Oko Kufuneka Ukwazi Ngaphambi, Ngexesha Nengemva Konyango
I-Chemotherapy (i-kee-mo-ther-apee ebizwa ngokuba yi-kee-mo-ther-apee) ziyizidakamizwa ezijolise kwaye zibulale amaseli ahlukanayo ngokukhawuleza, anjengeeseli zomhlaza. I-Chemotherapy inokulawulwa ngokubambisana nezinye izifo zonyango lomhlaza (ukuhlinzwa, i-radiation) okanye ngokwayo. Ugqirha wezokwelapha ( ugqirha wezonyango ) (ugqirha oyalela i-chemotherapy) uya kuthathelwa ingqalelo imiba emininzi xa ukhetha iindlela ezikhethileyo zokukhethwa kwe- chemotherapy , kubandakanywa nesigaba kunye nesigaba somhlaza wakho kunye nempilo yakho yempilo.
Indlela i-Chemotherapy Works
Iziyobisi ze-Chemotherapy zihamba emzimbeni wakho kwaye zibulale amaseli ahlula (ukukhula okanye ukuphinda) ngokukhawuleza. Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezahlula ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kweeseli zomhlaza , kubandakanye nezindlela zakho zesisu, iinwele, isikhumba kunye nepiki. Esi sizathu esona sizathu sokuba uninzi lweempembelelo zechemotherapy ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya iinwele, isikhumba, kunye nesondlo sesisu. Iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy azikwazi ukwahlula phakathi kweeseli ezinqabileyo ezihlulayo (iinwele) kunye neeseli zomhlaza (isisu) emzimbeni wakho, ngoko zibabulala bonke ngokuyeka ukujikeleza. Nangona kunjalo, iiseli eziphilileyo ezenzelwe ukuhlukana ngokukhawuleza (njengezinwele okanye izipikili) ziya kutshintshwa xa kugqitywa i-chemotherapy, ngokungafani neeseli zomhlaza ezibulewe.
Kutheni i-Stage Matters
Isigaba somdlavuza wakho wekoloni kunye nebakala liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqwalasela unyango lwakho.
Nangona i-regimen yonyango nganye yakhiwa ngokwamntu ngamnye, uninzi lwabantu abaneesigaba se-0 kunye ne- stage I i- colon cancers ayiyi kufuna i-chemotherapy.
Ugqirha unokuyalela i-chemotherapy, kunye nezinye iindlela zokwelapha (umbane, ukuhlinzwa), kwisigaba se-II kunye nesigaba se-III somhlaza wekoloni . Ixesha lakho le-chemotherapy (ngaphambi okanye emva kokuhlinzwa okanye imisebe) kuxhomekeke kugqirha wakho.
Kwi- stage IV yomhlaza wekoloni, ugqirha unokuyalela i-chemotherapy ukukunceda ukuphucula iimpawu zakho okanye ukwandisa umgangatho kunye nobude bomntu.
I-Palliative, Adjuvant, okanye i-Primary?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezenza ukuba ugqirha wakho atyhuse i-chemotherapy ngaphandle kokucacileyo (ukunyanga umhlaza wekolon). Unako ukuyalela iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy ukubonelela nge-adjuvant (eyongeziweyo) uhlobo lwenyango, njengonophelo (unyango) unyango okanye njengendlela yokwenza unyango lokuqala.
Uncedo olusisigxina lwezonyango kwi-stage IV kunye ne- IV ye- metastatic I- IV ye-colon yomdlavuza inokufunyanwa ngokunciphisa izicubu kunye ne-chemotherapy agents, nokwandisa umgangatho wobomi nomhlaza.
I-chemotherapy ye-Adjuvant inikezelwa kunye nolunye uhlobo lwezonyango zokuziphatha, ezifana nokuhlinzwa. I-Chemotherapy ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlinzwa phambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlaziya isisu phambi kokugonywa , okanye emva kokuhlinzwa, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda .
I-chemotherapy eyimfuneko yanikezwa njengendlela yokwenza unyango kuphela kumhlaza wekoloni . Ukugqithiswa nokutshatyalaliswa yindlela eqhelekileyo yokonyango yomhlaza wekolon , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umntu ugula kakhulu okanye akanako ukumelana nokuhlinzwa.
Uninzi oluqhelekileyo lisebenzisa ama-Chemotherapy Agents
Iziyobisi ze-Chemotherapy zivela kwiifom ezibini eziphambili: ngomlomo nangomlomo.
