Ngaphambi kokuba ndifumene ukuba ndine-arthritis, andizange ndihlaziye i-anatomy yamalungu omntu. Ngenye yezinto izinto ezithathwa ngabantu - ukuhamba ngokubambisana ngokuqhelekileyo. Okokude, kubekho into ehambileyo eyenza intlungu edibeneyo, umonakalo odibeneyo, ukukhubazeka ngokuhlangeneyo, kunye neloluhlu oluthile lokunyakaza. Masiqhathanise isiqhelo esifanelekileyo kunye nomxube we-arthritic.
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Joint JointEmzimbeni womntu, idibeneyo yenziwa apho iziphelo zamathambo amabini zidibana, zivumela ukuhamba. Apho amathambo amabini enza inxowankulu ehambayo, njenge-hip okanye ihlombe, yaziwa ngokuba yi-diarthrosis, efana negama elithi "intlangano ye-synovial". Ngokuxhomekeke kwintsebenziswano ekhethekileyo, ukunyakaza okuhlangeneyo kunokubandakanya ukuphanga (ukuhamba kude kwinqanaba lomzimba); ukunyuswa (ukunyuka ukuya kwinqanaba lomzimba); ukwandiswa (ukulungiswa); ukuhamba (ukugoba); kunye nokujikeleza (ukunyakaza kwesetyhula). Umnxeba we-synovial ophilileyo unokuhamba ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lokunyakaza .
Umxube we synovial une-capsule (ebizwa ngokuba yi-capsule ehlangeneyo) eline- synovium (ebizwa ngokuba yimbane edibeneyo) kwaye igcwele i-synovial fluid. Amathambo ehlangene ne-synovial ahlanganiswe ngu-hyaline (articular) cartilage .
- I- capsule edibeneyo isigxoke esigxina esilungisa ngokupheleleyo. Igama elithi "ligament" libhekisela kwizicubu ezinxulumeneyo ezifakwe kwisithambo. I-capsule edibeneyo inikeza ukuzinza okuzinzileyo ngokunyusa ukunyakaza kwaye, ngenxa yokupheliswa kwayo kwemizwa, kukuvumela ukuba wazi indawo edibeneyo.
- I- synovium (ebizwa ngokuba yi-membrane synovial) yimbumba yesibuncu edibeneyo elineenkalo ze-capsule ehlangeneyo, kunye ne-tendon sheaths kunye ne-bursae. Iintendon ziyi-band of fibrous tissu ezixhomekeke kwizihlunu ezihambisa amathambo akho. I-Bursae i-sacs epheleleyo, egcwele izixhobo ezibonelela ukukhwabanisa apho i-skin, imisipha, i-tendon, kunye ne-ligaments ibhaqa amathambo.
- I-Synovial fluid , eveliswa yi synovium, inika ukutya okunomsoco kwaye iyanceda ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngexesha lokuhamba.
- I-carticlage ye-Articular iyincuba enzima kodwa iguquguqukayo eyenziwe ngamanzi angama-85% kunye ne-matric ye-collagen, iprotheni kunye noshukela. I-cartilage inikeza indawo evuzayo evumela amathambo ukuba ahambe ngokukhululekileyo ngelixa ekunciphiseni ukuxhatshazwa nokuxhalabisa.
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I-Arthritic JointZininzi iintlobo ze-arthritis . Iintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ze-arthritis zi- osteoarthritis kunye ne- rheumatoid arthritis . Nge-osteoarthritis, bekuye kwacatshulelwa ukuba i-cartilage ibonakaliswe njengoko iguguleka, uhlobo lweengxaki ze-biomechanical. Ngethuba le nkqubo, i- spurs bone iyakhula kwaye i-synovial fluid iyanda. Ngaloo tshintsho, amaqabane abe nzima, abuhlungu, kwaye unomlinganiselo osesikweni wokunyakaza. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baye baqala ukuguqula indlela yabo yokucinga baze banikele ngakumbi inkcazo kwinkqubo yokuvuvukala njengobangela we-osteoarthritis, ubuncinane kwezinye iimeko.
Ukuqala kwe-rheumatoid arthritis yinkqubo yokuvuvukala . Ngo kuvutha okuhlangeneyo, i-synovium iyanda. Iiseli zeSynovial zanda kwinani ngelixesha lokunyusa. I synovium iyaba yimihla (izaliswe ngamanzi) kwaye iyenyuliswa ngokubunjwa kwemithambo entsha yegazi. Ukuveliswa kwemveliso yamanzi e-Synovial kwanda kwaye i-capsule ehlangeneyo ikhupha kunye nalezi nguqulelo. Ukujikeleza iiseli ezivuthayo zingena ngaphakathi kweethambo ezihlangeneyo. Iinkqubo zeselula ezenzeka ngexesha lokuvuvukala kwaye utshintsho oluthile lubizwa ngokuba yi-synovitis esebenzayo. Nge-Synovitis esebenzayo, ukucaphukisa kunye nokuvuvukala kwimbane yokudibanisa, ukuchithwa kwe-cartilage, kunye neengxaki zethambo zingenzeka.
> Imithombo:
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259958/
> Amalungu. I-Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. Pekka Mooar, MD Julayi 2007.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/bone_joint_and_muscle_disorders/biology_of_the_musculoskeletal_system/joints.html
> I-Joint Joint. WorldOrtho. Amacandelo Ayingxenye 1. NguSara Saw noMagdalena Mironowicz.
> Synovium eqhelekileyo. Malcolm D. Smith. I-Open Rheumatology Journal, ngo-2011, 5, (iSiza > 1: iM2) > 100-106
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> I- Arthritis ye-Rheumatoid: I-Early diagnosis and Treatment. I-Pathology ye-RA. PP.16-19. NguJohn J. Cush MD, uMichael E. Weinblatt, MD, no-Arthur Kavanaugh, MD. Uluhlu lwesithathu. Copyright 2010.