Iintlobo ze-Virus Hepatitis Zenza Ukusetyenziswa Ngokwezesondo
Uninzi lweentsholongwane ezinhlanu ze-hepatitis zingasasazwa ngocansi. Kukho, nangona kunjalo, ulwahlukileyo olubalulekileyo kwindlela abasasazeka ngayo kunye nomngcipheko wokungabikho ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lwezesondo. Nantsi inkcazelo emfutshane yomngcipheko wokungabikho kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis ukusuka kwisini kwi-virus nganye.
I-Hepatitis A
Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zentsholongwane entsha ye-hepatitis A isasazeka ngeendlela ezithile zokuqhagamshelana ngesondo.
Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis A isasazeka ukusuka ekutyeni iifesi ezisuleleke kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A ( ukusasazeka kwe-fecal-oral ). Ukuba nesondo ngomlomo nomntu onentsholongwane ye-hepatitis A unokukutyhila kwintsholongwane. Nangona nabani na abanokufumana i-hepatitis A (abangenayo i-immune okanye ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba bangenelele) amadoda alala ngesondo kunye namanye amadoda kunye nabantu abanobudlelwane bezesondo ngomlomo basengozini yokufumana i-hepatitis A.
I-hepatitis B
Ukwabelana ngesondo kuyindlela eqhelekileyo yokuba i-hepatitis B isasazeka. Phantse amabini kwiimeko ezintathu ezibukhali e-United States zibangelwa ukunyuswa kwesondo . Kungenzeka ukuba intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ibe ngamanzi amaninzi emzimbeni, kuquka i-semen, i-vaginal fluid, kwaye kunjalo, igazi.
I-Hepatitis C
Unokutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lwezesondo nomntu osulelekileyo, kodwa oku akunjalo. Umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane yanda xa unesondo kunye nomntu ongaphezu komntu omnye, unesifo se-STD (isifo esithathelwana ngesondo), unesondo esifanelekileyo, okanye une-HIV.
I-hepatitis D
Unokungabonakaliswa kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis D (HDV) ngoqhagamshelwano lwezesondo. I-HDV, eyenziwa ngoqhagamshelwano kunye negalelo legazi, isasazeka kakhulu njenge-hepatitis B. Nangona kunjalo, i-HDV ayikwazi ukukhuphaza ngokwayo. Ingabangela kuphela izifo kubantu abasele benesifo se-hepatitis B. Ngoko ke, ukuba une-hepatitis D, uya kuba ne-hepatitis B (kodwa unokwimeko yesifo sokubulala i-hepatitis B ngaphandle kwe-hepatitis D).
I-hepatitis E
Intsholongwane ye-Hepatitis E (HEV) isasazeka, ngeendlela ezininzi, njenge-virus ye-hepatitis A. Bobabini banokusasazeka kumntu osulelekileyo kumntu ongesulelekileyo usebenzisa indlela ye-fecal-oral and both can disinate water or food supply, okubangela ukuqubuka komphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafani ne-hepatitis A (ngokutsho kwe-World Health Organisation), i-hepatitis E ayifaki ngokulula ukususela kumntu-kumntu (umzekelo ngokugubha izandla) kwaye akukho bungqina bokuba i-HEV isasazeka kumntu wesondo . I-Hepatitis E ayiqhelekanga kakhulu eUnited States.
Ukuthintela ukusasazeka ngokwesondo
Unokuthatha amanyathelo athile asebenzayo ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wakho wokusuleleka ekusasazeni ngokwesondo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukhusela ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthintana nokuqhagamshelana ngomlomo kunye naluphi na uqhagamshelwano oluchanekileyo kunye negazi elisulelekileyo, utywala lwamanzi, isisu kunye nomnxeba kuyindlela ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela nayiphi na ingozi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela ezincinci ezinqandekileyo eziya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokungcola ngexesha lesini.
Ukugonywa kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela usuleleko lwe-hepatitis A, i-hepatitis B kunye ne-hepatitis D (i-hepatitis D ayinaso isitofu esithile, kodwa inokuthintela ngokugonya kwe-hepatitis B). Esinye isicwangciso esicacileyo sokunciphisa ingozi yokusuleleka kukusebenzisa iikhondom xa ulala ngesondo, ingakumbi nomntu onentsholongwane ye-hepatitis.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. I-Viral Hepatitis.
Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. I-Hepatitis Delta: Isingeniso.
Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. I-Hepatitis E Transmission. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/whocdscsredc200112/en/index3.html#transmission