Impendulo Yinto Efanayo Ngayiphi na indoda ene-Cholesterol ephezulu
Nangona imicimbi yezempilo ilula ukuyihoxisa, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ngokukodwa imilinganiselo ye-LDL ephezulu ("i-cholesterol embi") ayikho enye yazo. Iingxaki zeCholesterol zinokuchaphazela nabani na. Ukuqwalasela ama-cholesterol amanqanaba kubalulekile kuba abantu abanamafutha angama-cholesterol abangenasifo ngokuqhelekileyo abavelanga iimpawu ezithile.
Sibanzi
I-cholesterol ephakamileyo, echazwa njengezinga le-cholesterol elingaphaya kwama-240gramgram nganye nge-deciliter (mg / dL), ininzi kakhulu kunezinga eliphantsi kakhulu.
Inqanaba le-cholesterol elijoliswe kumntu omdala, onempilo lingaphantsi kwama-200 mg / dL, ngelixa amazinga aphakathi kwama-200 mg / dL kunye ne-239 mg / dL aqwalaselwa phezulu. Izikhokelo zamanje zikhuthaza ukuba abadala abadala bahlole i-cholesterol yabo amanqanaba ubuncinane kanye emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Abantu abanezinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol okanye i-LDL banomngcipheko omkhulu wokwanda kwesifo senhliziyo, eyona nto ibangela ukufa kubantu baseUnited States. Abantu abayi-25.6 yezigidi baye bafumanisa isifo senhliziyo minyaka yonke, kwaphumela ekufeni kwabangu-650 000 ngonyaka.
Kubonakala ngathi i-cholesterol ibonwe idemoni ngezathu elungileyo, kodwa imizimba yethu ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwezinto ezithambileyo. I-cholesterol ikhona kuyo yonke iseli kwaye ikhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-hormone, ukugonya, kunye nokuguqulwa kwelanga zibe yi-vitamin D. Phantse i-75% ye-cholesterol ekhoyo egazini iveliswa sisibindi, ngelixa i-cholesterol esele ivela kwi-yokutya.
Ukuxilongwa
Izivavanyo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya amanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini. I-cholesterol epheleleyo, i-cholesterol embi, i- HDL ("i-cholesterol efanelekileyo"), kunye ne-triglycerides (ifom ephezulu yomzimba womzimba). lokuzila ukutya, inikeza ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi kwee-cholesterol nge-lipid uhlobo (LDL, HDL, kunye ne-triglycerides).
Izikhokelo zamanqanaba e-cholesterol zamanje ziphakamisa:
- I-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") : Amanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-100 mg / dL abonwa njengempilo. Amanqanaba angaphezu kwe-190 mg / dL ayimpilo.
- I-HDL ("i-cholesterol efanelekileyo") : Amanqanaba angaphezu kwama-60 mg / dL aphilileyo. Amanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-40 mg / dAyingozi.
- I-Triglycerides: Amanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-150 mg / dL aphilileyo. Amanqanaba angaphezu kwama-500 mg / dL ayimpilo.
I-cholesterol ye-HDL-"i-cholesterol enhle" -ebenza njengabasebenzi bokuhlanjululwa kwigazi ngelokuhamba nge "cholesterol embi" (LDL) kwisibindi sokulahlwa ngokukhuselekileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba amazinga aphezulu e-HDL ayenzela intliziyo.
Izizathu
Ukugcina izinga eliphilileyo le-cholesterol kubalulekile ukugcina intliziyo ephilileyo. NgokweNkqubo yeSizwe ye-Cholesterol Education (NCEP), isicwangciso seNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute, amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol amaninzi ayingozi kubantu abathuma. Ukongezelela, abantu abanesifo sikashukela okanye abagqithiseleyo, okanye abanamafutha e-HDL aphantsi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye intsapho yentsholongwane yesifo senhliziyo, kufuneka balwele ukugcina amanqanaba e-cholesterol enempilo.
Abangama-7 kuwo wonke amawaka a-1000 ahluphekayo kwi-hypercholesterolemia yesizwe, imeko yezofuzo ezinokuphakamisa amazinga e-cholesterol ngamaxesha amabini aqhelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwindlela yokuphila kunye nempilo yonke, iminyaka yobudala nayo ingumngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-cholesterol ephezulu. Abantu abadala, ngokukodwa amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala kunye nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala, banako ukubona amazinga abo e-cholesterol akhula ngenxa yokuba imizimba yabo ayifanelekanga ekusebenziseni nasekukhuliseni i-cholesterol. Enyanisweni, amadoda anamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol ahlala ehlaselwa yintliziyo yokuqala xa ephakathi kweminyaka eyi-40 ukuya kwe-50 ubudala.
Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaselula abakwazi ukufumana ingozi ye-cholesterol ephezulu. Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba i-fatty plaques ye-cholesterol inokuqalisa ukudala kakuhle phambi kokuba umntu ekhulile, ekhokelela kwimibhobho enobuncwane kwaye, mhlawumbi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo.
Indlela yokuphila
Kwiimeko ezininzi, utshintsho ekudleni nasekunyuseni umzimba luyindlela yokuqala yokunciphisa izinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol.
I-NCEP icebisa ukufumana okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokusebenzisa yonke imihla. Ezinye iindlela ezicetywayo ziquka ukunqanda amafutha amaninzi kunye ne-cholesterol nokugcina ubunzima obuphilileyo. Ukugqithisela ngokuqhelekileyo kukhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol elipheleleyo kuba amaninzi emzimbeni anganyusa i-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides egazini.
Ukutya Ukuphepheka
- Ukutya ukuphepha ukuba unamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kubandakanya isonka esimhlophe, iifatata ezimhlophe, kunye nelayisi emhlophe, iimveliso zobisi ezipheleleyo, kunye naluphi na ushukela ococekileyo.
- Ukutya okuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa i-cholesterol kubandakanya iintlanzi ezinamanci , i- walnuts kunye nezinye iisuthi , i- oatmeal , i-psyllium (kunye nezinye iimbumba ezinqabileyo) kunye nokutya okuqhotyoshelweyo nge- sterols zityalo okanye i-stanols.
Mayeza
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila yedwa ayisebenzanga, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iklasi ethile yezilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba yi- statins , ezinceda ukunciphisa i-LDL kunye namazinga e-triglyceride kunye nokwandisa amazinga e-HDL. Iitatimins, iklasi ephezulu kakhulu echanekileyo ye-cholesterol-ehlisa iziyobisi, yenza ngokuvimbela ukuveliswa kwe-cholesterol ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela enye yemithi eninzi ekhoyo: i-Lipitor ( atorvastatin ), i-Zocor ( simvastatin ), i-Mevacor (i-lovastatin), i-Lescol (i-fluvastatin), i-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin) okanye iPravachol (pravastatin).
Imithombo:
"Igazi Eliphezulu le-Cholesterol: Okufuneka Ukwazi." NHLBI. NgoJuni 2005. amaZiko eNational Health.
" Isifo sentliziyo ." IZiko leSizwe leeMpilo zoLwazi. 31 Disemba 2007. Amaziko okuLawula izifo. 27 Feb 2008.
"Ukuphila kweenguqu kunye neCholesterol." American Heart Association. Oktobha 26, 2015.
Fallon Jr., uL. Fleming. "Hypercholesterolemia." I-AtoZ yezeMpilo, iGale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2006. iGale Group.