Ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nabaMakhweli beMpawu
Enye yeendlela ezilula ukulandelela ezinye iisomhlaza zenziwa ngophando lwegazi olulula olubizwa ngokuba yi-test marker marker. Ukuba khona kwamanye amachiza okunokuthi kuqinisekiswe ngamaprotheni athile aphuma egazini. Ezi proteyini ziyi -marker . I-Carcinoembryonic antigen (i-CEA) yiprotheni edibene neengcingo zomdlavuza .
Ngamnye wethu une-CEA encinane kwigazi lethu.
Ukuba khona kwale prothini egazini yodwa akuthethi ukuba unomdlavuza wekoloni. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-CEA alukwazi ukusetyenziswa ukuhlolisisa umdlavuza , kuphela ukulandelela umdlavuza emva kokuxilongwa . Ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uhlolisise igazi lakho kule antigen xa ufumene unyango. Ukuba inani eliphakamileyo le-CEA lifunyenwe kwigazi lakho ngelo xesha, ugqirha wakho angayisebenzisa ukujonga impendulo yakho kwonyango kwaye ubukele ukuphindaphinda nokuhlolwa kwegazi elizayo.
Iziphumo ezintle zobuxoki - iziphumo eziphakamileyo kodwa zingabonakali ukukhula komhlaza - zinokuthi zenzeke nge-CEA. Enye yezona zinto ezibangela ukufundwa ngokukhawulezileyo kukunyango lwe- chemotherapy . Ngexesha le-chemotherapy, iziyobisi kufuneka zijolise kwaye zibulale amaseli omhlaza . Njengoko la maseli afe, i-CEA ikhishwa kwigazi kwaye ihlala iphakanyisiwe kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokonyango.
Uninzi lweeMpawu zeMpawu
Iinqanaba ze-CEA zinokuphakanyiswa kwaye zibonakalise ukuphindaphinda komhlaza okanye ukusasazeka (i- metastasis ) kwenye indawo kwindawo yakho.
Amanqanaba acingwa aphezulu xa abonisa ngaphezu kweenanogram ezi-3 nge-milliliter (ng / ml) kwaye ziphezulu kakhulu xa zingaphezulu kwama-5 ng / ml. Ngaphandle kokubonisa ukukhula okanye ukumelana nomdlavuza omnyama , amanqanaba aphezulu e-CEA angasetyenziselwa ukukhangela umdlavuza okanye i-metastasis ye:
- Ibindi
- Isisu
- Thyroid
- Pancreas
- Prostate
- Cervix
- Bladder
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zee cancer zineenkcukacha ezicacileyo ngakumbi zokumakhwala ezinxulumene nazo. Ngokomzekelo, ummakishi-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) udibene nomdlavuza wesibindi kunye ne-marker ye- prostate-specific antigen (PSA) . Ugqirha wakho akayisebenzisi ummori wodwa-uya kudibanisa iziphumo zakho zokuvavanya igazi kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuxilonga, ezifana nempilo yakho yonke, impendulo kwonyango, kunye neemvavanyo zokucinga, ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-computed tomography (CT) okanye magnetic iziphumo ze-imaging (IMRI).
Omnye umakishi onokuthi, obizwa ngokuba yi- epidermal growth receptor (EGFR), ukhona kuzo zonke iseli kwaye ubancedise ukuba bakhule. Ezinye i-Cancer zibonakalisa i-EGFR esebenza kakuhle , oko kuthetha ukuba banokuthi banokungena kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uvile ngezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi- biomarker yee-tumor tumors tumors. Omnye umthombo wendalo ufumana ukugqithwa ngumzimba we-KRAS; ngokwe-National National Comprehensive Cancer Network, abantu abangama-40% abanomdlavuza wekolon baya kuba ne-KRAS gene mutation. Ugqirha unokuvavanya izicubu kwi-tumor yakho ye-colon ngenxa yolu tshintsho, olunokukunceda ugqirha ukulungiselela isicwangciso sonyango sakho kwisifo sakho somhlaza wekoloni .
I-CA 19-9 yaqatshelwa njengendlela yokumisa i-tumor ye-cancer ye-colorectal kwixesha elidlulileyo kodwa ngoku iqakatheke ngakumbi kwi-pancreatic nezinye i-canceres digestive. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho usenokukhetha ukuvavanya igazi lakho kwiimilinganiselo eziphakamileyo ze-CA 19-9 kunye novavanyo lwe-CEA.
Ukufumana uVavanyo
Akufanele ulungiselele okanye uzilawule phambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngomhla wokuvavanywa kwakho, isampuli yegazi encinci iya kutsalwa kwenye yeemvini ezinkulu kwiengalo okanye isandla sakho. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yinto efanelekileyo yokuba nebhubhorari efanayo yenza iimvavanyo zakho zokuphinda i-CEA, kuba ukulinganisa kunye nezixhobo ziyahlukahluka kwibhulebhu kwibhuyibhile. Xa ugqirha wakho efumana iziphumo ze-CEA, unokuxoxa nabo kunye nokucacisa indlela abanokuthi (okanye angenako) ukuchaphazela isicwangciso sakho sokonyango .
Ngaphandle komdlavuza, abaphawuli bamathambo banokuphakanyiswa ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. I- American Cancer Society ithi abantu abavuthayo okanye abane-pancreatitis, isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary pulmonary (COPD) okanye nokuba i-hepatitis inokuphakamisa amanqanaba e-CEA ngaphandle kobukho bomhlaza.
Iimvavanyo zokulandela
Unokuba novavanyo lweempawu zokumangalisa i-tumor, ngokukodwa ukuba uphakamise amanqanaba e-CEA xa ufumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza. Ukuba amanqanaba e-CEA ahlaya emva kokuphefumula kwe-chemotherapy okanye ukuhlinzwa kwezilwanyana , koko kutshaya kwakhona kwixesha elizayo, kunokubonisa ukuba umhlaza wabuyela. Uchungechunge lweziphumo zokuvavanya lubonisa ngakumbi kunomphumo omnye.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. (2006). I-American Cancer Society's Guide epheleleyo yeCrorectal Cancer . Clifton Fields, NE: I-American Cancer Society.
American Cancer Society. (nd). AbakwaMator Markers basebenzisa njani?
Lano, uCharlene. (Novemba 2009). EGFR Blockers & Colorectal Cancer: I-KRAS Testing Confirmed, Kodwa Imibuzo Entsha. I-Oncology Times, 31. i-doi: 10.1097 / 01.COT.0000364239.69157.69.
National Cancer Institute. (nd). Amakhwala aMandla.
INational Cancer Network Network. (2012). Izikhokelo ze-NCCN zezigulane. ICaron Cancer.