Ukwenza isigqibo soBomi malunga nokunikezelwa komzimba
Isipho somzimba kunye nesisu sisipho osishiya abanye xa ufa. Ngoxa kunokwenzeka ukuba unikele ngamalungu xa usaphila , umnikelo ngokuphindaphindiweyo usenzeka xa usweleka.
Ngokwe-Rhulumente wase-US, malunga nabantu abangama-85 bafumana izitho ezifakwe kwimihla ngemihla. Yiyo iindaba ezilungileyo. Iindaba ezimbi kukuba abantu abayi-22 baseUnited States bafa ngalunye suku balinde ilungu elingasayi kuba khona.
Ngaliphi na ixesha elithile, malunga nama-118,000 aseMelika alindele isipho sesigungu okanye isisu somzimba kumntu ofile.
Abamkeli bempilo kunye neentsapho zabaxhasi kunye nabamkeli bafumana ukwaneliseka kokubili kokunika nokufumana. Omntu ofumana ilungu elitsha okanye izicubu uya kuhlala ubomi obude kunye nobomi, okanye umgangatho wobomi bakhe uya kuphucula. Intsapho yomniki-mboleko udla ukuba ngathi ukukhathazeka kokulahlekelwa ngumthandi wabo kuncitshiswa ngolwazi lokuba ubomi bomnye umntu buphuculwe ngumnikelo.
Njengoko izigulane zicinga ukuba zifuna ukupheliswa kwazo , ziya kufuna ukufaka izigqibo malunga nokunikela ngamalungu, izicubu okanye zonke izigqeba. Imibuzo elandelayo neempendulo zinokukunceda wenze ezo zigqibo.
Ukugula okanye ubudala kuthintela njani ukunikela ngamalungu?
Ayikho iminyaka ephezulu yokunikela kombutho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umntu ogulayo xa efa, kusenokuba kusekhona isabelo somzimba onokutshintshwa.
Kuyinyaniso ukuba ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ziza kubangela ukuba abenzi bezakhelo zokutshintshwa bafake isigulane njengomxhasi. Izigulane eziqwalasela umnikelo ziyacetyiswa ukuba zenze isigqibo sokunikela, kwaye zivumele abaqeqeshi bagqibe ixesha lokufa ukuba umnikelo ungamkelwa.
Ziziphi iinxalenye zomzimba womntu onokunikwa emva kokufa ngenxa yokutshaliswa?
Amaninzi amaninzi omzimba womntu angatshintshwa kwabanye abantu ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi okanye ukubanceda baphile.
Unokunikela ngezibini ezisibhozo ezibalulekileyo, kuquka intliziyo yakho, izintso, i-pancreas, imiphunga, isibindi, namathumbu. Unokunikela izicubu ezibandakanya i-cornea yakho, isikhumba, iintliziyo zeseva, ithambo, imithana yegazi kunye nezicubu ezinxulumene. Ukutshintshwa kwezandla kunye nobuso kungabonakali kakhulu, ngoku kwenziwa.
Izitho zakho kunye nezicubu zinokubonelela ngamathuba angama-50 okutshintshwa, ngokubhekiselele kwiSebe lezeMpilo lezeNtlalo yase-United States, kubandakanywa nezitho ezibalulekileyo ezingasindisa ubomi obunesibhozo. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukufakelwa kwezicubu ze-corneal . Nangona umbono womntu ofayo ungaphelelanga, i-corneas yabo ingakuphucula amehlo abo abafumanayo. Ikhumba elinikela ngempilo lingaxhunyelwa ukuze lincede ukutshiswa kwexhoba. Intso entsha inokuvumela umntu ohlala edayalysis ngokuqhelekileyo inkululeko yokuyeka unyango lwe-dialysis.
Kuthiwani ngomnikelo wonke womzimba?
Olunye uhlobo lomnikelo, kodwa njengesipho esiningi, ngumnikelo wonke womzimba. Xa umzimba unikezelwa kwisayensi yezobugcisa, inika ithuba lokuba oogqirha bezemfundo bafunde nge-anatomy nezifo. Kwakhona kuvumela abaphandi ukuba bafunde okungakumbi ngezifo, indlela abaqala ngayo kunye nenkqubela phambili, kwaye mhlawumbi ezinye zeendlela ayenokuthi ukuthintela ngayo isifo okanye unyango.
Iiyunivesithi zonyango kunye neelabhu zophando zixabisa kakhulu iminikelo yabantu. Uninzi lweminikelo lwamkelekile, nangona ezinye izifo ezithintekayo zingalawula umnikelo. Fumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga nomnikelo wonke womzimba ngokuqhagamshelana nekholeji yezemfundo ephakamileyo kufuphi nawe, okanye enye yeeprogram ezizweni lonke ezamkela imizimba. Imibutho emibini enokuba luncedo yiReatomy Gifts Registry kunye neScience Care. Kwiimeko ezininzi, emva kokuba umzimba wakho okanye izicubu zisetyenziselwa uphando okanye uqeqesho, kukho isimo sokugqibela ngokushisa kunye nezidumbu zibuyiselwa kwintsapho.
Ngubani oza kufumana izitho kunye nezicubu zakho?
Izigqibo malunga nokuba ngubani oza kufumana ezo zitholo ezinempilo kunye nezicubu kufuneka zilungele kwaye zibe nenjongo. E-United States, izitho azikwazi ukuthengwa okanye zithengiswe ngokusemthethweni, kwaye izigqibo malunga nokuba ngubani oza kunikwa amalungu esandul 'ukuvuna ezenziwe ngokusekelwe kumgangatho wazo.
