Uphando lukhuthaza ukuba yi-Autoimmune Disorder
I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) syndrome ine-neurological, iso, indlebe kunye neempawu zesikhumba. Uphando lubonisa ukuba kungenxa yokuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo apho umzimba uhlasela amatye aphilileyo anesifo se-melanin ye-pigment. I-VKH syndrome ayifishani ixesha elide lobomi, kodwa iinguqu ezisoloko zitshintshiweyo kunye nesikhumba zingabangela.
Ayaziwa ukuba kaninzi kangakanani i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome eyenziwa kwihlabathi lonke.
Iyenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantu base-Asiya, amaMerika aseMelika, amaLatin America, okanye amafa aseMpuma Mpuma. Iingxelo ezishicilelweyo ze-VKH syndrome zibonisa ukuba kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubasetyhini nangaphezu kwamadoda, kwaye iimpawu zayo zingaqala nanini na ubudala.
Iimpawu
Ngaphambi kokuba i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada isifo sesifo, abantu bavame ukufumana iimpawu ezinjengeentloko, i-vertigo, isicupunu, intamo eqinile, ukuhlanza , kunye ne-fever-grade-grade for days. Ezi zimpawu azithethi ngqo kwi-VKH syndrome kwaye ingafunyanwa njengentsholongwane ye- viral okanye i- influenza . Yintoni eyahlukana ngayo i-VKH syndrome ephuma "kumkhuhlane" kukuqala kweempawu zamehlo ezifana nombono ophazamisayo onobukrakra, intlungu kunye nobuzwe bokukhanya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-VKH syndrome inezigaba ezintathu: isigaba se-meningoencephalitis, isigaba se-ophthalmic-auditory, kunye nesigaba se-convalescent.
Kwisigaba se- meningoencephalitis , iimpawu ezinjenge-static weakness muscle, intloko, ukulahlekelwa kwesisundu kumzimba omnye (i-hemiparesis okanye i-hemiplegia), intlungu edibeneyo (i-dysarthria), kunye nobunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda ulwimi (aphasia) kwenzeka.
Kwisigaba se- ophthalmic-auditory , iimpawu ezifana nombono onqabileyo, intlungu, kunye neentlungu ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-iris (iridocyclitis) kunye ne-uvea (uveitis). Iimpawu zophicotho-zincwadi zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuva, ukukhalaza indlebe (i-tinnitus), okanye utywala.
Kwinqanaba le- convalescent , iimpawu zamagqabi ezinjengeempawu ezikhanyayo okanye ezimhlophe zombala kwizinwele, iilusi, okanye i-eyelashes (i-poliosis), ukukhanya okukhanyayo okanye okumhlophe kwesikhumba (vitiligo), kunye nokulahleka kweenwele (alopecia).
Iimpawu zesikhumba zihlala ziqala iiiveki okanye iinyanga emva kokuba umboniso kunye neempawu zokuvalelwa ziqale.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngenxa yokuba i-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome ayifumanekanga, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kudinga ukubonisana neengcali. Akukho luvavanyo oluthile lwe-syndrome, ngoko ukuxilongwa kusekelwe kwiimpawu ezikhoyo kunye neziphumo zovavanyo. I- neurologist iya kwenza ukugqithwa kwe-lumbar ukuhlolisisa i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) malunga neenguqu eziphathekayo ze-VKH syndrome. I-ophthalmologist iya kwenza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwamehlo ukujonga u-uveitis. I- dermatologist iza kuthatha isampuli yesikhumba (i-biopsy) malunga nenyanga emva kokuba iimpawu zamehlo ziqala ukujonga utshintsho lwesimo se-VKH syndrome, njengokungabikho kwe-pigment (i-melanin) ekukhanyeni okanye kumhlophe olumhlophe olusesikhumba.
I-American Uveitis Society incoma ukuba ezi-3 zezi zilandelayo zilandelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome:
- iridocyclitis kumabini omabili, kunye ne-uveitis
- iimpawu zeengqondo okanye utshintsho oluthile kwi-CSF
- iimpawu zesikhumba ze-polio, i-vitiligo, okanye i-alopecia
Unyango
Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emehlweni, i-corticosteroids njenge-prednisone inikwe. Ukuba oku kungasebenzi kakuhle, iziyobisi ezinjenge-azathioprine (Imuran) okanye i-cyclophosphamide (i-Cytoxan, Neosar) isenokusetyenziswa.
Izibonakaliso zesikhumba ziphathwa ngendlela yokuphulukiswa kwe-vitiligo, enokubandakanya i-phototherapy, i-corticosteroids, okanye i-ointments.
Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokonyango lwe-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome kunceda ukunqanda ukuguquka kombono ongapheliyo njengama-glaucoma kunye ne-cataract. Utshintsho lwesikhumba lungasigxina, nangona unyango, kodwa ukuva kuvame ukubuyiswa kubantu abaninzi.
> Imithombo:
I-Choczaj-Kukula, A. (2005). I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. eMedicine, kufumaneka kwi http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic739.htm
Funda, i-RW (2003). I-American Uveitis Society: I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Izifo.