Imithombo yee-Aches kwi-Your Metatarsophalangeal yokuqala
Ubunzima obunokubambisana kwakho lunokubangela ukuba usizi. Umxube wokuqala we-metatarsophalangeal ngumxhelo odibanisa inzwane enkulu kumathambo okuqala e-metatarsal . Nangona amaqhezu ezinzwane zincinci, zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kweenyawo ezinempilo. Ezi zihlanganiso zinyamezela ubunzima obunzima obunzima. Xa bebuhlungu, ukhona usuku olubi. Eminye yeengxaki ezidla ngokuqhelekileyo kulo mdibaniso ziquka le miqathango emihlanu:
Bunion
I-bunion yinto enkulu, i-knobby bump phezu kwe-big toe joint edibene neemeko eziqhelekileyo zonyawo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-hallux valgus deformity. Iibhononi zibangelwa yinto enobungozi obukhulu obunobungozi kwaye azikho ukukhula kwebony, okuyiyo into engafanelekanga.
Ngaphandle kwebala elibonakalayo, i-hallux valgus ibangela ukutshintshwa kwimeko enobunzima obukhulu, okwenza ukuba kuqhutywe kwizwane ezingaphantsi kwexesha. Isiphumo esiqhelekileyo sisiphakamiso esanduliweyo kunye nesibomvu, esicasulayo, kunye namaxesha athile avuyileyo kwicala lomxhasi omkhulu. Ngelixa ezininzi iibuniyonzi zibangelwa yizinyathelo ezinobungqina bezintlu ze-biomechanics, iimeko ezifana ne- rheumatoid arthritis zingakhokelela ekugqibeleni .
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kukho izinto ongayenza ukuze unciphise impawu zemibonakalo ukuba unayo (okanye ezimbini). Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa zokuqwalasela:
- Gqoka izicathulo ezicwangcisiweyo, ezinwebekileyo ngebhokisi elikhulu lezandla ukuze uvumele indawo engaphezulu kwizwane ezinkulu. Oku kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-bunion.
- Beka ipake phezu kombuthano ukukhusela ukuxubha nokucaphukisa.
- Yenza imizobo yokwelula ukuphucula ukuhamba ngokubambisana.
- Emva kokusebenzisa ezinyaweni zakho, sebenzisa ipakethe ebandayo kwi-bunion (qiniseka ukubeka ithawula lephepha okanye idayi phakathi kwepakethi kunye nekhumba lakho).
- Xoxa nodokotela wakho nokuba ufanele uthathe ukulwa nokutshaya, njenge-ibuprofen, ukuba i-bunion yakho ibuhlungu okanye iyathukuthela.
Ukuba ukungaxhatshazi kwakho kuqhubeka naphezu kwezi nyathelo ezilula, umgqirha (ugqirha ogxininisekile kwiimeko zeenyawo) unokukunxulumanisa kunye nokufaka izihlangu zakho ezikhethekileyo (orthotics) ukuxhasa inzondo yakho enkulu. Umdlali wakho we-podiatrist unokubonelela ngeempawu zokuzithoba ezigubungelayo ebusuku ukuze ulungele ukuzithoba iinzwane ezinkulu xa ulala.
Ukuba le miqathango ayisebenzi kwaye uqhubeka uxinezelekileyo intlungu okanye ubunzima ngokuhamba, umgcini wakho we-podiatrist unokukuthumela kwi-surgeon yonyawo. Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuphanda ezinokuthi zenziwe ukubeka kwakhona ithambo kwaye zisuswe.
Arthritis
Ifom ye-arthritis echaphazelekayo echaphazela inkulu enkulu yezwane, i-osteoarthritis, ebangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-cartilage ye-articular. I-osteoarthritis kwintsimbi enkulu inokuthi ihlakulele kwiingxaki ezinokwenziwa kwenyawo kunye nokusebenza, okubangele ukugqithisa nokugqithisa. I-trauma efana nokwephuka okanye ukuchithwa kwezandla ezinkulu kunakhokelela ekubeni ne-osteoarthritis. Eminye, iintlobo ezincinci eziqhelekileyo ze-arthritis ezichaphazela inzondo enkulu ziquka i-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne- psoriatic arthritis .
