Isikhokelo seMil-Borne Infectious Diseases
Kukudla kokuqala esikuvelayo. Kusemasatini ama-pasta, iisandi, i-pastries, i-custards, i-cheeses, i-yogurts kunye ne-ayisikrimu. Ubisi ngenye yezona zithako eziphambili kwiindawo zokupheka kunye nesitrasi kwizindlu ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, njengemveliso yezilwanyana ezele izondlo, kukho izifo ezininzi ezithathelwanayo ezinxulumene nobisi olunobuncitshisiweyo kunye nemveliso yobisi.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba uninzi lwezi nyibiliko zibulawa ngokutyunjwa, kwaye ngoko ngokwenene, izifo ngenxa yobisi kunye noshizi ziyinto engaqhelekanga-kodwa kunokwenzeka.
I-Pasteurization
Izifo zokukhusela isifo sizathu sokuba sisondeza ubisi. Unokufunda malunga neendlela kunye neengcinga ezinxulumene nokunyusa ukuba ucinga ukuba kuyimfuneko kangakanani emva kokufunda malunga nobungozi obungezantsi.
Ubisi beKhokhwe bufumana njani ukungcola?
Njengabo bonke abantu baphatha i-microbes, zonke izilwanyana zenza njalo. Ngamanye amaxesha izilwanyana ezinokuba zithwala iinkomo zingaba yingxaki.
Ezinye iinkomo zobisi zichithe ixesha elininzi lokutya kwidlelo, apho zidibanisa neendidi ezahlukeneyo zemvelo. Kwamanye amaxesha, iinkomo zivalelwe kwizakhiwo, apho kwiimeko ezininzi ziqhutywe iibhaktheriya ziyakhula kwaye zisasaze kwenkomo kuya kwenkomo. Ukongezelela, ezininzi izilwanyana ezinobomi "obunzima" (izinto ezinokubakho kunye neenkomo ngaphandle kokubangela izifo) zinokuthi zithathwe njengezilwanyana ezinokubangela ukusuleleka kubantu.
Izixhobo zokucubungela amachiza zinemizila emininzi yokungena kwamachiza. Okokuqala, njengomthombo ocebileyo wezondlo, ubisi lunikeza indawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwamagciwane. Okwesibini, izityalo zokuguqula ubisi zizele indawo apho "inyawo lendlela" evela kubasebenzi lingahamba kunye ne-microbes.
Iimveliso ezinokutheleleka ezitholakalayo kwi-Milk's Milk
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengcambu ezinokufumaneka kubisi lweenkomo kunye nemveliso yobisi.
Umngcipheko wezinto ezininzi, kodwa kungekhona zonke, kuncitshiswa ngokunyanzelisa. Ezinye iimveliso ziyakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi emngciphekweni. Ngokomzekelo, ezininzi iintlobo zeentshizi ezithengiweyo (ezifana ne-Brie) azixhaswanga kwaye zithwale ingozi ephezulu kakhulu yokusuleleka (ikakhulukazi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo) kunokuba zikhuni ezikhuni kunye nezintlu. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezifo ezithintela ubisi.
Izifo zakwaBacillus Cereus
I-Bacillus cereus ibhaktheriya evelisa i-toxins. Olunye uhlobo lwe-toxin lungabangela urhudo xa omnye edala ukuhlanza. I-Bacillus cereus spores ayinakufudumala kwaye ayikwazi ukusukela kwi-pasteurization. Kuye kwaba neemeko ezinqabile kakhulu ezinxulumene nobisi obomileyo kunye nobomfom
Brucellosis
I-Brucella yi-microbe ye-bacterial microbe efumaneka kwiimveliso zobisi ezingagqitywanga. Ukutheleleka kweBrucella, okanye i-Brucellosis, ibizwe nangokuthi "Ukungafihlwa Imfiva" ngenxa yokuphindwa komkhuhlane ohambelana nesi sifo. Ngenye yezinto ezinokubangela umkhuhlane ongapheliyo wemvelaphi engaziwayo kubantwana.
