I-Hepatitis A isasazeka ngokungena i-virus ye-hepatitis A (HAV) kwaye iyidlula kunye nabanye ngokuqhagamshelana nesitulo segciwane. Le ndlela yokudluliselwa kwegazi , eyaziwa njengendlela ye-fecal-oral, nayo yindlela i- hepatitis E isasazeka ngayo. Kwakukho ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis A e-United States ngo-2013.
Ngethamsanqa, nangona ukusuleleka kwe-hepatitis A kunokuhlawula kwisifo esincinci esihlala ixesha elide emva kweeveki ezimbalwa ukugula okungaphezu kweenyanga eziliqela, intsholongwane isifo esiqinileyo, esizimeleyo.
Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu basoloko bephucula ngokwabo kwaye abaqhelekanga ukuba bafumane unyango, kwaye eso sifo asiqhubeki kwifomu engapheliyo.
Ezinye iindaba ezilungileyo malunga neentsholongwane ezisasazeka ngendlela yomlomo kukuba ziyakwazi ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ngokuhlamba izandla (kukho nesitofu sokufumaneka kwesifo se-hepatitis A).
Yintoni Eyasasazwa NgamaFecal-Oral Spread?
Ukuba unentsholongwane yegciwane lesifo se-hepatitis A, unokwenza igazini kwisifo sakho kwisithuba sexesha lokugula. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngeli xesha i-stool yakho iqulethe i-HAV esebenzayo inokukhupha abanye abantu. Ukuba uhlamba ngokuzenzekelayo izandla emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, uya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasazeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngeli xesha lokuphalaza ahlamba izandla ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko unako ukusasaza intsholongwane.
Ziziphi Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Zokuba I-Hepatitis A Isasazeka?
Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis A isoloko isasazeka kumntu kumntu oqhagamshelana naye okanye ekutya okanye ngamanzi angcolileyo.
Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye nokuKhusela, le mizekelo eqhelekileyo:
- Xa umntu osulelekileyo echaphazela izinto okanye ukutya emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla
- Xa utshintsha i-diaper yomntu osulelekileyo kodwa akayi kuhlamba izandla emva koko
- Ngexesha lezenzo zesondo, ezifana nokuqhagamshelana ngomlomo
- Ngokutya okanye ukusela into engcolileyo ne-HAV
I-Hepatitis A isasazeka njani ngokutya okanye ngamanzi?
Ukutya kunye namanzi kunokungcoliswa ngabaphathi bokutya abane-hepatitis A kodwa abahlambululi izandla zabo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lolu hlobo lokusasazeka luphela kumalungu entsapho okanye kwiindwendwe zabo zokutya. Nangona kunjalo, xa umthengisi wezonka zokutya esasaza i-hepatitis A, amawaka abantu angabonakala.
Emazweni asathuthuka okanye abo abanamanzi azinzileyo, ukubonelelwa kwamanzi kunokungcoliswa. Oku kunokwenzeka xa ukusela amanzi kudibanisa ne-hepatitis A-infections. Ukutya okuninzi kunokwenzeka ukuba kungcoliswe i-HAV ziqhamo, imifuno, i-shellfish, icebo kunye namanzi.
Abantu abaphezulu beengozi
Ngenxa yokuba isasazeka, phantse nawuphi na umntu onokusuleleka ngu-hepatitis A. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abathile basengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo kwisifo. Ezi ziquka abantu aba:
- Ukuya kumazwe apho i-hepatitis A iqhelekile
- Ngaba unamadoda kwaye unxulumana ngesondo kunye namanye amadoda
- Ngaba abasebenzisi beziyobisi abangekho mthethweni
- Unemiba ye-blood clotting efana ne-hemophilia
- Hlalana nomnye umntu osuleleka ngu-hepatitis A
- Ukuthintana ngesondo ngomlomo nomntu osuleleka ku-hepatitis A
Ukuthintela kubalulekileyo
I-Hepatitis A isasazeka inokunciphisa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlamba izandla kunye nokuthintela ngokusebenzisa isitofu sokugonywa kwe- hepatitis A.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. I-Hepatitis A. http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HepatitisA.htm. Ufikelele kuJulayi 31, 2009.
Dienstag, JL. I-Hepatitis enobuGciwane. Ku: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo (eds), i -Principals of Medicine Internal , 17e. ENew York, kuMcGraw-Hill, ngo-2008.
I-Pickering, uLK (ed), Incwadi Ebomvu: Ingxelo yeKomiti yeZifo ezithathelwanayo , ngomhla wama-26 e. I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics, 2003. 311-313.