Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zithetha enye into emdlalweni
I-Adenopathy (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lymphadenopathy) ibhekisela kwi- lymph nodes eziye zanda okanye zivuvuka ngenxa yentsholongwane, eyona nto ibangela kakhulu, okanye ngenxa yeminye imiba yempilo, njengengxaki yokuzimela ngokwasemzimbeni okanye umhlaza .
Ngomdlavuza, ukunyuka kwamanzi kungabangelwa yintlungu eqala kwii-lymph nodes ngokwazo. Iyakwenzeka kwakhona xa umhlaza usasazeka (i- metastasizes ) ukusuka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ukuya kwi-lymph nodes.
I-Lymph System
Umzimba wakho unesimiso se- lymphatic esineempahla zelfini, i-lymphatic fluid kunye ne-lymph nodes. Uthungelwano lweempahla zelfini zithwala i-lymph fluid kuwo wonke umzimba. Olu lukhuni, phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi yalo, luqokelela iimveliso ezinkunkuma kunye nezifo ezinokubangela izifo (ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya) ekuhambeni kwayo ngeengxube.
I-lymph nodes zincinci, izitho ezinobumba ezivelisa kwaye zigcina iiseli zegazi (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytes) ezikunceda ukulwa nesifo kunye nesifo. Kukho ama-600 ala manqaku atholakala kuwo wonke umzimba. Inendima yabo ephambili kukucoca inkunkuma kwi-lymphatic fluid. Njengoko benza njalo, umkhosi we-lymphocytes uhlose ukunciphisa nayiphi na i-agent engaphandle.
Nangona ezinye i-lymph nodes zitholakala ngokungaqhelekanga-kwi-groin, i-armpit, nentamo, umzekelo-ezinye ziphantsi kakhulu emzimbeni, ezifana nesifuba okanye isisu.
Ngethuba lokusuleleka okanye ukulimala, i-lymph nodes ziyavuvukala kwaye ithenda.
Xa oku kwenzeka, ukunyuswa kwamanzi kungathatha iifom ezininzi:
- Ingaba yindawo ehlala kuyo (eyenzeka kwindawo enye yomzimba), emacaleni amabini (kumacala omabini omzimba), okanye ngokubanzi (okwenzeka kuwo wonke umzimba).
- Kungaba nzima (kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza kwaye kusombulule ngokukhawuleza) okanye okungapheliyo (okuqhubekayo).
- Inokuthi ibonakaliswe yindawo yokuhlala, njengentsimbi entlangeni (umlomo wesibeleko), ukuvuthwa (inguinal), isifuba (i-mediastinal), izibilini (i-axillary), okanye isisu (i-mesenteric).
I-Adenopathy yeMhlaza
Intsholongwane ye-Cancer iyigama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes ngenxa yomhlaza. Amagciwane aqala kwii-lymph nodes abizwa ngokuba yi- lymphoma . Iimbini ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ziyiHodgkin lymphoma okanye engekho iHodgkin lymphoma . Nganye iziphatha kwaye ikhula ngokuhlukileyo, kodwa zombini ivela kwi-lymphocytes ngokwayo. I-Adenopathy yinto enye yezixhobo zezi zifo.
Okuqhelekileyo, ukuxilwa komhlaza kuyakuba khona xa isifo esiswini somzimba (esaziwa njenge-tumor yokuqala) sisasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ukudala izicubu ezintsha. I-lymph nodes yimizimba echaphazelekayo kakhulu.
Unomdlavuza njani Usasazeka NgamaLymph Nodes
Xa i-tumor idibanisa, amangqamuzana omhlaza uyahlukana kunye ne-tumor yokuqala kwaye asasaze kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngokusebenzisa i-circulatory (blood) system okanye inkqubo ye-lymphatic.
Xa iiseli zigazini, zitshatyalaliswa ekuhambeni kwegazi kuze zifikeleleke kwindawo ethile, ngokuqhelekileyo i-capillary. Ukusuka kweli nqanaba, iseli inokungena kwidonga le-capillary kwaye yenze i-tumor entsha apho ifike khona.
Into efana nento eyenzekayo kunye ne-lymphatic system. Kule meko, iiseli zomhlaza ziyaphula kwaye zihanjiswe kwi-lymph nodes apho zihlangene khona.
Nangona ama-nodes aya kuphendula ngokuhlaselwa kwamagciwane, ezinye zeeseli zomhlaza ziza kusinda zenze i-tumor entsha.
Kodwa yilapho imvelaphi ikhoyo: Ngokungafani nenkqubo yokujikeleza, enokuthi ithwale amangqamuzana omhlaza malunga nantoni nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba, ukuhanjiswa komdlavuza ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-lymphism kunyanzelekile. Iimbalo eziseduze ne-tumor ziza kuba zichaphazelekayo kuqala. Ukusuka apho, iiseli ezongezelelweyo zingasuka kwaye zihambele kwiindawo ezikude kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Ngenxa yendlela i-lymph nodes echaphazelekayo ngayo, oogqirha baya kubajonga rhoqo ukuba babone ukuba umhlaza usuqale ukusasazeka kwaye, ukuba kunjalo, kangakanani.