I-Campylobacter jejuni Izifo
I-Campylobacter jejuni yiyona ibhaktheriya eqhelekileyo yokubangela isifo sohudo e-US echaphazela abantu abayizigidi ezingama-2.4 ngonyaka. Ibhaktheriya itholakala kubisi oluqhambileyo kunye neenkukhu kwaye kunokubangela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kunye neentlungu zesisu esisuka kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwetlanu emva kokungcola.
I-Campylobacter inethuba elongezelelekileyo lokubangela izifo xa liditywa ebisi, kuba i-pH yobisi yobunzima ayifuni i-asidi yesisu, ivumela ukuba ibhaktheriya iphile.
Izifo zengxaki zeCoxiella Burnetii
I-Coxiella ichaphazela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, kuquka imfuyo kunye nezifuyo. I-microbe ingafumaneka kubisi lweenkomo kwaye imelana nokushisa nokuma. Usulelo lwe- Coxiella luphumela kwi-Q fever, umkhuhlane ophezulu ongapheli ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. NjengaBrucella , kusenokuba yimbangela yengcinezelo engaziwayo kubantwana.
E. Coli O157: IiHIV Izifo
I- coli i- O157: Uhlobo lwe- H7 lwe- E. coli ludibaniswe nenani lezinto eziphazamisayo zokutya kwaye lidla ngokuba yimbangela yokurhoxwa kwegazi. Ieshizi zingabangela izifo.
Le bhaktheriya inokubangela i- hemolytic uremic syndrome (isifo se-hamburger) esibonakaliswe ngumlinganiselo weplatelet ophantsi (thrombocytopenia) okhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi kunye nokuphelelwa kweengso.
Listeriosis
I-Listeria monocytogenes yi-bacterium ekhoyo yintsholongwane enokuthi ifumaneke kwiitshizi ezithambileyo (ikakhulukazi iitshizi ezithengiswayo) kunye nobisi obungasetshenziswanga. Iyakwazi ukusinda ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi komlilo kwaye ngoko ke unokumelana nefriji. Kuyingozi kakhulu kubantu abaye banciphisa amajoni omzimba, kuquka nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantu abane-AIDS, kunye nabaselula kunye nabaludala kakhulu. UListeria ungomnye wezifo ezithintekayo ezibangelwa ukukhulelwa kwesisu, kwaye abo abakhulelweyo banamaxesha angama-13 amathuba okufumana isifo.
I-Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies I-Paratuberculosis Izifo
I-Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis yintlungu ye-mycobacteria engakwazi ukumelana nokunyusa i-pasteurization kwaye idibene nokuphuhliswa kwesifo sika-Crohn, esaziwa nangokuthi isifo se-bowel syndrome. Akusaziwa ukuba ngaba iibhaktheriya zingabachaphazela ngokwenene abantu kunye nohlobo oluchanekileyo lwe-Mycobacterium parumububculosis kunye nesifo sikaCrohn sisalokhu siphikisana.
I-Mycobacterium Bovis Infections
I-Mycobacterium , isisombululo "sokusetyenziswa," sisifo esichukumisayo sokuphazamisa isifo sokuqala esithinta imiphunga, i- Mycobacterium bovis inxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi obisi kwaye yinto enye yezona zihlambulukanga ezidlulileyo ngaphambi kokunyanzelisa. Kufana nesifo sofuba (okanye i-TB) esiyiyo ngoku, kodwa yinkalo eyahlukileyo yebhaktheriya. Imizamo yokunciphisa ithuba leenkomo ezithwele okanye ezasasaza lolu hlobo lwe-TB yisona sizathu sokuba singasaboni esi sifo rhoqo. UMov Bovis ubangela isifo sofuba kwiinkomo kwaye angadluliselwa kubantu ngokusebenzisa ubisi lweenkomo ezingaphili, okubangela isifo esifana nesifo sofuba.
Salmonella Infections
I-Salmonella ukungcoliswa kwebisi ebisikiweyo kunye nemveliso yobisi kuye kwabangela ukuphazamiseka kwamanani kwiminyaka yamuva. Iimpawu zibandakanya uhudo kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu.
