I-otolaryngologist ngugqirha ogqirha ugxininise ekuxilweni nasekunyango kweemeko zonyango kunye neengxaki zeendlebe, impumlo, nomqala. Imiba yeSinus, i-cancer, izifo, izifo, okanye ukungalunganga kweyiphi na le mimandla iphathwa ngama-otolaryngologists, ngamanye amaxesha abizwa ngokuba yi-ENTs (i-Ear, i-Nose, ne-Throat) okanye i-ENT.
Ngaloo ndlela, i-otolaryngologists ihlala isebenza ngokubambisana nabathengi bee-audiologists kunye neentsholongwane zentetho , njengokuba intsimi yabo yonyango ifuthe inxibelelwano, intetho kunye nokuva.
Ukuthetha ngokufanelekileyo, ixesha elifanelekileyo lala magqirha okhethekileyo yi-otorhinolaryngologists, kodwa ngenxa yokuba eli lizwi elide, bajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi i-otolaryngologists okanye i-ENTs kwingxoxo.
Imfundo noQeqesho
I-Otolaryngologists ngabagqirha beyeza. Ngoko ke, njengabo bonke oogqirha, i-otolaryngologists kufuneka ifumane i-degree degree ( DO okanye MD ) emva kwekholeji. EUnited States, umkhondo wemfundo otolaryngologists uquka:
- Isiqinisekiso se-Undergraduate (iminyaka emine yekholejini okanye iyunivesiti)
- Isiganga sezonyango - (iminyaka engama-4 esikolweni sezokwelapha)
- Uqeqesho lokuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala (iminyaka emithathu yokuhlala kwe-otolaryngology, kunye no-1 ngonyaka woqeqesho oluqhelekileyo loqeqesho, kunye nomnye owongezelelweyo wokuqeqesha uwonke-wonke weminyaka emihlanu yoqeqesho lokuhlala)
- Ukuqeqesha ngokukhethekileyo kwintsebenziswano ekhethekileyo njengentloko nentamo, iplastiki / ukwakha, njl. - iminyaka emi-2.
Isiqinisekiso kunye neLayisenisi
Njengabo bonke oogqirha e-United States, i-otolaryngologists kufuneka idlule onke amanyathelo amathathu e-USMLE (i-United States Medical Licensing Exam).
Ukongezelela, ngelixa kungengasoloko imfuneko, amaninzi amanqanaba okuqhuba ngoku afuna ukuqinisekiswa kwebhodi kwi-otolaryngology yi-American Board yezoNyango zezoNyango (ABMS).
Ukongezelela, i-otolaryngologists kufuneka ifumane ilayisenisi yelizwe ukuqhuba unyango kwimeko apho basebenza khona.
Ukuze kugcinwe ilayisenisi, i-otolaryngologists kufuneka izalise imali efunekayo yeeyure ze-CME (imfundo yezokwelapha zonyango), kwaye igqibe inkqubo yokuvuselela ilayisenisi yonke iminyaka eyi-7-10 ngokuxhomekeke kwimfuno zelizwe apho ziqhuba khona, kunye neemfuno zebhodi ekhethekileyo .
Uhlobo lweZenzo zoLwazi
I-ENTs igcina iofisi yesebe kwiofisi yonyango yangasese okanye kwi-ofisi esekelwe esibhedlele. Baya kuqeshwa sisibhedlele, inkqubo yezokwelapha, iyunivesithi, okanye iziko lekarhulumente, okanye banokuba baqeshwe ngabanye kwaye banezonyango zabo. Ukongeza kokubona izigulane kwindawo yokubeka iofisi, ezininzi ze-ENTs zenza uphando kwiziko lesipilisi okanye esibhedlele. Ngexesha elipheleleyo kwi-ofisi, banokubona naphi na izigulane ezingama-25-35 okanye ezingama-40.
Ukugqithwa okwenziwa yi-ENTs kunokubandakanya i- tillectomy (ukususwa kweetoni kunye ne-adenoids), ukulungisa ii- septum eziphambukileyo kwiimpawu zengxube, uphando lweplastiki kunye ne-maxillofacial, ukususwa kweemvamisa, ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear (ukubuyisela ukuvalelwa), nokunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-ENT iya kwenza u-250-300 uphando rhoqo ngonyaka.
I-ENTs isebenze nezigulane zabo bonke ubudala, kodwa kaninzi ziba nepesenti eziphezulu zezigulane zezilwanyana ngenxa yobume bomsebenzi abazenzayo, kunye neyanda ephezulu yeengxaki ze-ENT kwizigulana zezilwanyana kunye nabantwana abaselula.
Imali kunye ne Outlook
Ngokwe-Medical Group Management Association (MGMA) ngo-2013 Ingxelo yokuPhiliswa kweMpilo kunye noPhando lweeMveliso, umvuzo wonyaka wenyanga ye-otolaryngologists (okanye, i-otorhinolaryngologists) ingama $ 442,119. Njengoko ziyingcali kwaye zenza utyando, ii-ENTs zihlala ziphakathi kwamagqirha aphezulu.
Umbono kaJobe kubo bonke oogqirha unamandla, kwaye kunqongophala kubalwe ngonyaka we-2020 nangaphezulu, ngokutsho kwe-American Association yeeKholeji zezoNyango (AAMC).
Oku kungenxa yokukhula kwabemi base-US, kunye nokukhula okwenyuka kweminyaka yobuhlanga besizwe, ngaphezu kwe-Care Affordable Act ka-2010 (ACA). I-ACA, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Obamacare, ngumthetho wokulungiswa kwempilo kunye neenjongo ezininzi zokutshintshelwa kwezempilo kwi-US, enye yazo yayiza kunyusa izinga lamaMerika abakwazi ukufumana i-inshorensi yezempilo. Izigidi zabantu baseMerika abasandul 'ukufumana inkxaso baya kudala ezinye iimfuno zamagqirha kuquka i-otolaryngologists.