Ukuqonda Izinto ezichaphazela ukuPhucula amaRhafu
Omnye wemibandela yokuqala umntu angayibuza xa efunyanwe nomhlaza wesifo somdlavuza, "Uphi ixesha lokuphila." Ngokudabukisayo, umhlaza wesifo somphunga unomdla wokuba uhlaselo olubi. Oko kwathiwa, isigaba soku-1 sisigaba sokuqala somhlaza wesifo samaphaphu kwaye abantu abaninzi baphila ixesha elide nesifo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto ezichanekileyo ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukuhlaselwa kwakho kunye nokuqhubela phambili okwenzekayo ekuphuculeni ukusinda.
Isigaba I-Cancer Cancer: Inkcazo
Isigaba Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngowona nqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wesifo samangqamuzana esingekho esincinci. ( Isigaba se-0 umhlaza wesifo somhlaza ngumhlathi wokuqala we-lung cancer okanye i-carcinoma in situ).
Izidumbu ezichazwe njengeSigaba sam zidilizwe zibe ngamaqela amabini:
- Isigaba IA kanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphela kwimpompo kwaye i-3 cm (malunga nentshizi nesiqingatha) ububanzi okanye ngaphantsi.
- Isigaba se-IB sesifo somhlaza se-IB siphakathi kwe-3 no-5 cm ububanzi kwaye sinakho ukusalela) kwi-bronchus eyona nto, b) isasazeka kumlenze wangaphakathi ophepheni kumphunga, okanye c) inxalenye yomphunga inokutsha okanye iyawa.
I-Stage I Lung Cancer Ubomi obulindeleke
Ekubeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu unomdla wokuba unobundlobongela kwaye unesifo esilungileyo, umbuzo wokuphila usoloko uvela. Ngaphambi kokwenza enye into ebalulekileyo kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba unyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu luphucula kwaye izinga lokusinda liya kuphucula. Ukongeza, wonke umntu uhlukile.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, amanani asitshela indlela umntu akwenze ngayo ngaphambili nangomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ekubeni kuninzi unyango olutsha olunjalo alukho ukulinganisela okuchanekileyo.
Imirhumo echaphazela iiHholo lokuPhila kweMhlaza
Ezinye zeenguqu ezinokuchaphazela ukusinda komhlaza wamaphaphu ziquka:
- Uhlobo lomdlavuza wakho lomhlaba kunye nendawo: Iingqapheli ezingama-85 zeengqombela zomphunga zibhekwa njengengcinci yomhlaza wamaphaphu wamaphaphu. Amanqwelana athambekele ekusasazeni kancinci kunomdlavuza omncinci wamaselula , nangona umdlavuza omncinci wesifo somhlaza uvame ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwi-chemotherapy kunye neyeza , ubuncinane ekuqaleni.
- Indawo yomhlaza wakho: Nangona utyando luhlala lunyango olukhethiweyo kumgca we-1 umhlaza wamaphaphu, ezinye zezi zicubu zifumaneka kwiindawo ezenza utyando luyingozi. Ukuba ukuhlinzwa kungenakwenzeka, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zonyango lwamayeza angasetyenziselwa ngenjongo yokunyanga: i-radiotherapy yomzimba (stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) kunye neyeza leproton. (Ukusinda kungcono nakwi-VATS lobectomy vs SBRT).
- Iprogram ye-molecular ye-tumor yakho: Okwangoku sonyango kubantu abaneentsholongwane zofuzo kwiimpawu zabo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-molecular (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kuyenzelwe wonke umntu onomdlavuza wesifo somnxeba omncinane. Iziyobisi zifumaneka kubantu abane- EGFR utshintsho , i- ALK rearrangements , kunye nokulungiswa kwe-ROS1 , kwaye iimvavanyo zekliniki zivavanya unyango lweengcingo zamaphaphu kunye nezinye iiprofayile zemizimba. (Ezi zonyango azisoloko zisetyenziselwa isigaba 1 sesifo, kodwa ziyafumaneka ukuba umhlaza kufuneka uphinde uphinde usasaze).
- Ubudala bakho: Abantu abancinci bavame ukuhlala ixesha elide kunabantu asebekhulile abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Ubulili bakho : Ukulinda ubomi komfazi onomdlavuza wamaphaphu uphakamileyo kwisigaba ngasinye sesifo.
- Impilo yakho jikelele ngexesha lokuxilongwa: Ukuphila ngokusemgangathweni ngexesha lokuxilongwa kudibaniswa nokuhlala ixesha elide, kunye nokukwazi ukunyamezela unyango olunokunyusa ubomi.
- Indlela osabela ngayo kunyango : Imiphumo emibi yonyango iyahluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo, kwaye inganciphisa amandla akho okunyamezela unyango.
- Ezinye izimo zempilo onokuba nazo: Izimo zempilo ezinjenge-emphysema okanye isifo senhliziyo zinganciphisa ixesha lomdlavuza wempukane. Abo bangenayo i-COPD banokuhlaselwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunabo abanesifo.
