Kuphando lwezenzululwazi, umxholo wokulawula ngumntu osetyenziselwa ukubonelela isiseko sokuthelekisa. Xa abantu abasebenza njengezifundo zolawulo bahlanganiswe ndawonye babizwa ngokuba yiqela lolawulo.
Izifundo zolawulo zingasetyenziselwa kwizilingo zeklinikhi ukuze zithole ulwazi oluninzi malunga neemeko zempilo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nezo unyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kungekho rhoqo, umxholo wokulawula ngumvolontiya onempilo ongenakho izimo zezokwelapha zangaphambili.
Izifundo ezilawulwayo zixhomekeka kwiinkqubo zokungeniswa, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka babe neempawu ezithile ukuze zilungele umyalelo osesikweni ukuba zifundwe ngesandla, kunye neendlela zokungabikho, eziyimpawu ezingabandakanyi ukuba ziphathwe njengesifundo sokulawula. Impawu ezinjalo ziquka ubudala, isini, imeko yonyango kunye nembali yonyango.
Indlela IsiGaba sokuLawula esingasetyenziswa ngayo
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo apho isifundo solawulo singasetyenziswa:
Njengokuthelekisa nabantu abaneemeko ezithile: Izifundo zolawulo zingabakho kwiqela labantu abaphilileyo abafundiswayo ukuze babone indlela iimpawu zabo, iimpawu zabo, okanye iimpawu zabo eziqhathaniswa ngayo neqela labantu abathile baneengxaki ezithile zempilo. Abantu abazinikela ngokuzithandela ukukhonza njengeziphathamandla zokulawula eziphilileyo bahlala behlawulwa ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba kwisifundo.
Ukufumana i-placebo: Kwiimvavanyo zonyango malunga nokukhusela nokusebenza kwamachiza amatsha okanye unyango, izifundo ziya kuba ngabanye abaneengxaki ezifanayo zempilo njengoko izifundo zifundo, kodwa ngubani ofumana indawo ye-placebo okanye ayenyango lwe "sham".
Eli qela lingathunyelwa ngokuthi "ulawulo lwe-placebo". Kwizifundo ezifana nezifundo, ngokuqhelekileyo izifundo zinikezelwa ngenye indlela kwiqela lonyango okanye iqela lokulawula indawo ye-placebo.
Ukuthelekiswa kolutsha kwonyango elidala: Kulolu hlobo lwesifundo, izifundo zokulawula ziza kufumana uhlobo olusele luboniswe unyango kwaye luthelekiswe nabantu abafumana uhlobo lwenyango yonyango.
Uhlobo lweZifundo zoPhando kunye neMiphumo yoLawulo lweZifundo
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo zokudibanisa ezibandakanya izifundo zokulawula:
- Uyilo oluyimfama: Izifundo zokulawula azizi ukuba ziqela lolawulo okanye zifumana indawo ye-placebo.
- Uyilo oluyimpumputhe: Akukho zifundo zolawulo okanye abantu abaphethe unyango bayazi ukuba ngubani ofumana iziyobisi ze-placebo okanye i-sham okanye ukuthelekiswa.
Ukukhuselwa koLawulo lweZifundo
Kwizifundo zeeklinikhi eziphambili, kukho iinkqubo ezikhoyo ukukhusela kwingozi ekulawuleni izifundo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka imvume enolwazi, apho abathathi-nxaxheba banikezelwa ngolwazi malunga nayiphi na ingozi okanye iinzuzo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwisifundo. Ezinye iiprogram kufuneka zibe neendlela zabo, kwaye ngoko unyango lwezifundo zolawulo zivunyiwe ngamabhodi okuhlaziya amaziko (IRBs) kunye / okanye ngamacandelo e-federal ahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba aqhutywe.
Umthombo:
"Funda Ngezifundo Zezonyango" kwiClinikiTrials.gov Iwebhusayithi