Inhlangano ebizwa nge-UNOS (iNethiwekhi yoMbutho we-Organ Sharing) yindlela yokulawula ngokubanzi indlela ezo zigqibo ezenziwe ngayo. Bagcina uluhlu lwamagama ezigulane, indawo zabo zendawo, kunye neemfuno zabo. Njengoko izigulane zilindele ukugula izilwanyana ukuba zifumaneke, ezo nhlu zihlaziywa. Naliphi na umzuzu, unokujonga indawo ye-UNOS ukuze ubone ukuba baninzi abantu baseUnited States abalinde iziphi iziko okanye izicubu ezithile.
Yintoni eyenzekayo ekufeni ukuba ungumnikeli womzimba?
Ukuba ufa kwisibhedlele okanye kwenye indawo, uchwepheshe wezinto zokuthenga uya kuqhagamshelana nomntu osondeleyo emva koko, okanye ngaphambi kokufa kwakho. Intsapho yakho iya kunikwa ulwazi, ibuzwe imibuzo malunga nokuba ungathanda ukunikela ngamalungu kunye nezicubu, okanye nokuba umzimba wakho wonke. Ingcali iza kujonga ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba kunye nerejista yelizwe ukuze ubone ukuba ukhethe ukuzimisela kwakho ukuba ngumnikeli.
Intsapho yakho iya kuba nexesha elifutshane kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha emva kwemizuzu emva kokufa kwakho, ukugqiba ukuba ngaba bayifuna loo mnikelo wenziwe. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenze iinqwenela zakho zaziwa kwintsapho yakho ngelixa usaphila ngokwaneleyo ukuba ube nencoko.
Uya kusaya kuba nomngcwabo ovulekileyo xa unelungu, iliso, okanye umxhasi wezinto. Umzimba wakho uya kuphathwa ngentlonipho nangesidima xa izicubu zivunwa.
Kubiza kangakanani ukunikela umzimba wakho okanye izitho?
Akukho ndleko kumnikeli okanye kwintsapho yomnikeli. Intsapho isenyanzelekile ukufihla iindleko zomngcwabo. Iindleko zokutshintshwa kwezityalo zithathwa zizigulane ezifuna izitho okanye izicubu.
Ngaba kukho imingcele yecawa yeminikelo yombutho?
Ienkolelo zenkolo aziqhelwanga zizathu zokugatya ingcamango yokunikela amalungu, izicubu, okanye umzimba. I-OrganDonor.gov uluhlu lweenkolelo kunye neenkolelo zabo malunga neminikelo kunye nokufakelwa. Uninzi lweenkcubeko kunye neenkcubeko zobuKristu, ubuYuda, kunye ne-Islam ziyavuma ukunikela ngomzimba kwaye zihlala zikhuthaza. Iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo ngamaNgqina kaYehova, iiNzululwazi zamaKristu, kunye nokholo lwamaShinto.
Ngaba oogqirha baya kusebenza nzima ukuba basindise ubomi bakho ukuba bayazi ukuba ungumnikeli womzimba?
Oku bekukho ukwesaba, mhlawumbi kusekelwe kwiifilimu ezimbi okanye iingcamango ezicacileyo, kodwa akunjalo. Eneneni enye yeengcamango ezininzi ezibhekiswe kwi-website ye-United Network ye-Organ Sharing (UNOS).
Oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango banomsebenzi wokuqala wokuqinisekisa ukuba bahlala bephila nje nje ngokuba banako, kwaye nje kuphela xa intsapho yakho ifuna ukuba uhlale uphila. Naliphi na ezinye izigqibo malunga neminikelo eyenzekayo ngaphandle kokuba kungekho nethemba onokuthi uhlale usaphila.
Uba njani ilungu okanye umnikeli womzimba wonke?
Unako ukubhalisa njengomnikeli wombutho ukuba uneminyaka eyi-18 okanye ngaphezulu. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubhalisa, ngokubhekiselele kwi-intanethi okanye ngomntu kwiSebe lezithuthi zendawo. Emva koko kufuneka wenze isifiso sakho saziwa kwintsapho yakho . Ngelixa uchaza intsingiselo yakho kwintsapho yakho, bacele ukuba babe ngumbutho okanye abaxhasi bomzimba, nabo. Kwakhona, kufuneka uhlakulele amaxwebhu asemthethweni . Ngelixa uchaza intsingiselo yakho kwintsapho yakho, bacele ukuba babe ngumbutho okanye abaxhasi bomzimba, nabo.
Uninzi luyakuvumela ukuba ukhethe iziphi iziko okanye izicubu ozilungele ukuzinikela okanye ukuba uzimisele ukunikela nantoni na isetyenziswayo. Ungatshintsha isimo sakho somnikeli nganoma naliphi ixesha, kodwa akudingeki uqhubeke uvuselela. Ukuba kwi-registry yombuso ngumvume womthetho.
> Imithombo:
> Amanqaku Ngomnikelo Wemizimba. Unxibelelwano oluManyeneyo loKwabelana ngeQumrhu. https://www.unos.org/donation/facts/.
> Iimbuzo zeMinikelo yokuNika. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. https://www.organdonor.gov/about/facts-terms/donation-faqs.html.