- Ukutshaya: Ukuyeka ukutshaya phambi kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu, kubonakala kukuphucula kakhulu izinga lokusinda. Ngexesha langoku, uninzi lwabantu abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu abumsi, kodwa kuba bawenzayo baninzi izizathu zokuba abantu abanomhlaza kufuneka bayeke ukutshaya , kuquka nokuphila.
- Lapho uphathwa khona: Izifundo ezimbalwa zifumene ukuba abantu abaphethwe ngumhlaza wesifo samaphaphu kwisiko elenza ngaphezulu kwezi zifo (njengesibhedlele sokufundisa okanye isikhungo somhlaza wesikolo esikhulu) sinemiphumo engcono.
Ukongeza kuzo zonke iincatshulwa ezichazwe ngentla phakathi kwabantu, yonke umdlavuza uhlukile. Ukususela kumbono wee molecular, ukuba bekukho abantu abayi-100 abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwinqanaba, babeza kuba neesifo ezinomdlavuza ezahlukeneyo kwi-molecule. Iimpawu zamathambo ezahlukahlukeneyo zingabangela ukuziphatha okuhlukeneyo kwezidumbu.
I-Stage I Lung Cancer Life Izibalo zokulindela
Ukongeza kwimihluko phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo kunye nee-cancer ezihlukeneyo, kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba amanani ahlala eminyaka embalwa ubudala. Uninzi lwezonyango ezikhoyo ngoku kumdlavuza wamaphaphu azizange zijikeleze xa ezo manani zifunyenwe. Ngokomzekelo, kukho iindidi ezininzi ze-immunotherapy kunye nezilwanyana ezijoliswe kuzo ezivunyiwe ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2015.
Okwangoku, izinga lokusinda iminyaka emi-5 ngama-49 ekhulwini kubantu abanesifo somdlavuza wesifo se-IA kunye neepesenti ezingama-45 kubantu abanesigaba se-IB esingenanto encinci yomhlaza wamaphaphu. Ezi xabiso zingaba ziphakamileyo kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bafunyenwe ngokuphonononga bodwa kwaye bangaba ngamaphesenti angama-90.
I-Stage I Lung Cancer kunye neengozi yokuphindaphinda
Emva kokunyanga kwinqanaba lomhlaza wamaphaphu, ukufumaneka komhlaza wemiphunga kubakho. Kucingelwa ukuba phakathi kwama-30 no-50 ekhulwini kwinqanaba lomdlavuza wamaphaphu angaphinda abuye, kwaye unyango olunjenge-chemotherapy ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Ukuphindaphinda kwenzeka ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Ukuphindaphinda kwendawo kukubhekiselele kumagciwane okubuyela kumpompo, kufuphi ne-tumor yokuqala.
- Ukuphindaphinda kwesithili kubhekisela kumagciwane angaphinda abuyele kwii-lymph node kufuphi ne-tumor yokuqala.
- Ukuphindaphinda okuqhelekileyo kubhekisela kumagciwane angaphinda abuyele kwiindawo ezikude emzimbeni, ngokuqhelekileyo amathambo, ingqondo, isibindi, okanye i-adrenal glands. Xa umhlaza uphindela kwisayithi elikude ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesigaba se-metastatic okanye sesigaba se-4.
Ngelishwa, uninzi lwamathuba omhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu asezindaweni ezikude. Kodwa nangona ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukusinda kuphucula. Enyanisweni, ininzi yophuhliso lwangoku kwintsholongwane yomhlaza wamaphaphu lusegabeni 4.
Ukubaluleka kwezilingo zeZliniki
Ngokutsho kweNational Cancer Institute, wonke umntu onomdla wesifo somhlaza wemiphunga kufuneka acinge ngolu hlobo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwilingo leklinikhi. Kwinqanaba lesi-1 kukho izilingo eziliqela endaweni ejongene nezizathu zokuba umhlaza wesiqhelo ungaphinda uphinde uphinde unyango olusenokuthi lunciphise lo mngcipheko.
ILizwi Elivela Kwi-Lung Cancer Prognosis
Ukuxeliswa kwesigaba 1 somhlaza wamaphaphu kuphezulu kwezinye izigaba zesifo, kodwa okwangenani kwisithathu sala mathambo siya kuqhubeka. Unyango luya kuphucula kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ngazo ukuphucula izinga lokusinda kwakho . Buza imibuzo eninzi. Fumana uluvo lwesibini, ngokuqinisekileyo ukusuka kwisikhungo somhlaza esenza umthamo omkhulu wezo zonyango. Thepha kwiqela leenkxaso yomdlavuza wamaphaphu okanye uluntu lwenkxaso yoluntu. Ukuba ngummeli wakho kumnonophelo wakho womhlaza akugcini nje ukunciphisa uxhalaba kodwa kunokuphucula umphumo wakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Iingqinisiso kunye neengxelo zeCans 2017. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017.html
> INational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane yeeLungile (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. 03/31/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.
> Wang, X., uJanowczyk, A., Zhou, Y. et al. Ukubikezelwa kokuphindaphinda kwiSigaba sokuQala esingekho esincinci yeSifo se-Lung Cancer Ukusebenzisa iikhompyutheni ezifunyenwe ziNyukliya ezivela kwi-Digital H ne-E. Iingxelo zeSayensi . 2017. 7 (1): 13543.