Ngelixesha eliqhelekileyo kwiintlobo ezininzi zaseUnited States, ukusuleleka kwi-tapeworms, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-taeniasis, ixhalabisa ngakumbi kwilizwe eliphuhlisayo. Ii-Tapeworms zihlobo lwe-flatworm kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinokuthi zithintele amaphecana okugaya abantu. Izifo zixhaphakile kwiindawo apho izakhiwo zokuncedisa ucoceko zikhoyo kwaye abantu banokubambisana kakhulu nezilwanyana.
I-Tapeworms ebantwini idla ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokutya okungaphunyiweyo okanye inyama eluhlaza, ingulube, okanye intlanzi evela kwisilwanyana esasulelekile.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-tapeworms ziquka i-tapeworm yenkomo ( Taenia saginata ) , i-tapeworm yengulube (iTaenia solium) , kunye ne-Asian tapeworm (iTenia asiatica) , efumaneka e-Asia kwaye ichaphazela ingulube. Intlanzi yamanzi aselwandle angathatyathwa nge-tapeworm ebanzi, i- Diphyllobothrium latum.
Iimpawu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusuleleka kwi-tapeworm ayibangeli iimpawu okanye kubangele iimpawu ezimbalwa kwi-digestive tract. Ukuba kukho iimpawu kunye neempawu, zinokuquka:
- Intlungu zesisu
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Walamba
- Ukungabi nesidlo
- I sizathu
- Ukudlula amacandelo e-tapeworm kwisitulo
- Ukuhla ukusinda
Kwimeko yokusuleleka kwi-tapeworm yengulube (T. Solium) amaqanda, ezinye iinxalenye zomzimba zitsholongwane xa izibungu ze-tapeworm zifuduka ziphuma kwinkqubo yokutya kunye neefes cysts (ebizwa ngokuba yi-cysticercosis). Oku kunokubangela izihlwele okanye izibonda ngaphantsi kwesikhumba okanye kwiisisu zomzimba okanye izitho.
Ukuba i-cysts ivela kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi okanye ingqondo ingabonakaliswa yimpawu ze-neurological (le meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurocysticercosis) kwaye ibe nzima kakhulu. Ezinye zeempawu kunye neempawu ze-neurocysticercosis zingaquka:
- Intloko
- Ukuxhamla
- Ezinye iimpawu zegazi
Usulelo lwe-tapeworm yeentlanzi ( D. Latum ) lunokubangela ukungabikho kwe-vitamin B12, engabangela i-anemia.
Izimpawu neempawu ze-anemia zingaquka:
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Utywala
- Ukukhathala
- Intloko
- Amandla aphantsi
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukubetha ezindlebeni
Izizathu
Iimbalwa ezimbalwa zibeka ingozi ekuphuhliseni usuleleko lwe-tapeworm.
Ukutya okudliwayo, inyama yengulube, okanye intlanzi
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuba abantu basuleleke nge-tapeworm ngukutya kokutya okanye inyama eluhlaza, ingulube okanye intlanzi. Ukuba isilwanyana sinee-tapeworms, umntu odla inyama naye unokusuleleka.
Umjikelezo wobomi we-tapeworm uqala ngamaqanda. Amaqanda e-tapeworm angaphila ngaphandle komphathi kunye nendawo (njengamanzi okanye kwizityalo) iintsuku okanye iinyanga. Izilwanyana zinokusuleleka emva kokutya izityalo okanye ukutya okanye ukusela amanzi anokuqukethe amaqanda angama-tapeworm.
Ngoku kungaphakathi kwindwendwe yezilwanyana, amaqanda ayaqhaqha kwaye aqokelele kuma-tapeworms amancinci, ahambayo kwaye angakwazi ukufuduka emathunjini nasezintanjeni zesisundu. Ukuba ayinakutywa okanye iphekwe ngokufanelekileyo ukubulala intsholongwane, inyama iqulethe ii-tapeworms eziphilayo, ezinokuthi zidluliselwe kumntu odlayo.
Iihagu zeTork Tapeworm Amaqanda
Indlela encinane yokutheleleka nge-tapeworms kukuqhagamshelana namaqanda kwi-tapeworm yengulube (T solium) . Amaqanda atyhulwa kwisigxina kwisilwanyana okanye umntu osulelekileyo kwaye unokuhlala ebonakalayo kwimeko.
Oku kubandakanya amanzi, kungenxa yoko kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi okusela ayinakho izifo.
Amaqanda angaphunyezwa, umzekelo, ukuba umntu osulelekileyo akahlambulukanga izandla emva kokuya kwindawo yokuhlambela aze aphethe ukutya okudliwe ngabanye. Amaqanda angama-pigporm amaqanda angaphila kwiindawo ezibonakalayo ukuze kunokwenzeka ukuba badlulisele kwabanye abantu ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinamaqanda kubo.
