I-Hepatitis A kunye ne-Hepatitis B: Efanayo okanye eyahlukileyo?
Omnye unokukholelwa ukuba i-hepatitis A ne-B ziyinto efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi banqatshelwe ukuba yi-hepatitis kwaye yintoni. Funda kabanzi malunga ne-hepatitis, njengeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuhluka phakathi kwabo ngokufunda ngakumbi. Xa uva i-term hepatitis, ithetha enye into: ukuvuvuka kwesibindi sakho. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlakulela le meko yempilo.
Utywala kunye nemichiza ethile yilezi zizathu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqhutywe ngegciwane leentlobo ezahlukeneyo; ezi zibizwa ngokuba ngu-A, B, kunye neC. Ukuze wenze konke kube lula kuwe, nantlukwano echazwe kakuhle phakathi kwee-virus ze-hepatitis eziphawulekayo, i-hepatitis A (HAV) kunye ne-hepatitis B (HBV).
Oluphakathi
Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis A (HAV) inokufunyanwa kwindwangu yomntu obhekene ne-hepatitis A. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isasazeka ngokuqhagamshelana okufutshane phakathi kwabantu. Oku kunokuba kube ngokwesondo okanye uhlala kwindlu enye. Enye indlela elula idluliselwa ngayo isabelo sokutya kunye namanzi ahlaselwe ngumntu ohambisa intsholongwane. Ngaphezulu, ukuba uya kwindawo apho le ntsholongwane iphelile, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuzifumana.
I-Hepatitis A ibangela ukutshaya kwesibindi esikhulu, kwaye iyakwazi ukuphulukisa okanye ukuphilisa ngokwayo. Ukuba ukhulile, le meko ibaluleke kakhulu.
Njengoko kuthethwe, i-hepatitis A isenokudluliselwa kalula ukusuka komntu omnye ukuya kwelinye ngamanzi kunye nokutya kunye nobudlelwane obusondeleyo nabantu abanegciwane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hepatitis B ibonakala ngokukodwa kumanzi omzimba afana negazi. Kungenxa yoko, xa igazi lomntu ogulayo okanye umzimba womzimba ungena emzimbeni womnye, unako ukufumana isifo eso.
I-Hepatitis B isasazeka ngokubanzi ngesondo esingakhuselekanga kunye nesithinteli se-HBV okanye ukusebenzisa inaliti enesifo (ngakumbi xa abantu behlukanisa iinaliti phakathi kwabo).
Isidingo Sokugonya
Ukuthintela ulwaphulo okanye uphuhliso lwe-hepatitis A, aba bantu balandelayo kufuneka baqiniseke ukuba bagonywe:
- Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-1-2 ubudala
- Amadoda adibana nesondo kunye namanye amadoda
- Abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi ezitalatweni
- Abaqeshwa basebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, ngaphandle kwamazwe afana neKhanada, i-US kunye neJapan
- Abantu abanxulumene nabo okanye abasondeleyo nabantu abavela kumazwe aphethwe yi-HAV
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kulandelayo ngabantu ngabanye abafuna ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B:
- Abantwana kunye nentsha eneminyaka engama-0-18 ubudala
- Abantu abanezesondo
- Izigulane ezithatha i- dialysis okanye i-pre-dialysis
- Abasebenzi boomasipala, oomasipala, okanye ukhuseleko abakulungele ukutyhila igazi kunye namanzi omzimba
- Abantu abakwi-60s abanesifo sikashukela
- Abantu abane-HIV
- Abasebenzisi beziyobisi ngokusebenzisa iilisi
- Abasebenzi kunye nabemi bezakhiwo abancedisa abantu abakhubazekileyo
Iimpawu
Nangona kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hepatitis, bonke bafumana iimpawu ezifanayo. Ezi zinto zilandelayo zikhokelo ezibonisa ukuba unokwenza le ntsho longwane:
- Ukuqhwala kwesikhumba sakho
- Ukuqhwala kwesahlulo esimhlophe samehlo akho
- Ukulahleka kokutya
- Fever
- Umchamo omnyama
- I sizathu
- Ukuvutha
- Intlungu zesisu
- Ukukhathala
Sulelo
Akukho ntshosulelo engapheliyo kwi-hepatitis A, kodwa kwi-hepatitis B, kukho. Xa ufumene i-hepatitis A kanye, awuyi kuphinda ufumane kwakhona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa ye-hepatitis B, kukho ukutheleleka okukhulu kunokwenzeka ukususela ekuzalweni. E-US, malunga no-2000 ukuya ku-4000 abantu bafa ngale meko ngonyaka. Kukho iintlukwano, nangona kunjalo, phakathi kweendlela ezimbini ezichaphazela isibindi sakho.
Unyango
Akukho zonyango ezithile kulezi zintsholongwane. Unyango olusetyenziselwa i-hepatitis A ngokuqhelekileyo luxhasa ukunakekelwa.
Oku kubandakanya ukunqanda utywala kuba oko kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukutshaya kwesibindi. Kwalabo abanegciwane lesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-hepatitis B, ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango kufuneka. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezonyango zesibindi sakho zonke iinyanga ezi-6-12. Ungasebenzisa imichiza ekhutshelwe i-antiviral elayisenisiweyo njengonyango lwe-HBV. Kukho ukungafani nakwonyango lwababini kuba i-HBV ifuna uncedo lwezokwelapha ukuze lonyango. Nceda ulwazi lwakho lwe-hepatitis kwaye wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukuwuphepha. Nangona i-hepatitis A ne-B yabelana ngamaphilogomomi ambalwa, banalo ulwahlulo lwabo oluphawulekayo.
Imithombo:
Cuthbert JA. I-Hepatitis A: endala kunye entsha. Clinic Microbiol Rev. 2001 Jan; 14 (1): 38-58.
Liang TJ. I-Hepatitis B: intsholongwane kunye nesifo. Hepatology. 2009 ngoMeyi; 49 (5 i-Suppl): S13-21.