Iimpawu ze-arthritis yezinzwane ezinkulu zingabandakanya intlungu, ukuva, ukuqina, kunye nokuvuvukala. Intlungu ye-osteoarthritis yezinzwane ezinkulu ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakala kakhulu xa imile kwaye ihamba. Abanye abantu abane-osteoarthritis yesigxina esikhulu sezinzwane bahlakulela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi hallux rigidus, apho kukho ukuqina okungaqhelekanga kokubambisana, okubangele ukwandiswa kwezilwane ezinkulu.
Ukuba i-arthritis ihamba phambili, ukukhula kwe-knobby kuthiwa i-bone spurs ingahlakulela ifana ne-bunion. Ukwahlukana nangona kunjalo kukuba ngoxa iibunon zikhula ngaphakathi kweenyawo, ibhonsi ephuma kwi-arthritis ephezulu iyakwenza ifom ephezulu. Njengamabhononi, ezi zonyango zonyango zingenza i-hallux valgus deformity apho inzondo enkulu ibhekisela kwizontwane zombini.
Amanyathelo alula ukunyanga i-arthritis yesigxina esikhulu sezwane zibandakanya ukuthatha imishanguzo enokubandezela ngamachiza njenge-NSAID, phantsi kweengcebiso zonyango wakho. Unokucetyiswa ukuba uzinxibe izicathulo ezinomthi oqinileyo okanye ugoba kwi-toe big joint.
Ulwaphulo olunokwenyama lunokuba luncedo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-steroid idonsa kwidibeneyo iyadingeka ukunciphisa intlungu kunye nokuvutha komzimba. Ngokuqhelekanga, kufuneka utyando, ukususa i-spurs bone (ebizwa ngokuba yi- cheilectomy ) okanye i-fusion ye-bone of joint.
Gout
I-Gout yimeko engumonakalo enokuchaphazela inkulu enkulu enezwane. I-Gout ivela xa i- acid i-uric yakha egazini lomntu, ekwakheni iikristali eziza kufakwa kwidibeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo zidibaniselwano ezinkulu. Ixesha lezonyango elichaza igulane kwi-toe enkulu iqhagamshelwe.
Iimpawu zesifo se-arthritis esine-gouty ziquka ubomvu, obushushu, kunye nobudlelwane obunzima. Ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout kungaphendulwanga kwaye kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo iminyaka emininzi, umonakalo odibeneyo unokwenzeka. Ukongezelela, i- tophi igqabha inokwenza, ezibonakalayo okanye ezifakwe kwi-urate deposits ezibonwe kwizwane.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba ngumngeni kumgqirha ukuba ahlule phakathi kwe-arthritis enesifo esikhulu kunye kunye kunye nesifo esinegciwane. Kule meko, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba e-uric acid kwigazi lakho. Ukuba iphakanyisiwe, oku kungabonakalisa ukuba ukuhlasela kwe-gout kwenzeka-nangona, oku akuwona umthetho okhuni kunye wokukhawuleza, nje umqondiso. Amaxesha amaninzi ugqirha kuyakufuneka athathe isampuli yetshezi edibeneyo ukuyivavanya i-uric acid crystals kwaye wenze ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo.
Unyango lwe-gout kwi-toe enkulu ehlanganyelwe yintsimbi ephindwe kabini, uphathise zombini inzwane kunye namazinga aphezulu e-uric acid kwigazi. Ngenxa yezwane, ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okunzima kungaphathwa ngemithi yonyango ebizwa ngokuba yi-colchicine, inxamnye nokuvuvukala (njenge-NSAID), okanye i-steroids.
Ukunciphisa ugulane nokukhusela ukuhlaselwa kwangaphambili, ugqirha wakho uya kuncomeka ukuba ulahlekelwe ubunzima xa ukhuluphele okanye ukhuluphele kwaye wenze utshintsho lwezondlo ezifana:
- Ukusika kwakhona inyama ebomvu, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasemanzini kunye notywala
- Ukuphepha ukutya kunye neziphuzo kunye ne-high-fructose ye-corn syrup
- Ukwandisa i-fat fat-fat, imifuno, kunye nokutya okutya okutya okutya kokutya kwakho
Ukuba unokuhlaselwa ngamagciwane amaninzi, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma unyango lwamayeza ukuba unciphise amanqanaba e-uric acid kwigazi.