Amachiza e-chemotherapy angenakudalwa anikezelwa ngumjovo nge-vein, kanti izidakamizwa zomlomo zonyango zinikezwa ngomlomo ngepilisi.
Uninzi lwamachiza e-chemotherapy olusisigxina lunikwa ngemijikelezo, elandelwa yithuba lokuphumla. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha impilo yakho, isigaba somdlavuza kunye nesigaba sakho somhlaza, iziyobisi zethemotherapy ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye neenjongo zonyango ukucingisisa ngelixa unquma ukuba zingaphi unyango olufanelekileyo. Emva kokuba i-chemotherapy iqaliswe, ugqirha wakho uya kuba nolwazi olungcono malunga nokuba uza kudinga ixesha elingakanani unyango olusekelwe kwimpendulo yomzimba wakho kwiyeza.
- 5-FU , Adrucil, Efudex, Fluoroplex (fluorouracil): Isetshenziselwa umdlavuza ophezulu, umdlavuza ophindaphindiweyo, kunye neekomhlaza ezingaphenduli kwezinye i-agents ze-chemotherapy.
- I-Eloxatin (i-oxaliplatin): Isetyenziselwa umdlavuza ophakamileyo, umdlavuza ophindaphindiweyo , okanye kumdlavuza wesiqendu III emva kokuhlinzwa.
- I-Xeloda (capecitabine): Kuthathwa ngomlomo kwipilisi, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga umdlavuza wesiqendu III.
- I-Camptosar (i-irinotecan, i-irinotecan hydrochloride): Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-metastatic canceristal cancer, ngakumbi ezo ezingaphenduliyo kwezinye iifomotherapy.
- I-Wellcovorin (Leucovorin Calcium): Kuthathwe ngomlomo, le nkunkuma inceda ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezinobungozi kwi-agent e-chemotherapy ezinamandla, ezinjenge-5-FU, kodwa ayikho i-agent ye-chemotherapy.
Ngamanye amaxesha isifo somdlavuza we-Stage III ne-IV siphathwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwee-agents ze-chemotherapy, ezinokubandakanya i-FOLFIRI, i-FOLFIRI-B, i-XELOX, ne-FOLFOX. Amagama ukuhlanganiswa kwezibhenkco zee-chemotherapy ezibandakanya ukudibanisa.
- FOLFIRI = Leucovorin calcium + fluorouracil + i-Irinotecan hydrochloride
- IFOLFIRI-B = Leucovorin calcium + fluorouracil + i-Irinotecan hydrochloride + i-Bevacizumab
- XELOX = Xeloda + oxaliplatin
- FOLFOX = Leucovorin calcium + fluorouracil + oxaliplatin
Ngaba Ndiya Kufuna iPort?
Ichweba kuyisistim esenziwe ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba oogqirha kunye nabongikazi basebenzise ukufikelela kwiimvini zakho ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ezinokukunceda ukunciphisa ukonakala kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemithanjeni yakho yomda ngexesha lotyando lwexesha elide. Amathangathi kunye nemigca ephakathi kusetyenziswa xa i-chemotherapy inikezwa ngokuqhubekayo, njengopompo lokumnika.
Ichwethi okanye umgca wecala awucetywanga kuwo wonke umntu, njengenkqubo yokucwangcisa eneengozi, ezifana nokuphuma kwegazi, ukusuleleka, kunye nokungasebenzi. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba isigqibo (kwimeko-ngamatyala) ukuba ungumgqatswa kumgca ophakathi okanye ukufakwa kwefowuni. Ukuba ngaba ifowuni yesiseko isingeniswa, oogqirha bakho nabahlengikazi baya kuyisebenzisa ukulawula iziyobisi zonyango. Ukuba awunayo umgca ophakathi okanye i-port, umongikazi uza kufaka i-catheter e-intravenous ngaphambi kweseshoni nganye yekhemotherapy .
Ndiya kuphi na unyango?
Uninzi lwe-chemotherapy administration lwenzeka ngqo kwiofisi yakho ye-oncologist okanye kwiziko le-oncology centre. Ugqirha wakho unokuba neefowuni ezahlukeneyo; zama ukufumana indawo esondele kakhulu kwikhaya lakho ukucima nayiphi na inkxalabo yokuhamba.
