Iintlungu ze- Osteoarthritis ngokucacileyo zibonakalisa uphawu oluqhelekileyo nolunxulumene nesifo. Ngenxa yokuba i- carticlage ye-articular ayinayo igazi kwaye ayiyikuphela kweentsholongwane ezibangelwa intlungu?
Ubunzima buvela kwiinguqu kwi-Joint
I-osteoarthritis ubuhlungu mhlawumbi ivela kwezinye izakhiwo ngaphakathi kwintsebenziswano echaphazelekayo eyenziwa utshintsho xa i-cartilage iphela.
Nangona i-cartilage ingenakho ukupheliswa kwemizwa, izakhiwo ezijikelezayo zenza. Ukulahleka kwe-cartilage, ukuphuhliswa kwethambo ukujikeleza kwimida ye-joint, kunye ne-synovitis ukuvuvukala kwintlungu emathambo nasemasiphayeni ngokujikeleza.
Ngokomzekelo, izakhiwo ezitshintsha nge-osteoarthritis ziquka:
Ithambo le-subchondral - Eli liluhlu lwesithambo ngaphantsi kwe-cartilage. Xa umntu une-osteoarthritis, kukho ukunyuka kwegazi kunye nezinye iinguqu eziphuhliswa kwisithandle se-subchondral. Ezi ziquka ezi nkqubo ezinokubangela intlungu ye-osteoarthritis ngokubambisana:
- I-Subchondral sclerosis : oku kwandiswa kwexinzelelo lweethambo kunye nokuxinwa kwalolu hlobo. Ibonisa kwi-ray-ray njengethambo elingaqhelekanga kunye nomgca odibeneyo.
- I-subchondral cysts : ezi zi-sacs ezizaliswe ngamanzi ezixhamla kwi-joint, ezifumaneka rhoqo kwiindawo zokuqala ze-osteoarthritis.
- Uxinzelelo olungakumbi ngaphakathi kwethambo.
Umda ohlangeneyo - Kukhona ukuxinwa kwe-capsule kunye kunye nokwakhiwa kwe- osteophyte ezingabangela intlungu. I-osteophytes yaziwa nangokuthi i-bone spurs. Ziqhelekile kwiindawo zokuguga kwaye zinakho okanye zingabandakanywa nentlungu. Bahlakulela njengoko umzimba uzama ukulungisa i-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo.
I-Capsule kunye ne-synovium - Kunokunyuka kobuninzi be- synovium kunye nokuvuvukala kancinane kule ndawo ebangela intlungu.
Oku kunciphisa intsebenziswano kwaye kwandisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi.
I-Tendons kunye ne-bursa - I-Tendinitis kunye ne-bursitis eyenzeka malunga nomdibaniso inokubangela intlungu, ukunciphisa intlobo ye-motion , ukuchithwa kwemisipha kunye nobuthakathaka bemisipha.
Kwi-joint joint, i-cartilage ijikeleze ukuphela kwethambo ngalinye. Kulukhuni kodwa lugxininisa kwaye lenziwe nge-collagen ene-fibrous, i-proteoglycans eneentambo kunye neeseli ze-chondrocyte ezivelisa nokugcina i-cartilage. I-cartilage kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo we-synovial fluid kugcina idibeneyo igcobile kwaye ihambela kakuhle kwi-capsule ehlangeneyo. Iigamente, iintambo, kunye nezihlunu ezithutha idibeneyo ziyakwazi ukwenza njalo ngaphandle kweenyoka.
Nge-osteoarthritis, i-cartilage igugile kwiindawo kwaye ithambo lingakhula lijikeleze emacaleni omdibaniselwano. Ezi ziqhamo zebony ziyakuthintela umsebenzi ogqithiseleyo wokubambisana. I-cartilage eyenza amathambo aphulukane ngaphaya komnye awonakele okanye aphelile kwaye akakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi obalulekileyo. I-Synovitis ikhula, ukuvuvukala kubangela ukuba i-synovial fluid ikhulise, eyenza idibeneyo igubungele kwaye ibome.
Ngokugqithisa okuqhubekayo kwe-cartilage, ukunyuka kweziphelo zamathambo kunye ne-synovium, une-bone-on-bone-rubbing ebangela ukuba buhlungu ngakumbi.
Inkqubo yesifo ehambelana ne-osteoarthritis inzima. Kubalulekile ukunyanga ubuhlungu be-osteoarthritis kunye nokuphucula ngokukhawuleza xa kunokwenzeka, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda umthombo wentlungu.
Imithombo:
Osteoarthritis: Ukuxilonga. MerckMedicus. Matshi 2001.
I-Handout kwiMpilo: i-Osteoarthritis. Iziko leSizwe leArthritis kunye neMisculoskeletal kunye Nezifo Zezikhumba, iiNational Institutes of Health. Epreli, 2015.