Staphylococcus Aureus Infections
I-Staphylococcus aureus ivelisa i-toxin ebangela ukuhlanza okuphazamisayo kwaye iyinto eqhelekileyo ye "potluck" ebangela ukutyhefu kokutya. Ukutyhelwa kwesetyhefu evela ku-staphyloccous aureus akubangelwa yintsholongwane yebhaktheriya, kodwa kunokuba ibhaktheriya ikhulule iibisiki ekudleni okushiye ngaphandle kweqondo lokushisa. Emva kokufudumeza, iibhaktheriya ziyabulawa, kodwa i-toxin, ekukhuseleni ukushisa, iyaqhubeka.
I-Yersinia Enterocolitis Infections
I-Yersinia inococitis izifo zidibene nokutya ubisi obuhlaza kunye ne-ayisikrimu, phakathi kwezinye ukutya. Ukutshatyalaliswa kukholelwa ukuba yintlupheko yokuphulukiswa kwindlela yokucocwa kwamanzi kunye nokutyalwa kwamanzi kwiinkqubo zobisi.
Kuthiwani ngeDad Cow Disease?
Isifo seMad Cow, esaziwa njenge-bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE), sisifo esichaphazela inkqubo yesistim kwaye kubangelwa iprotheni echaphazelayo ebizwa ngokuthi " prion ." Ukusetyenziswa kwenyama yeenkomo ne-BSE kungakhokelela ekudlulisweni kwesi sifo. Kubantu, lesi sifo sabizwa ngokuthi "isifo esincinci se-spongiform encephalopathy" okanye " isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob ."
Ngethamsanqa kwishishini lebisi kunye nabasebenzisi bamata, i-prion yokusuleleka ayifumanekanga kubisi ukusuka kwiinkomo ezithelelekileyo, kwaye akukho nokudluliselwa ngokuphuza ubisi lweenkomo. Ngamafutshane, awukwazi ukufumana iMad Cow Disease ebisi.
Ngaphantsi - Indlela yokukhusela izifo ezithathelwanayo zoMhlaza
Oku kunokubangela ukwesaba ukufunda ngezifo ezahlukeneyo ezinokudluliselwa ngobisi, kodwa iindlela ezimbalwa ezilula ziyakunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okufumana izi zifo:
- Musa ukusela ubisi obuhlaza. Phuza kuphela ubisi olunqatshiwe kunye nezinye iimveliso zobisi.
- Cinga kabini uze ufunde iilebhile xa uthengela "i-organic". Uninzi lwezinto zokutya zezinto eziphilayo zithengisa iimveliso zobisi ezingapheliyo.
- Qaphela izilwanyana ezithambileyo. Ezinye zezo, ingakumbi ezo zinto zingeniswe ngaphandle, azifunyanwanga. Ekubeni izifo ezifana neListeria zivame ukubangela ukugula kancinci kumama, zivame ukungabonakali njengobangela wokukhulelwa kwesisu.
- Gcina iimveliso zobisi ezifrijiweyo ngexesha lokuphela kwexesha elibhalwe kwipakethe.
- Ungashiyi ukutya, ingakumbi eziqulethe iimveliso zobisi, ngaphandle kwefriji ezingaphezu kweeyure ezimbini (kunye neyona nto, ngaphantsi.) Gcina engqondweni ukuba iibhoksi ze-bacterial zingaphikelela nangona zihlala zihlaziya nokuba iibhaktheriya ziyabulawa.
- Qaphela xa uhamba ukuya kwilizwe elikhulayo, landela izicwangciso zokucocwa kwee-sanitary zelizwe ongekho kwaye ungadli iimveliso zobisi eziluhlaza.
- Ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi ezingagciniweyo azikho kuphela iimithombo zokutya zetyhefu. Ukutyhelwa kwesetyhe kudla ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuba abantu abaninzi bacinga, becinga ngamatyala amaninzi "wesifo somswakama" kubantu abadala abantu basondeza ukutyhefu.
Imithombo
- > Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Ubuninzi (Ubuthathaka) Ubisi. Ukuhlaziywa 02/22/17. Ubuninzi (Ubuthathaka) Ubisi. Ukuhlaziywa 02/22/17.
- > Harvey, R., Zakjour, C., noL. Gould. Ukuqubuka kwezifo zokutya okuxutywa kunye ne-Organic Foods eUnited States. Umbhalo woKhuseleko lokutya . 2016. 79 (11): 1953-1958.