Ukusebenzisa iMbali, Ukuhlolwa kweMpilo, iMRI, kunye ne-Biopsy ukuze ufumane i-Brain Tumors
Iimbumbulu zebongo zidibanisa iingcinga zalabo abasayi kuba nomdlavuza. Intloko, ukubetha, utywala kunye nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunokususa ukwesaba ukuba i-malignancy ebulalayo ihlala phantsi kwe-façade yansuku zonke. Ngaba oogqirha banokusiqinisekisa njani, okanye ngakumbi, sinokuqiniseka ukuba i-tumor isisu ikhona?
Izibonakaliso kunye neempawu zeBhonish Tumors
Iimvumba zebhanti zithatha isikhala kwikhanga elimele lisetyenziswe ngegazi, ingqondo, okanye i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Ngenxa yokuba i-gawuni yindawo efihliweyo, i-tumor ivame ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial , ngeempawu ezibonakaliswe ngombono otyhafile okanye iintloko ezibuhlungu xa zilele phantsi. Oko kuthethwa, oku akuzona iimpawu ezinzima kwaye zikhawuleza, njengoko ezinye izicubu zisasazeka ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zithatha indawo enkulu ekuqaleni.
Eyona nto ibonisa ukuba into echaphazela inxalenye enye yengqondo, kunokuba yonke into kanye kanye. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho zijongene nemisebenzi eyahlukileyo. Ngokomzekelo, icala langasekhohlo lobuchopho lilawula uhlangothi olufanelekileyo lomzimba. Ukuba zombini amacala omzimba ayabuthathaka, ingxaki inokuthi ibe kunye nezihlunu okanye izibilini zomhlaba - kodwa into echaphazeleke emacaleni omabini wengqondo ayinakwenzeka. Ukuba isiqingatha somzimba sibuthathaka, izazi ze-neurologists zixhalaba ngakumbi malunga nengqondo kunye nomgudu womgudu. Ngokufanayo, ulwimi, ukuguquka komntu, okanye ezinye iingxaki ezingenakucatshulwa zingabonisa ingxaki yengqondo yengqondo.
I-MRI ukuze ihlolwe i-Brain Tumor
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesisu zibonakaliswe ngokuhlukileyo kwi- Magnetic Resonance Imaging okanye i-MRI . Ngokomzekelo, ii- metastase zobuchopho zivame ukuba zikufutshane nomda wengqondo, ekubeni i-metastase ipapashwa ngegazi. Imijikelo yengqondo ithambekele ekubeni apho imithwalo yegazi imancinci, apho iziqwenga zesisu zinokuthi zibe nexesha lokuwela umnqamlezo wegazi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlobo lwesifo seengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi- glioblastoma multiforme siba nesifo esikhulu esasasazeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Olunye ucubu oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi-oligodendroglioma lunokuba nezindawo ezikhanyayo ngenxa ye-calcium idilesi ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
Oku kuthethwa konke, indlela ecacileyo yokukwazi ukuba luphi uhlobo lwesifo se-tumor ekhoyo ukuba kususwe isiqwenga samathambo angavumelekanga kwaye ujonge phantsi kwe-microscope.
I-Lumbar Ukukhawuleza Ukufumanisa I-Brain Tumor
Ukongeza kwi-neuroimaging, i- lumbar puncture ingabonakala kwiiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezijikelezayo kwi-cerebrospinal fluid, ebonakalayo ecacileyo ehlambayo kwaye ijikeleze ingqondo. Oku kunokuba nzima, nangona kunjalo, njengoko kunokubakho iiseli ezimbalwa ezihambayo, kwaye enye iqoqo ye-cerebrospinal yamanzi ayinakufumana iisele ezaneleyo zokuchonga.
I-Biopsy yeBrain ukufumana i-Brain Tumor
Ukukhangela okanye ukukhishwa kwengqondo yesisu ngokucacileyo kuyinto ebalulekileyo. Abagqirha baya kuxhomekeka kwi-neuroimaging, njenge- electroencephalography kunye ne-MRI engasebenzi, ukubanceda bazi kakuhle apho bazonqumla khona kwaye bahlale kude nezicubu zengqondo.
Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha balungiselela i- biopsy ye-tumor kunye ne-resection, oku kuthetha ukuba bangasusa ubuninzi be-tumor njengoko banako.
Kule meko, oogqirha bangathumela ingcezu yengqondo ukuba ibonwe phantsi kwe-microscope ngumhlaza wezilwanyana ngelixa besesegumbini lokuqhuba. Ukuba u-pathologist ukholelwa ukuba izicubu zinomdlavuza, oogqirha banokuqhubeka kwaye basuse ubuninzi be-tumor ngangokunokwenzeka kanye nakhona.
Ngaphandle koko, kunokukho amaxesha apho oogqirha benza i-biopsy encinci, apho kungekho sicwangciso sokususa i-tumor ngexesha elinye. Oku kungenjalo ukuba i-tumor isendaweni ebalulekileyo, umzekelo, kwaye utyando olunzulu luya kuba yingozi.
Ulwazi olungakumbi kunokuba luhlobo oluthile lobunzima beBongo
Ama-neuropathologists abakhangela la maseli angenza okungaphezulu nje kokuthi yintoni uhlobo lwesisu esikhoyo.
Ukubonakala kwe-tumor kungavumela ukuvakalisa izimvo malunga nobudlova. Ezinye izibonda zingasetyenziselwa ukucacisa ukuba ubuhlungu bunjani buya kuba ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Olu lwazi luya kukhokela iingcebiso zegqirha kumgca wesondlo olungcono, kwaye unokunika ingqiqo yokuba isigulane sisenza njani kwikamva elizayo.
> Imithombo:
> Miller, A. Neuro-oncology. I-Continuum: Ukufunda konke kwi-Neurology. 2012, 18: 2, 263-501
> Ropper AH, amaSamuels MA. I-Adams kunye neMigaqo yeVictor ye-Neurology, 9th: I-McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009.