I-Acne yimeko yesikhumba echaphazela abantu abangama-80% abaseneminyaka engama-20 ubudala, kunye no-5% abadala abadala. Ngelixa abaninzi abantu bahlaselwa kwi-acne ngaphandle kwemiphumo engapheliyo, abanye abantu bashiywe ngokutshatyalaliswa izicukutho ze-acne. Kukho iimveliso zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kunye neyeza ezinokuphucula ukukhawuleza okunyamekayo, kodwa amaninzi amacwecwe e-acne aphathwa ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zokugonywa kunye nokuvelisa isikhumba .
Iimvumba zangaphambili ze-Acne
Emva kokuba i-acne lesion iphilise, ingashiya uphawu olubomvu okanye oluxubileyo elukhumbeni. Oku akuyiyo inqabana, kodwa kunoko utshintsho olusemva. Ubomvu okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwegazi kubonakala ngathi ulusu luhamba kwinkqubo yalo yokuphulukisa nokulungisa, okuthatha malunga neenyanga ezi-6-12. Ukuba akukho zilonda ze-acne zikhula kuloo ndawo, isikhumba singaphilisa ngokuqhelekileyo. Naluphina utshintsho lombala okanye i-defect yekhumba eqhubekayo emva komnyaka o-1 uthathwa njengesiphelo esingunaphakade okanye isiqhekeza.
Ukuthintela izikrakra zakuqala
Indlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela utshintsho olusukela emva kokutshabalala olubangelwa yinduna kukukhusela izilonda zamagciwane ukuba zenzeke. Oku kwenziwa ngokuqonda izizathu ezibangela i-acne kunye nokusebenzisa unyango olufanelekileyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-acne. Jonga amanqaku alandelayo ngolwazi olungakumbi malunga ne-acne edala kunye neyeza:
Ukunyangwa kweeCyrene zakudala
Utshintsho olusemva kokuvuvukala olubangelwa yi-acne luyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuphilisa yendalo. Kukho iinkqubo ezithile kunye nemichiza enokukunceda ukulungiselela le nkqubo yokuphilisa.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwelanga okungavikelekanga kubangele ukonakaliswa kakhudlwana kwesikhumba kunye nokulibazisa ukuphilisa, ngoko ke ukugqoka i- sunscreen enhle kubalulekile.
- Ukusebenzisa i-tretinoin (i-Retin-A, i-Renova, i-Avita) ikhawuleza inkqubo yokulungiswa kwesikhumba kwaye inceda ukuguqula utshintsho olusemva kokutshatyalaliswa.
- Iifom efanelekileyo ze- Alpha-Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) kunye ne- Beta-Hydroxy Acid (BHA) equlethe iinjongo ezichanekileyo kwaye zikwimeko efanelekileyo ye-pH inceda kwakhona inkqubo yokulungiswa kwesikhumba.
- Ukuthathwa kwi-scab kufanele kugwenywe kuzo zonke iindleko. Ifomu ye-Scabs ukukhusela inkqubo yokuphilisa eyenziwa phantsi kwayo. Ukukhupha i-scab ngaphambi kokuba ilungele inkqubo yokuphulukisa kunye nokulungiswa, ukwandisa ixesha apho utshintsho olushushu luya kubonakala.
Ama-antioxidants kunye neenguqu zokutshatyalaliswa kwangemva
Njengoko siqonda ngakumbi malunga nomonakalo wesikhumba kwi-free-radicals, kubonakala ukuba ukusebenzisa i-antioxidant kunokunceda ukuguqula utshintsho olusemva kokutshatyalaliswa okanye okanye izikrakra ezisigxina . Ngelishwa, akukho uphando lwezenzululwazi oluye lwabonisa ukuba nayiphi na yomlomo okanye i-antioxidant inqanda inqanda okanye iphilisa umonakalo wesikhumba. Njengoko kunjalo, i-Vitamin E, xa isetyenziselwa i-topically kwiipilisi zokuphilisa, iboniswe ukuba ibangele ingozi ngaphezu kokulungileyo. Njengoko uphando lwe-antioxidant luqhubeka, izazinzulu ziyakwazi ukufumana ukubunjwa okubuyisa ngokukhawuleza umonakalo wesikhumba, kodwa kude kube ngoko naziphi na izimangalo zokuhlengahlengiswa kwesikhumba ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisa i-antioxidants nje kuphela.
NgoJulayi 2001 uJacob et al ucebise indlela yokwenza ulwahlulo olunezintlu ezincedisayo ekuncedeni iinkqubo zonyango olufanelekileyo . Ngokwale nkqubo ye-acne, amacwecwe ahlelwa njengento engabonakaliyo, ukugqithisa, kunye nebhoksikali esekelwe kubonakala kwinqaba. Emva kokuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwe- Accutane yangaphambili, izibazi zesibhakabhaka zipakishwe kwaye isicwangciso sonyango esicwangcisiweyo senziwa.
Imiqhekeza ye-Acne - Icepick
Iicick iziqholo zincinci, izikrakra ezibukhali ezenza ukuba isikhumba sibonakale sigqitywe ngekhefu leqhwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo zincinci ngaphezu kwe-2 mm kwaye zandise kwi- dermis ejulile okanye ngaphantsi komgca. Iimboyi ze-Icepick zihlala zinzulu kakhulu ukuze zilungiswe ngesikhumba ukuvelisa unyango olunjenge-dermabrasion okanye i-laser resurfacing.
Amacwecwe e-Acne - Ibhokisi lebhokisi
Amacwecwe e-Boxcar ajikeleze ukutshitshiswa kwe-oval elineendonga ezibukhali. Ngokungafani namacwecwe e-ice pick, ayifaki ukuya kwindawo ephantsi. Amacwecwe angabonakaliyo ebhokisini yamabhoksi angama-0.1-0.5 mm ubukhulu kwaye aqheleke athathwe ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvelisa isikhumba. Izikriti ze-boxcarcar ezinkulu zi> 0.5 mm ubunzulu kwaye zifuna ubuchule bonyango obupheleleyo.
Iimvumba ze-Acne - Rolling
Imiba ehambayo ivela ngenxa ye-tethering yesikhumba esicacileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kwiisiski ezingaphantsi kwezantsi. Le nqubo inika isikhumba ukubonakala okanye ukubonakala kungenakwenzeka. Amagqabantshintshi aqhelekileyo okuvelisa isikhumba awasebenzi kwiindawo zokuqhawula . Kumele zilungiswe ngokuphula ii-band fibrous bands.
I-Acne Scar Treatment Emva kwe-Accutane
Ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kwonyango lweengcingo zentambo kukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwe-accutane
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa izikrakra ze-acne. Inkqubo nganye ineengozi kunye neenzuzo zayo, kwaye iinkqubo ezininzi zidibanisene ukudala isikhumba esikhanyayo. Nantsi ingxoxo emfutshane malunga neenkqubo zonyango ezisebenzayo.
Abagcini beeDermal
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuzalisa izidumbu ezinokuthi zijojowe kwiimvalo ze-acne zokuphakamisa umbala wesikhumba kwaye zenze ibukeka kakuhle. Imizekelo yezizalisi ezidumileyo zinamafutha, i-collagen ye-bovine, i-collagen yabantu, i- hyaluronic acid derivatives , kunye ne-polytheyl-methacrylate microspheres kunye ne-collagen. Ukujova kwezi zixhobo akuyi kulungiswa ngokusisigxina imivumba ye-acne, i-injections efunekayo.