Iimpawu eziPhakathi kunye neengozi
Mhlawumbi ingcamango yokuqala engena engqondweni yakho emva kokuva ilizwi elithi chemotherapy liyi- side effects yeempembelelo oya kuhlangabezana nayo. Iziyobisi ze-Chemotherapy zinamandla yaye ziza kunye neloluhlu olude lweziphumo ezibi. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho kunye nabahlengikazi baqeqeshwe ukuba balindele le miphumo kwaye bangakunceda ukuba unciphise kulo lonke unyango lwakho. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zemiphumo yechemotherapy zingaquka:
- Isihlunu, ukuhlanza okanye urhudo
- Ukuphelelwa kwesidlo
- Ukuphunga isikhumba, i-blisters okanye ukuzwela kwelanga
- Ixabiso legazi eliphantsi (i-neutropenia)
- I-Lethargy kunye nokudinwa
- Izilonda zomlomo
- Ubungqina okanye ukubetha ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukuvulela ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukungahambi kakuhle kwiintanda kunye nezifo
Ukunciphisa iziphumo zecala
Ugqirha kunye nabongikazi bakho baya kukunceda nangayiphi na imiphumo emibi echaphazelekayo yi-chemotherapy. Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenzela zona - unendima enkulu ekugcineni impilo yakho nenhlalakahle ngexesha le-chemotherapy ngokuphumla, ukutya okunomsoco kunye nococeko olufanelekileyo . Khumbula ukuba:
- Suck kwi-ice chips ngexesha le-chemotherapy (ukunciphisa umlwelwe emlonyeni emva koko)
- Sebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlamba izandla ngezikhathi zonke
- Hlala kude nemithombo yentsholongwane (izitishi ezininzi, izikolo) ukuba kunokwenzeka
- Yidla amancinane, ukutya okunomsoco rhoqo
- Hlala u-hydrated ngamanzi amaninzi
- Ukuphumla xa kufuneka - gcina amandla akho
- Thetha ugqirha malunga neendlela zokulawula isicarucu kunye nesifo sohudo
- Jonga ngeempawu zentsholongwane kwaye ubaxelele ugqirha wakho
Ukuthetha noDokotela wakho
Kuqhelekile ukuba ube nemibuzo emalunga nonyango lwakho lomhlaza wekoloni. Iinkqubo ezininzi ze-oncology zinika iseshoni yemfundo malunga nekhemotherapy ekhokelwa ngumongikazi oncology ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Cinga ngale mibuzo ngaphambi kokuba kuqeshwe ugqirha olandelayo:
- Iyintoni injongo yam unyango kunye ne-chemotherapy ? (i-palliative, yokwelapha, ihlambalaza phambi kokuhlinzwa)
- Ngaba i-chemotherapy iya kuba yindlela yokuqala yokonyango?
- Ndiyiphi i-agent ye-chemotherapy engayifumanayo? Umlomo okanye u-intravenous?
- Iyintoni ingozi yomhlaza wam emva kokubuya emva kwekhemotherapy?
- Ndiza kube nini e-chemotherapy?
- Zingaphi kangangeveki ndiza kufuneka i-chemotherapy?
- Ngaba ndiyakwazi ukusebenza?
- Ngaba ndiza kufuna umntu ukuba ndiqhube kum kwaye uye kunyango?
- Ziziphi iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nalo hlobo lwe-chemotherapy?
- Ucwangcisa njani ukunciphisa iziphumo zecala? (unyango, imfundo)
- Yintoni endiyilindele xa unyango?
- Ndifanele ndibize nini? (umkhuhlane, ukunyuka)
- Ingaba i-inshurensi yam iya kugcina zonke iindleko
Bhala phantsi imibuzo yakho kunye naziphi na iinkxalabo ezitsha eziphuhlisayo. Thetha ugqirha wakho kunye nabahlengikazi rhoqo kunyango lwakho - bangabakhonza bakho kulo mlo.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. (nd). Iimfundiso ze-Chemotherapy: Ingxoxo ejulile.
American Cancer Society. (2006). I-American Cancer Society's Guide epheleleyo yeCrorectal Cancer . Clifton Fields, NE: I-American Cancer Society.
National Cancer Institute. (Disemba 2011). Izidakamizwa ezivunyelwe iColon neRectal Cancer.
Lange, V. (2009). Yiba nguMsindisi. Isikhokelo soNyango lweCrorectal Cancer . (4th ed.). Los Angeles: I-Lange Productions.