Indlela i-Adenopathy ifunyenwe ngayo
Ukwandiswa kwama-lymph nodes angabonakaliyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlolwe ngokuhlolwa kweemvelo. Ukujonga iimvavanyo ezifana ne- computed tomography (CT) izicatshulwa zingasetyenziselwa, ngakumbi i-lymph nodes kwisifuba okanye esiswini.
Ukongezelela, ugqirha unokuyalela i-lymph node biopsy. I-biopsy ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kweethambo ze-lymph node zokuhlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuba sibone ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwi-tumor yokuqala okanye kwiimeko apho i-lymphoma ikhunjulwa khona.
I-biopsy inokuthi iyenziwe ngokukhangela i-node okanye, ngokungaqhelekanga, ngokususa iiseli zisebenzisa inqubo engaphantsi yongeniso ebizwa ngokuba yi-aspirate aspiration. Iziphumo ze-biopsy zibalulekile kuzo zombini ukuxilongwa kunye nesigxina somhlaza.
Indlela i-Adenopathy ichaphazela ngayo unyango lweCarcer
I-Adenopathy ngokwayo ayitshintshi inkqubo yomhlaza wonyango . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba neeseli zomhlaza kwii-lymph nodes zakho zinokuchaphazela unyango njengoko kuya kuzisa isigaba sesifo sakho.
Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wesigxina yinkqubo ye- TNM , esekelwe kumlinganiselo we-tumor (T), ubuninzi bokusasazeka kwi-lymph nodes (N), kunye nobukho be-metastasis (M). Ukuba akukho mhlaza okhoyo kwi-lymph node kufuphi ne-tumor, i-N iya kubelwa ixabiso le-0. Ukuba iindawo ezikufutshane okanye ezikude zibonisa umdlavuza, i-N iya kubelwa ixabiso le-1, 2, okanye-3 kuye ngokuthi:
- Zingaphi iindidi ezibandakanyekayo
- Apho iindawo zikhona
- Zizikhulu kangakanani ezi nodes
- Unomdla kangakanani kubo
Inkqubo ekhuthazwayo yonyango iya kunikwa ngokubanzi kwisiteji. I-stage iya kusetyenziswa ukubonelela i- ICD-10 yekhowudi , apho i-insurer yakho yezempilo izakusebenzisa ukuvuma unyango.
I-Adenopathy ne-Adenopathy
Azikho zonke i-adenopathies ezifanayo. Amanxeba anomhlaza ahlala ekhuni, engenabuhlungu, kwaye athatyathelwe ngokucacileyo kwiisisundu ezijikelezayo. I-Benign okanye i-lymph ne-non-cancerous i-lymph nodes, ngokuthe kancinane, iqhelekile kubuhlungu kwaye iyancipha ngobuninzi nangobuninzi njengoko isifo sisombulula.
Xa kuthethwa oko, awukwazi ukuxilonga imbangela yokunyuka kwezilwanyana ngokwezinto eziphathekayo yodwa. Kwezinye iimeko, njenge-node yomhlaza ingacinezela kwisigulane esiseduze kwaye ibangela intlungu. Kwabanye, i-node enobuhlungu ingaba nzima kwaye ingenabuhlungu (njengalezo ezinokuthi zenzeke nge- lymphadenopathy eqhubekayo ebonakalayo kwi-HIV).
Ngaba Ndinayo I-Cancer Ukuba Ndiye Ndavutha I-Lymph Nodes?
I-Adenopathy yimiqondiso engeyiyo leyo engabangelwa naliphi na inani lezinto. Ngokwalo, i-adenopathy ayinayo ixabiso lokuxilonga. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunoko, nangona kunjalo, i-adenopathy iya kubangelwa usulelo kunokuba ngumhlaza.
Xa kuthethwa oko, ukuba i-lymph node ziqhubeka zikhukhumele kunye / okanye zibe zikhulu, kufuneka ufune unyango. Ukuba sele sele ufumana unyango lomhlaza, cebisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana nayiphi na i-lymph nodes evuvukileyo kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Nieweg, O .; Uren, O .; kunye no-Thompson, J. "Imbali ye-Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy." Canc J. 2015; 12 (1); 3-6; INGXELO 10.1097 / PPO.0000000000000091.
> West, H. noJin, J. "I-Lymph Nodes kunye neLymphadenopathy kwiCarcer." JAMA Oncol. 2016; 2 (7): 971; INGXELO 10.1001 / jamaoncol.2015.3509.