I-Isotretinoin (eyayithengiswa phantsi kwegama le-brand ye-Accutane) liyeza eliyilungisa unyango lwe- acne . (Amanye amagama egama aquka: uClaravis, Amnesteem, ABsorica, Myorisan, Zenatane, noSotret.)
I-Isotretinoin yowentsapho yamayeza abizwa ngama-retinoids, afana ne-vitamin A. I-Isotretinoin, njengezinye i- retinoids , isebenza ngokutshintsha iDNA.
Esi siphumo sinciphisa ubungakanani kunye nemveliso yeengqungquthela ezihlambulukileyo . Kwakhona kwenza iiseli ezithintekayo kwiingqungquthela ezixhambileyo ezincinci, kwaye ngoko ke zingakwazi ukwenza ama- blackheads kunye namhlophe (i-comedones). Kwakhona kunciphisa inani leebhaktheriya kwiingqungquthela ezixhambileyo kunye nasesikhumba.
Elinye icala kwisichengiso kukuba liphethe imiphumo emibi kakhulu (kunye nezinye izinto ezingathí sina kodwa ziyakhathaza), ke qiniseka ukuba uvavanya i-pros and cons cons. Ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe ukuba ngaba le myeza ilungile ukhetho lwonyango kuwe.
Ngubani owenza i-Isotretinoin?
I-Isotretinoin ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa i-nodular, i-pustular acne engazange iphendule kwiikhosi ezipheleleyo zemithi emininzi yomlomo. Umkhonto kwi-isotretinoin echaza ukuba i-acne ibhekise ekusebenziseni ngaphambili kwimeko yesifo, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ukonakala okubalulekileyo. Nangona i-isotretinoin isetyenziselwa ngokuyinhloko i- acne enamandla , isetyenziselwe ezinye iziphazamiso ezifana ne-psoriasis, i-lupus, kunye necebo eliqhekezayo ngeempumelelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuqala Utyando
Kufuneka kusetyenziswe iirjimen eziliqela, kodwa i-regimen eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukuqala ngeqondo eliphantsi, kwaye ukwandisa umthamo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Ubude bekhosi yonyango luyahluka kodwa ngokubanzi luhlala kwiiveki ezi-16 ukuya kwe-20. Abanye abantu bayaqaphela ukuba i-acne yabo iya kuqala ngakumbi emva kokuqala i-isotretinoin unyango.
Inani lezilonda zamathambo azivumi ukunyuka, kodwa izilonda zingabomvu okanye zibuhlungu. Oku kuqhelekileyo, kuhlala ixesha elifutshane nje, kwaye akusisona sizathu sokuyeka ukusebenzisa i-isotretinoin.
Iingxaki zokuzalwa
Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zeziyobisi ziye zaba ngongqinano. Isiphumo esicacile ngakumbi, esibi saso sinobuchwephesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-isotretinoin ibangela iziphene zokuzalwa xa abafazi besithatha xa bekhulelwe. Iingxaki zokuzalwa ezibangelwa yi-isotretinoin zizathu ziquka inkqubo ye-nervous central, ubuso, i-cardia, kunye ne-thymus gland engaqhelekanga. Emva kokuba i-isotretinoin unyango sele igqityiwe inyanga enye, umfazi unokukhulelwa ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokukhubazeka kokuzalwa. I-Isotretinoin ayichaphazeli ukuzala okanye yenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa. Abasetyhini abathatha i-isotretinoin kufuneka basebenzise iindlela ezimbini zokulawulwa kokuzalwa ngeli xesha: inyanga ngaphambi kokunyangwa ngophelo lwenyanga yokuqala yonyango.
Iimiphumo eziMbi kakhulu
I-Isotretinoin yonyango ineziphumo ezibi zilandelayo.
- Intloko , ukuba ziphikelela kwaye zinxulumene nesicongconi, ukuhlanza kunye nombono otyumkileyo, unokuba ngumqondiso wemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pseudotumor cerebri.
- Umngcipheko wokudandatheka, ukuxilongwa kwengqondo, nokuzama ukuzibulala kukhula ngexesha lotyando kwaye ubuyela kwinto eqhelekileyo emva kokuyeka ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
- Ukuveliswa kweenyembezi emehlweni kuyehla, okubangela ukuba obomvu, amehlo aqabileyo kunye nokuba nesilonda se-cornea, ingakumbi kunye nabathwali be- lens .
- Ukukwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwee-shades ezimnyama kunye ezimhlophe kungancipha, kubangele ubumfama bobusuku.
- Inzyme yesibindi inokuphakanyiswa, ibangele i-jaundice, i-hepatitis, nesisu esiswini.
Ezinye iziphumo eziPhakathi
I-Isotretinoin yonyango inokubangela ukuba oku kulandelayo kungabi nzulu kakhulu, kodwa iziphumo ezingasichukumisayo.
- Ikhumba elomileyo elifuna ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweentsholongwane
- Imilomo eyomileyo kunye nokukhahlela
- Iimbopho
- Isikhumba esikhulayo (pruritus)
- Uboya bezinwele
- Ukugqithisa ngokweqile, ngakumbi kwiintendelezo kunye neengcambu
- Iintlungu zesisu kunye nobuhlungu obubi kakhulu ngokusebenza ngokomzimba
- Ukwandisa ububele elangeni, kubangela ukushisa kwelanga ngokulula
- Amanqanaba aphakamileyo e-triglyceride
UkuLwa kweLebhu
Ngaphambi kokuqala i-isotretinoin unyango, izigulane kufuneka zenziwe umsebenzi wegazi ukujonga amanqanaba e-triglyceride, umsebenzi wesibindi, kunye nokubala kwegazi ngokupheleleyo. Abasetyhini nabo kufuneka bathathe uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ngexesha, ngexesha lokunyanga, kodwa ngokukodwa inyanga emva kokuqala unyango, la ma-labs ahlolwe kwakhona.
Ukuqeda unyango
Ikhosi yohlobo oluqhelekileyo lonyango liyi-16 ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-20. Ekupheleni kweiveki ezingama-16, malunga ne-85% yezigulane zicacile. Imiphumo ezuzisayo ye-isotretinoin ayigxininisi xa isilwanyana siphelile. Ukunciphisa okwezinye izilonda ze-acne kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kubonakala kwiinyanga emva kokuba unyango luyekile. Enye impembelelo encedo ye-isotretinoin kukuba emva kwekhosi yezilwanyana, isikhumba sisoloko siphendula kangcono kwi-acne yokwelapha.
Iingcamango Zokugqibela
Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ze-isotretinoin unyango ziye zabathintela abanye abantu ukuba bangawuqwalasele njengonyango olufanelekileyo. Naphezu kweempembelelo zalo, i-isotretinoin ihlala yindlela enamandla kakhulu kunye nethemba elithembisayo yokumelana ne- acne . Isetyenziswe ngendlela eqiqayo, ngokujonga ngokunyamekileyo, kunokutshintsha ubomi bomntwana osemtsha okanye omdala osemtsha.