Iziyobisi zintsha zinika ukucaphukisa okungaphantsi kwesikhumba esikhonkcisiweyo
Zimbalwa izinto ezinokubangela uxhalabisayo ukuba imeko engapheliyo ye-acne. Kwiminyaka emininzi, abantu baye bafunda isayensi ye-acne ukuze baqulunqe izicwangciso ezinonophelo kunye neengcipheko ezincinci kuzo zonke iintlobo zesikhumba.
Ezinye zezilwanyana zonyango ezithandwa kakhulu ziqulethe iklasi yeekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuthi i-retinoids ezisebenza ngokuthintela iiseli ezifileyo ukuba zivimbe izibonda.
I-Anatomy ye-Acne Breakbreak
I-acne ibangelwa yimiphumo ye-hormone kwiyunithi ye-pilosebaceous , isakhiwo esikhankeni esinobugqwetha beenwele , i-sebaceous gland, kunye neenwele. Xa ulandelelwano luvaliwe, lubangela kokubili ukuqokelela kwamafutha (okubizwa ngokuba yi-sebum) kunye nokugqithisa kwamanye amabhaktheriya aqhelekileyo okuthiwa yiPropionibacterium acnes .
Oku kuninzi kubangelwa umonakalo kwimbumba yesigxina kwaye kuvumela ukuba usulelo lubekwe. I-immune system iphendula ngokuthumela amhlophe amaseli egazi kwindawo yesifo sokubulala iibhaktheriya. Oku kubangela ukubunjwa kwe-pus-filled pimple.
(I-pus ngokwayo ayincinci ngaphezu kokuhlanganiswa kwe-sebum, iiseli zesikhumba ezifile, ii-cell immun cells, kunye neebhaktheriya ezifile.)
Nangona i-follicle iya kuphulukisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuphazamiseka okuphindaphindiweyo okanye okubanzi kungabangela ukubonakala kwesikhumba, obomvu nokukhwabanisa.
Indlela ama-retinoids aphatha ngayo i-Acne
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga iimfene.
Ezinye iimveliso ziqukethe i- benzoyl peroxide okanye i-salicylic acid enenjongo yokucima iipore. Iimeko ezinzima kakhulu ziquka i-oral or antibiotic antibiotic (njenge-minocycline) kunye nala mahlanjululwazi.
Umsebenzi weyeza wokubuyisela i-retinoid ngokungafaniyo. Ezi zixhobo ze-topical nee-gels zivela kwi-Vitamin A kwaye zibhekwa njengonyango olukhethiweyo lwe-comedonal acne (blacksheads kunye nemhlophe).
Basebenza ngokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeseli ezintsha zesikhumba ukuze baqhube kakuhle i-oyile kunye nesikhumba efile ngaphandle kwezibonda ezivaliweyo.
Ngokwenza njalo, banokuthintela ukubunjwa kwamatsha amnyama kunye namhlophe.
Uhlobo lwezonyango zokubuyisela
I-retinoids ithathwa njengonyango olunamandla kwaye kufuneka imiselwe ukuba igqirwe ngugqirha. Kukho iintlobo ezinokunyuka kwamayeza aquka ukusetyenziswa kwesinye sezidakamizwa ezintathu zokubuyisela i-retinoid: i-tretinoin, i-adapalene, ne-tazarotene.
I-Tretinoin yimiyeza ye-retinoid yesizukulwana sesithathu kunye nemveliso eyaziwayo engcono kwiifilifu ze-pharmacy. Baye bathengiswa phantsi kwegama elithi Retin-A, Avita, neRenova kodwa nabo bafumaneka njenge-generic.
Amanqaku emveliso eyongezelelweyo:
- Imveliso ifumaneka njengekremu (0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%), i-gel (0.01%, 0.025%), kunye ne-liquid (0.05%).
- Ama-creams awona mandla kunamagaleli, ngelixa iigels zingenamandla kunamanzi.
- I-Tretinoin iphuka xa ixutywe ne-benzoyl peroxide ukuze ingasetyenziswa ngexesha elifanayo.
- Imiphumo emibi ibandakanya ukucaphukiswa kwesikhumba ukwenzela ukuba amanyathelo athathwe xa eqala. Ukusetyenziswa kwetretinoin kwandisa ingozi yokushisa ilanga.
- Kwimveliso ekhoyo ngoku, i-Retin-A Micro I-0.1% yindlela ekhutshwa ngokukhawuleza ephikisayo kakhulu kwesikhumba.
I-Adapalene ngumveliso omtsha osetyenziswa ukuphatha unyumba omncinane ukuya kumodareyitha kwaye uthengiswa phantsi kwegama elithi Differin.
Amanqaku emveliso eyongezelelweyo:
- I-Adapalene ifumaneka njenge-gel okanye ukhilimu kwi-0.1% kunye ne-0.3% yamandla.
- Lizinzile xa lisetyenziswe nge-benzoyl peroxide ukwenzela ukuba iyakuthatyathwa ngexesha elifanayo.
- Kubi kakhulu kunesikhumba kuneminye imveliso ye-retinoid.
- Kuyaziwa ukuba zinezixhobo zokutshatyalaliswa kunye nezakhiwo ezichasayo.
- Kucatshangelwa ngokulinganayo ngokuthelekiswa ne-tretinoin.
I-Tazarotene iphinda ibuyele i-retinoid yesizukulwana sesithathu phantsi kwegama elithi Tazorac, Avag, Zorac, noFabior.
Amanqaku emveliso eyongezelelweyo:
- I-Tazarotene ifumaneka njengejel kwi-0.05% kunye ne-0.1% yamandla.
- Kubiza kakhulu kunezinye iimveliso ze-retinoid
- Oku kunokuba lunomsindo ngakumbi kunesikhumba kunabanye ama-retinoids (nangona iimpawu zihlala zizisombulula ngokwazo kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbini ukuya kwezine).
- Ngelixa lingaqhelekanga, kuye kwabakho iziganeko zokudakalisa intsimbi kwezinye.
- Abantu abaye bafumana isohlwayo lolusu kufuneka baqaphele ngokukhethekileyo ukuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga.