Indlela Yokunikela I-Organ kuMhlobo okanye Ilungu Lentsapho

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Yintoni ephilayo ehambelana nomnikelo womzimba?

Kwizigulane ezijongene nokungaphumeleli komzimba kwaye zifuna ukutshintshwa, ukufumana umniki-nkonzo ochaphazelekayo ochaphazelekayo unokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana ukufakelwa ngaphandle kokulinda ixesha elide. Iminikelo ehambelana nokuphila yintlobo yokuqala yenkxaso yombutho , ngokuqala ngokutshintshwa kweengtso ngo-1954, ngeentliziyo ezinikelwa ngumfana wesiguli esifanayo.

Iminikelo ehambelana nokuphila iya kuba yindume kakhulu njengoko izigulane zilinde ixesha elide kunokuba lize litshintshwe. Ithuba elihle kakhulu lesigulana sokutshintshwa, ngaphandle kokulinda ixesha elide, kukufumana umnikezeli osapho lwabo okanye umhlobo.

Iingongona azikho kuphela umbutho onokunikwa ngumnikeli ophilayo; iziqwenga zesibindi, amacandelo emiphunga kunye namathumbu emathumbu anganikelwa ngesihlobo. Olu hlobo lomnikelo luyancipha ukulinda ukutshintshwa, okubaluleke ngakumbi kuba izigulane zihlala zigula njengoko zilinde. Amaxesha okulinda amancinci athuthukisa ithuba lomphumo obalaseleyo, njengoko ummkeli ophilileyo kwaye onokukwazi ukunyamezela ukuhlinzwa ngexesha lokutshintshwa.

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Ubani Ongaba Ngumdlali Wezinto Eziphilayo? Ukuba ngumniki-nkonzo ophilileyo akulula nje ngokuba neemvavanyo zegazi ukuze ubone ukuba ungumlingani kumntu onokufumana. Kufuneka ube nesimo sengqondo kunye nomzimba kakuhle ukuze unikele ngempumelelo ilungu.

Abanikeli abanokwenzeka kufuneka:

• Yiba nempilo ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu zonyango
• Yiba nokuphakama kwesisindo
• Awunayo imbali yesifo sikashukela, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo senhliziyo
• Yiba ngumdala ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65
• Unalo uhlobo lwegazi oluhambelanayo
• Ayinayo ingxaki yengqondo eya kubaphazamisa izakhono zokwenza izigqibo

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Ukuvavanya Ukunikezwa Kwempahla Yomzimba

Kukho iimvavanyo ezifunekayo phambi kokuba umntu anike umbutho. Uvavanyo lweengqondo lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umniki-mali unokukwazi ukuqonda isigqibo sokunikela, ingozi yomnikelo kunye nenkqubo yokunikela. Uvavanyo olunzulu lwezonyango luyenziwe ukukhusela bobabini umnikeli kunye nommkeli. Umnikeli, kubalulekile ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba luphilile kwaye aluyi kuphazamiseka ngumnikelo. Ummkeli, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ukuba ilungu liya kuba ngumdlalo omhle kwaye aliyi kunqandwa, kwaye umniki-mali akanakho izifo ezinokudluliselwa kummkeli, kuquka ne-hepatitis, i-HIV okanye umhlaza.

Igazi liya kutsalwa iimvavanyo eziliqela. Uvavanyo oluphambili lwe-typing blood luza kwenziwa kunye nokuthayipha izicubu, ukuhambelana kunye nokuhlolisiswa kwamagciwane. Ezi mvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba umnikeli uyahambelana nommkeli, okanye ukuba kukho ubukhulu obuphezulu bokugatywa komzimba.

I-x-ray iyakwenziwa ukwenzela ukujonga nayiphi na ingxaki yeentliziyo kunye nemiphunga. Iisampula zee-urine ziya kuhlaziywa kumsebenzi wequmrhu kwimeko yabaniki bezintso. Abaxhasi basetyhini baya kuba novavanyo olupheleleyo lwezemvelo kunye nokuba lunomzimba. Iimvavanyo ezithile zecandelo elongezelelweyo zinokuyalelwa njengokuba ugqirha wokutyalela ubona kuyimfuneko.