Sesamoiditis
Amathambo enyawo weenyawo ngamathambo amancinci amabini atholakala phantsi kwethambo lokuqala leetatatarsal, kufuphi ne-big toe joint (umxube wokuqala we-metatarsophalangeal). Bahlala ngaphakathi kwethenda enokuthi iguqule intshontsho enkulu.
Amathambo e-samoid aphantsi kwentlungu kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-traumatic acute or chronic. I-Sesamoiditis ixhomekeka kwimisebenzi equka ukulinganisa kwizwane okanye ukuxumla, njengokudanisa ibhola okanye ibhola. Ukuphuka kwesithambo sesamoid kunokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngeentlungu ezinkulu phantsi kwebhola lonyawo kunye nommandla phantsi kweentloko ezinkulu.
I-Sesamoiditis ingaba imeko enenkani yokunyanga ngenxa yobunzima bokunyusa ubunzima kwibhola leenyawo ngexesha lokuhamba. Enyanisweni, iimeko ezinzima ze-samoiditis okanye ukuphulwa kwethambo le-samoid zingadinga ukunyuka kwesisindo kunye neentonga okanye ukuphosa. Izahlulelo zeSesamoid zingadinga ukuhlinzwa.
I-Sesamoiditis engahambelani neqhekeza okanye izilwanyana zincinci zincinci zingaphathwa kunye nokuphumla kwintsebenzo, ukugada ngebhola lonyawo, kunye ne-orthotics yesihlangu (i-arch isekela) ukukhupha uxinzelelo lomhlaba kwibhola lonyawo. Iziphakamiso zethenwa zinganikwa, njengesihlangu esikhwankqile okanye isihlangu esisezantsi. Isihlangu esisezantsi sifana nesihlangu esikhonkcelayo, ngokuba zombini sinomgca ovalwe owehlisa uxinzelelo phantsi kwezwane.
Ity Toe
Inzondo yeTurf yenzelwa ukulimala okunxulumene nemidlalo, kunye ne-samoiditis ibonakaliswe ngentlungu ephantsi kwezandla ezinkulu. Intlungu ibangelwa yintlambo, eyingozi okanye iinyembezi kwi-ligament kwizwane.
Igama le-turf leza livela kwikhonkco phakathi kwale nzakalo kunye nemidlalo edlalwa kwiingqungquthela zokudlala, ezifana nebhola lebhola. Ukulimala kwenzeka xa inzwane ikhuthazelela amandla amaninzi ngelixa iguquguqukayo, njengokuba umgijimi ekhupha kwizwane ezinkulu xa esika kwaye eqhuba. Iimeko ze-turf ekhuni, izicathulo zezemidlalo , kunye nokuxinezeleka kwizandla ezisekuhlaleni zingabangela ukuba kubekho ukulimala.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokulimala, iimpawu ziquka into ethile yokuvuvukala, ukuguqulwa komzimba kunye nentlungu. Unyango lwezandla ze-turf ufana ne-samoiditis, ejolise ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo kwizinzwane ezinkulu ukudibana. Ngomngcipheko oqaqambileyo, iqhwa, ukuphakama, ukukhuselwa kweenyawo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iidonga ziyimfuneko. Ukulimala okungakumbi kunokuba kudingeke ukuba kuhanjiswe kwizinyango zonyango.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Orthopedic Surgeons. IArthritis yeLinya kunye neAnkle.
> I-American Academy ye-Orthopedic Surgeons. Inzondo enkulu (iHallux Rigidus).
> Becker MA. Imfundo yesineke: iGout (Ngaphandle kweZiseko). Ku: U-UpToDate, i-Dalbeth N (Ed), UpToDate, i-Waltham, MA.
> Doherty M, Abhishek A. Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-osteoarthritis. Ku: UpToDate, Hunter D (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Fields KB. Ukuvavanya nokuxilongwa kwezizathu eziqhelekileyo zentlungu yonyawo kubantu abadala. Ku: U-UpToDate, u-Eiff P (u-Ed), UpToDate, i-Waltham, MA.