Ngubani Owenza Ingqungqungqumbo Yengculaza Echaphazela Ngaphezulu-Amadoda Nabafazi?
Xa kuza kumdlavuza wamaphaphu, ilizwi elithi, "Amadoda avela kuMars kunye nabasetyhini bavela kuVenus," unyanisekileyo. Kukho umahluko phakathi kwendlela amadoda nabesetyhini abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu kunye nokuphendula kwabo kunyango.
Ezi ntlukwano zinceda ukuqaphela ngakumbi xa abafazi bebukela iinkcukacha malunga nomdlavuza wemiphunga yemiphunga. Izibalo zivame ukuhlenga amadoda kunye nabasetyhini ndawonye, kodwa kubafazi, amathuba okuphila aphezulu kumazinga onke esi sifo.
Siqala ukufunda indlela iimpembelelo zemvelo kunye ne-hormonal zidlala ngayo indima ekuphuhliseni umhlaza wamaphaphu kwaye yintoni enokuchaza le ntlukwano. Amadoda nabasetyhini bahluke njani ekuphuhliseni, kunye nokuphendula, umhlaza womphunga? Makhe sibone.
Isiganeko
Umdlavuza womlenze yiyona nto ibangela umdla wokufa komhlaza kubasetyhini baseUnited States, kubangele ukufa okuphindwe kabini njengomdlavuza webele. Isiganeko somdlavuza wamaphaphu sikhulu kunamadoda kunabasetyhini, kodwa abafazi bayabamba. Ngo-2015 kwaqikelelwa ukuba amadoda angama-117 920 kunye nabafazi abangama-106,470 baya kufumana umhlaza womphunga.
Ukutshaya
Ngokungafani namadoda, ipesenti enkulu yabasetyhini abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu abazange bavume kwaye phantse ama-20 ekhulwini lomdlavuza wemiphunga kubasetyhini abakho kwiindawo ezingapheliyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, kucatshangelwa ukuba ngaba-1 kwabangu-12 abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ababhekiyo.
Kuzo zombini, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uninzi lwabantu abafumene umdlavuza wamaphaphu namhlanje abangabhemi.
Kunoko, abaninzi abantu abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu basakuba ngabokutshaya okanye abatshwenyeliyo kunokuba batshaya.
Omnye ngokuphathelele umba kukuba umdlavuza wemiphunga kwabangabhemi uyanda. Oku akubanga ngenxa yenguqu kwizinga, kodwa ukwanda okwenene kwimeko yesifo somhlaza kumaphaphu angabhemi .
Ubudala
Abasetyhini bavame ukuba bancinci, ngoomyinge weminyaka emibini, ngexesha lokuxilongwa kunamadoda.
Nangona umyinge wesigaba somhlaza wamaphaphu kwabasetyhini kuphela nje, kunabesifazane abaselula abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunabaselula.
Umdlavuza wamangcwaba kubantu abadala abasanda kuba ngumhlaza womphunga kumadoda asebekhulile-kwaye ukwanda kwenyuka ngokukodwa kumancinci, abesifayeli abangabhemi. Izifundo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo zibonisa ukuba i- estrogen ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwemiphunga yamaphaphu enokuthi ilandele ixesha lokuqala lokuxilongwa kwabasetyhini.
Izinto zobungozi
Ezinye iingcamango zibonisa ukuba abafazi banomdla kakhulu kwii- carcinogen kwiigayibethi kwaye bavelise umdlavuza wamaphaphu emva kweminyaka embalwa yokutshaya. Olunye uphando alubonakali mngcipheko wongomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasetyhini abavuthayo kumadoda abhema.
Kuye kwaba nombono wokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu uqhelekileyo kubasetyhini abangabhiyozeli kunamadoda angabhiyi, kodwa oku akubonakali kwimeko kwizifundo zakutshanje. Nangona ipesenti yabasetyhini abangafuni ukutshaya imiphunga yamaphaphu iphakamileyo kunamadoda, abafazi ababonakali banomdla ngakumbi kwezinye izifo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwaye oku kwenzeka ukuba kubangelwa inani eliphakamileyo lamadoda ngokubhekisele kwabasetyhini belixesha elidlulileyo.
Iintlobo
Abasetyhini banakho amathuba okuba nemiphunga ye-adenocarcinoma kunezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga. Isiganeko se-lung adenocarcinoma sanda kwindoda, kodwa amadoda angaphezu kwamabhinqa ukuhlakulela i-squamous cell carcinoma yamaphaphu kunye nomhlaza wesifo somnxeba omncinci.
UkuLinganiswa kweMelecular / Testing Gene
Abasetyhini banako ukufumana utshintsho lwezofuzo ezichazwe kumhlaza wabo kunamadoda. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwindlela ezininzi zokwelapha ezinjenge- EGFR , i-ALK, kunye ne-ROS ukulungiswa-okujoliswe kulo utshintsho oluthile lomzimba. Kunconywa ukuba wonke umntu onomdlavuza wesifo somnxeba ongeyomncinci unesiprofayili somfuziselo (i-molecular profiling) eyenziwa kwiimvumba zawo, kodwa oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubasetyhini ngesi sizathu.
Unyango
Abasetyhini baphendulile imbali embalwa imithi yokwenza imiphunga yamaphaphu engcono kunamadoda. Enye yezilwanyana ezijoliswe kuzo , i-Tarceva (erlotinib), ibonakala iphinda iphumelele ngakumbi kubafazi-ingakumbi abasetyhini abaselula.
Ukusinda
Abasetyhini banako ukusukela kumdlavuza wamaphapha kuzo zonke izigaba zesifo. Le nzuzo yokuphila phezu kwamadoda ibaluleke kakhulu kwizifo zendawo, apho unyango olusenziwa ngumhlaza wamaphaphu lunika ithuba elikhulu lokunyanga kwabasetyhini kunamadoda.
Thintelo
I-ounce yokuthintela ixabiso leyilungu leyeza. Kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo apho umdlavuza wemiphunga wamaphaphu unokungafani phakathi kwesini.
Ukususela kuma-80 ekhulwini lamanomdla emiphunga emaphandleni ahlobene nokubhema, ngokubaluleke kakhulu isinyathelo esibalulekileyo kubasetyhini kunye namadoda angathatha ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuyeka ukutshaya. Umdlavuza womlenze uyenzeka kwabasetyhini abangabhiyiyo kumaphesenti amakhulu kunamadoda, kodwa amaninzi alawa amanye ama-exposed, afana ne- radon ekhaya, ayanqandwa, nawo.
ILizwi
Nangona kukho ukungafani kobulili xa kufike kumdlavuza wamaphaphu, umba omnye ufana: uhlazo. Ukuphakamisa ukuqonda ukuba umhlaza wamaphaphu uvela kumadoda, amabhinqa kunye nabaselula kuba indlela evulekileyo yokuvula amehlo karhulumente, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ungadala naluphi na ukwahlula ngexesha elinye.
Umphakathi womdlavuza wamaphaphu uphumelele, ngokuyinxalenye, kuba la maqela awazange abe khona. Kunokuba luncedo ukubonisa ezinye zale ngxabano yesini, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbuza konke umntu unokufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye wonke umntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu ubalulekile.
Imithombo:
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Xiao, D., Pan, H., Li, F. et al. Uhlalutyo lwenkqubo elandeleleneyo ekujoliswe kuyo ibonisa ukuba umthwalo wokuguquka komzimba unxulumene nesini kunye nesiphumo seklinikhi kwi-lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget . 2016 uMatshi 19.