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Izinketho Zomzimba Xa Uhlobo Lungafanani

Ukuba isihlobo okanye iqabane elizimisele ukunikela alifani nomnikelo, umnikelo odibeneyo uyona khetho. Umnikelo odibeneyo uyenzeka xa umntu ofuna ukutshintshwa akufani nomntu ofanelekileyo wokunikela. Le sibini ihambelana kunye nesibini esibini, esingafani.

Umzekelo ngulo: Ummkeli A kunye nomlingane wakhe, uMnikeli A, angafani. Ummkeli B nomlingane wakhe, uMnikeli B, musa ukuhambelana. Ummkeli A ufumana iinjongo ze-Donor B kunye noMmkeli B ufumana iinjongo ze-Donor's, zonke ngosuku.

Ukuba umnikelo odibeneyo awunayo inketho, ukhetho olulandelayo uluhlu lwesilinda lokulinda, apho izigulane zilindele ilungu kumnikeli oshonile.

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Izingozi zeMpilo yoMnikelo

Ukongeza kwingozi enkulu yokuhlinzwa , ukunikezela kwilungu kunobungozi obongezelelweyo.

Ubungozi bokuba ngumnikezeli wezintso

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Iiprotheyini kumchamo, onokubonisa ukuhluleka kwangaphambili kwezintso

Ubungozi boMnikelo weLung

• Amacwecwe egazi, ngokukodwa kwimiphunga
• Ukuphefumula okunzima
• Iphunga lephunga
• Iingxaki zeentliziyo eziquka iziqhelo ezingavamile zentliziyo
• Ukukhulelwa kunye nokuvuvukala kwemiphunga

Ubungozi boMnikelo Wezondlo

• Amacwecwe egazi
• Amancinci amancinci
• Iingxaki zokuhlamba

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Iindleko zokuba eziphilayo ezibandakanya umnikelo womzimba

Ukuba ucinga ukuba ngumnikeli wombutho, kubalulekile ukwazi iindleko zomnikelo. Iindleko zonyango ezinxulumene nokunikela ngumbutho zihlawulwa yinshurensi yommangali, kuquka neebhilile zesibhedlele, ukuvavanywa phambi kokuhlinzwa kunye nezinye iindleko zonyango ezihambelana ngqo nomnikelo. Oku kuyinyaniso kuzo zonke iintlobo zomnikelo wombutho .

Iindleko ezongezelelweyo ezifumana amaxhoba aphilileyo, kuquka ukulahlekelwa kwemvuzo, iindleko zokunyamekela abantwana ngexesha lokuphucula, ukutya, indawo yokulala kunye neendleko zokuhamba, azifaki. Ukuba umniki-nkonzo uneshuwalense yokukhubazeka, akukho nto ilahlekelwa ngumvuzo okanye ilahleko ingancitshiswa.

Kubaxhasi abanobunzima ngeendleko ezingagqitywa yi-inshorensi, iNkqubo yoNcedo lweSizwe yoMnikelo onokunika uncedo unokukunceda ngeendleko.

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Ukujamelana Nezinto Eziphilayo Ezixhasayo

Kukho imiba ebalulekileyo yeengxaki ezibandakanyekayo kokubinikela kunye nokufumana ilungu, kwaye ukukwazi ukujamelana nale micimbi kubalulekile kubo bobabini umnikeli kunye nommkeli. Kubalulekile ukuba neengxoxo ezivulekileyo nezingenangqiqo malunga nokulindeleke ukuba umnikeli kunye nommkeli abe nazo, kunye neengxakini kunye neengxaki, phambi kokutshintshwa.

Funda kabanzi malunga nemiba ejongene nabaxhasi kunye nabamkeli kwiCoping Emva kokuThuthukiswa komzimba phambi kokuba iingxaki ziphuhlise phakathi kwamalungu entsapho nabahlobo.

> Imithombo:

> Umnikelo Wokuphila. Unxibelelwano oluManyeneyo loLuntu lokwabelana. 2008. http://www.transplantliving.org/livingdonation/default.aspx