Punch Excision
Le ndlela yokulungiswa ngokugqithisileyo izikram ze-acne zisetyenziselwa kwizikrakra ezinzulu ezifana nokukhethwa kweqhwa kunye neengcingo zebhokisi. Le nkqubo isebenzisa i-punch biopsy ithuluzi elisezantsi, isixhobo esibukhali "se-cookie-cutter" esiza kwi diameter esukela kwi-1.5 mm ukuya kwi-3.5 mm. Ubungakanani be sixhobo buhambelana nobukhulu besiqabana ukufaka iindonga zesibalo. Ngaphantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo, inqabile ixutywe nge sixhobo se-punch kunye nesikhumba se-sutured ndawonye. Ekugqibeleni i-scar scarctivated and scarce is not visible. Ukuba kukhangeleka, kulungelelaniswa ngoku ngokucwangcisa ubugcisa.
I-Punch Ukuxubusha Ne-Graft Replacement Replacement
Ngale ndlela, inqabile isetyenziswe ngesohlwayo se-punch apha ngasentla. Esikhundleni sokuba suturing kunye neengxowa zesikhumba kunye, isiphako sigcwaliswa nge-punch graft graft esithathwa emva kwendlebe. Ngalo mgaqo, umbala kunye nokwahlukana kwempahla kunokubonakala, kodwa ubuchule bokuvelisa isikhumba singasetyenziselwa iiveki ezi-4-6 emva kokuxhoma ukulungisa lo mmahluko.
Punch Elevation
Le ndlela yokulungisa izicukutho ze-acne isetyenziswe kwiimpawu ezixakekileyo zebhokisi zebhokisi ezinobungozi obude kunye neziseko eziqhelekileyo zokubonakala. Isixhobo esifanayo se-punch njengasentla sisetyenziselwa ukugqithisa isiseko senqabana eshiya iindonga zobunzima obunzima. Isiseko esisisiseko siphakanyiselwe phezulu kwesikhumba kwaye siqhotyoshelwe nge-sutures, i-steri-strips, okanye i-glue yolwazi ebizwa ngokuba yiDermabond. Le ndlela iyanciphisa umngcipheko wokungafani kombala okanye ukubonakala njengokuba kunokubonwa ngokutshintshwa kwe-graft kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvelisa uboya obonakalayo njengokuba kubonakala xa ukulimala kwimijelo.
Incisionaneous Incision
Ukuchithwa kwezinto ezingaphantsi , okubizwa ngokuba yi-Subcision, isetyenziselwa ukuqhekeza amaqhina afakazelayo abangela izibazi. I-subcision yenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo ngokufaka inaliti ekhutshwe ngokukhethekileyo phantsi kwesikhumba ukwenzela ukuba ihambelane nesikhumba. Ukuhlala kwindiza phakathi kwedermis kunye nezicubu ezincinci, inaliti iqhubekile kwaye ibuyele kwi-motion-like-motion ifowuni. Le nqubo ibangela ukunyunyuza okuza kuhamba emva kweveki enye. Ubungozi be-subcision kubandakanya ukuphuma kwegazi kunye nokwakhiwa kwamagundane angaphantsi. Ukuhlamba kunokulawulwa ngendlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-anesthetics kunye nokubhinqa, kwaye iigununu ezincinci zingaphathwa nge- injection ye-corticosteroids kwi-nodule.
Ukubuyiselwa kweLaser
Ukuvelisa i-Laser yinkqubo ephandwayo yonyango oluneziphene ezininzi. Iintlobo ze-laser ezithandwayo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvuthwa kwamacwecwe e-acne yi- carbon dioxide (CO2) kunye ne-erbium: i-YAG (Er: YAG) lasers. I-Lasers isebenza ngokusitshisa ngokubanzi ukuluhlu oluphezulu lwesikhumba kwindawo ecacileyo. Ikhumba liphilisa ukutshintshwa kwendawo yokutshisa kunye nekhanda elitsha. Ukunyamekela okusemgangathweni kwesikhumba ejongene nokuvelisa i-laser kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni impumelelo kwenkqubo.