Uhambo lwaMazwe ngamazwe
Ngoxa usulelo lwe-tapeworms lwenzeka eUnited States, luqhelekile kwilizwe elikhulayo. Ukuya kwiindawo apho ukusuleleka nge-tapeworms eziqhelekileyo kubangelwa yingozi.
Ukukhusela intsholongwane ngexesha lokuhamba kuquka ukuqinisekisa ukuba inyama neentlanzi ziphekwe kakuhle kwaye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ziphekwe ngamanzi abilayo okanye amanzi aphethwe kakuhle ukuze abulale naziphi na izifo eziphilayo. Kungcono ukuba ugweme naluphi na ukutya okanye isiselo esityholo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwentsholongwane kwinkqubo yokutya iquka ukuvavanya isitulo se-tapeworms kunye / okanye ukujonga indawo yeeqanda. Kwezinye iimeko, amacandelo e-tapeworm angabonakala kwisigxina. Ukuba oko kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuzisa isampuli se-stool kumgqirha okanye kwibhabhi ukwenzela ukuba uvavanywe kwaye ufumane ukuxilongwa. Kwabanye, kunokubakho i-tapeworms kwi-anus okanye ugqirha angayibona ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba.
Ukuvavanya kwe-stool, okuyimfuneko ukufumana ukuba yiyiphi uhlobo lwe-tapeworm ekhoyo, isitofu iya kufuneka iqokelelwe kwaye inikezelwe kwibhile. Oku kufuthi kwenziwa nge-stool ibekwe kwisitya esingasinyanga, mhlawumbi ekhaya okanye kusetyenziswa indlu yokuhlambela ebhodini, kwaye unikezwe ochwepheshe bebhanki abaza kuyenza kwaye bayithumele ukuvavanya. Kusenokuba kuyimfuneko ukuqokelela nokuvavanya isitoli ukusuka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyakaza kwamathumbu emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukwenzela ukuxilongwa.
Iimvavanyo zegazi ngezinga le-vitamin B12 kunye / okanye i-anemia ingenziwa xa kukho isifo kwi-tapeworm yentlanzi. Ukujonga iimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT scan okanye i-MRI inokwenziwa kwakhona ukuba kukho iingxaki ezivela kwintsholongwane yeehagu zengulube ze-tapeworm eziye zafudukela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Unyango
Kwiimeko zentsholongwane ye-intestinal infection, unyango lunamachiza okuya kubangela ukuba izimpethu zibe nzima. Emva kokuba iimbongolo zingakwazi ukuxhoma kwimbini yamathumbu ziya kudluliselwa emzimbeni ngeentshukumo zokuhamba.
Isilwanyana esiphathelene ne-antiparasitic esasetyenziswa ngokunyanga ukuphatha unyango lwe-tapeworm yi praziquantel (iBiltricide). I Praziquantel inikezwa ngomlinganiselo omnye. Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye-tapeworm ( Hymenolepis nana ), iyeza antiprotozoal, i-Alinia (nitazoxanide), isenokusetyenziswa.
Ngenxa yeengxaki zokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yeengulube zeengulube eziye zakha ama-cyst, unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwindawo ehlala kuyo. Iyeza-antiparasitic ziya kunikwa kodwa kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa amachiza ezongezelelweyo okanye unyango ukulawula isifo kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
ILizwi
Izifo ezineentlobo zee-tapeworms zilawulwa ngamachiza. Yintoni ebalulekileyo ukufumana unyango kunye nokulandelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyango luphumelele.
Ukuthintela kubalulekile kodwa kuyimingeni kwiindawo apho kungekho ndawo yokufumana amanzi ahlambulukileyo kunye neendawo zokuhlambulula. Kweminye imimandla yelizwe elikhulayo, ukusuleleka kwiiqanda ze-ngulube zengulube yimbangela ebalulekileyo yeengxaki zeengxaki zemizimba. EUnited States, usulelo aluqhelekanga kwaye luyinkxalabo kubantu abavela kwamanye amazwe okanye abo bahlala kwiindawo ezifama okanye ezihlawulelwayo.
> Imithombo:
> Impilo Yomhlaba Wonke - Ulwabiwo lwezifo eziPasasitic. "I-Diphyllobothrium > latum > (kunye nezinye iintlobo). Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. 10 Jan 2012.
> Impilo Yomhlaba Wonke - Ulwabiwo lwezifo eziPasasitic. "Taeniasis FAQs". Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. 10 uJanuwari 2013.
> I-Pearson R. "I-Taenia Solium (iNgulube yoThupha) I-Infection ne-Cysticercosis." I-Merck Manual Edition Edition.
> AbaPhathi beDivayili yeDamente. "Praziquantel - Isishwankathelo seMithi." IPRR, LLC. 2018
> Isebe lezeMpilo laseMzantsi Afrika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. "Ukuphathwa kokutya okukhuselekileyo: Okokufuneka Ukwazi." Ukutya kwe-US kunye noLawulo lweeDrug.