityanisiweyo, ezenziwe yi-Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc. Ukuthengiswa ngo-2011 kwakuyi-$ 384.7 yezigidi.
- I-Asacol (i-mesalamine), ukwenzela unyango lweempawu ze-ulcerative colitis, yafumana i-$ 800 yezigidi ekuthengiseni kwehlabathi lonke ngo-2010. Umenzi: Warner Chilcott
2014
- I-Nexium (esomeprazole) yokonyangwa kwesifo se-reflux yesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD) senziwa ngu-AstraZeneca. Ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele ngo-2010 bekuyi $ 4.9 billion.
- I-Cymbalta (duloxetine HCI), eyenziwa ngu-Eli Lilly, yonyango lokudandatheka, ukukhathazeka okuqhelekileyo, isifo sesifo sesifo sikashukela, intlungu ye-fibromyalgia kunye neentlungu ezingapheliyo zesifo se-musculoskeletal. Ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele kudlule i-$ 4 yezigidigidi ngo-2011.
- I-Celebrex (celecoxib) yonyango lwe-osteoarthritis kunye neempawu ze-arthritis ze-rheumatoid kunye nokuphathwa kweentlungu ezinzima kubantu abadala. I-Pfizer, umenzi wayo, ibike ukuthengisa kwe-$ 2.5 billion ngonyaka ka-2011.
- I-Symbicort (budesonide / formoterol fumarate dihydrate) ye-asthma kunye neCOPD yenziwe yi-AstraZeneca. Ukuthengiswa kweSymbicort kwakuyi-$ 3.1 yezigidigidi ngo-2011.
- I-Lunesta (eszopiclone), unyango lokulala, lenziwe ngu-Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., inkxaso evela kuDainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co. Ltd. Intengiso yehlabathi yonke ngo-2010 yayingama-631 yezigidi.
- I-Restasis (i-cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion) yokwandisa imveliso yenkqonkqo kwizigulane ezinamehlo angapheliyo, zenziwe yi-Allergan. Ngo-2010, ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi lonke kwafikelela kuma-621 yezigidi.
- I-Evista (raloxifene HCI), eyenziwe ngu-Eli Lilly, kukunyanga nokukhusela i-osteoporosis. U-Evista wathola i-1.3 billion yezigidi zeentengiso kwihlabathi jikelele ngo-2010.
- I-Sandostatin LAR (i-acetate ye-octreotide yokumiswa kwe-injection) yi-Novartis, yonyango lwe-acromegaly syndrome, i-hormonal disorder, kunye nesifo sohudo esinamandla kunye nokuxhamla okunxulumene ne-cancer ye-metastatic. Ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele bekuyi-$ 1.3 yezigidigidi ngo-2010.
- I-Actonel (i-risedronate) yenzelwe ukuthintela nokunyangwa kwe-osteoporosis. Ngo-2010, ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi lonke kwakuyi-$ 1.6 billion. I-Actonel yenziwe nguWarner Chilcott.
2015
- I-Abilify (i-aripiprazole) yi-Otsuka Pharmaceutical i-anti-psychotic esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-schizophrenia kunye ne-bipolar disorder. Ngo-2010, ukuthengisa kwehlabathi kwafikelela kwi-$ 4.6 billion.
- I-Copaxone (i-glatiramer injetate injection) yonyango lokubuyisela kwakhona-ukuyeka i-sclerosis ezininzi (RRMS) ezenziwe yiTeva Pharmaceuticals. Ukuthengisa kwafika kwi-$ 3.57 yezigidigidi ngo-2011.
- I-Gleevec (imatinib mesylate) yonyango lwe-lemonemia engapheliyo (CML) kunye nesisu sesisu esisisigxina (GIST). Ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele bekuyi $ 4.26 yezigidigidi ngo-2010. I-Gleevec yenziwe nguNovartis.
- I-Namenda (i-memantine HCI) yonyango olulinganisela kwisifo esibi se-Alzheimer esenziwa yi-Forest Laboratories, Inc.
- I-Provigil (modafinil), unyango lokulala ngokugqithiseleyo nokuguquka komsebenzi wokulala ubuthongo, lenziwe yiTeva Pharmaceuticals. Imveliso eyenza i-$ 350 yezigidi ngokuthengisa ngo-2011.
- Uninzi (i-albuterol kunye ne-ipratropium inhalation) lulawulo lwezonyango ezingapheliyo zesifo se-pulmonary (COPD) iimpawu. UBohringer Ingelheim wabika ukuthengiswa kwezigidi eziyi-965 yezigidi ngo-2010.
- I-Zyvox (linezolid) yintsholongwane eyenziwe yiPfizer. Inkampani ibhengeze ukuthengiswa kweentlawulo zamazwe angama-325 yezigidi ngo-2011.
- I-Prezista (i-darunavir) yi-protease inhibitor yesifo sengculaza (intsholongwane kaGawulayo). Ekwabelwe yiJanssen Therapeutics, i-Prezista yokuthengisa yayingama-888 yezigidi zehlabathi ngonyaka ka-2010.
- I-Avodart (i-dutasteride) yonyango lwe-prostatic hyperplasia (i-prostate gland eyandisiweyo). I-GlaxoSmithKline ibike ukuthengiswa kweebhiliyoni ezingama-973 kwizigidigidi emhlabeni jikelele ngo-2010.
2016
- I-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin calcium) ngu-Astra Zeneca, yonyango lokunciphisa i-cholestolol ye-LDL mna yegazi. I-Crestor yokuthengisa yayingama-R6 billion ngonyaka ka-2010.
- I-Benicar (olmesartan medoxomil) yexinzelelo lwegazi ephezulu yenziwa ngu-Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. Ngo-2010, ukuthengisa kwakuyi-$ 2.5 billion.
- I-Cubicin (daptomycin) yintsholongwane elwa ne-Cubist Pharmaceuticals. Isilwanyana senze i-$ 644 yezigidi kwiirhwebo zentengiso ngo-2010. Isidakamizwa esiqhelekileyo, i-datomyucin, samkelwe ngoJulayi 6, 2016.
- Zetia (ezetimibe) esetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-cholesterol ephezulu, eyenziwe nguMerck.
- I-Nuvigil (armodafinil) isetyenziselwa ukuphatha ubuthongo obunxulumene ne-narcolepsey kunye ne-apnea yokulala. Yenziwe nguTeva.
- I-Intuniv (guanfacine hydrochloride) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantwana be-ADHD, eyenziwe yiShire.
- I-Seroquel XR (quetiapine fumarate) esetyenziselwa unyango olunzima lwezipapa ezidityanisiweyo, ezenziwe yi-AstraZeneca.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokungahambi kakuhle xa inkampani yendalo izama ukuvelisa umkhiqizo omtsha kwindawo yokuthengisa emncintiswaneni.
Imithombo
I-EvaluatePharma Ltd. Icandelo loshishino lokurhweba ukukhangela i-patent irekhodi Ixesha lokugqibela, Uvavanyo. Februwari 2, 2011.
IMS Health
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