I-Polypharmacy ne-Drug-Impuced Impairment Incogment
Udidekile, utyhile kwaye akakwazi ukukhumbula izinto? Nangona ezi zibonakaliso zibangelwa yi- Alzheimer kunye nezinye iintlobo zengqondo yokugula komzimba , kukho enye into, mhlawumbi ingaguquleka, ibangele : amayeza. Amayeza amaninzi, ebizwa ngokuba yi- polypharmacy , anokuchaphazela ukukwazi kwakho ukucinga ngokucacileyo, khumbula kwaye wenze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuchithwa kweCognitive Incress
Ngokomnye uphando, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubakho kuma-22 ekhulwini abo bathatha amayeza amancinci amahlanu okanye ambalwa, ngelixa elo nani landa ukuya kuma-33 ekhulwini kubantu abathatha amayeza angamahlanu kunye nama-54 ekhulwini kulabo bathabatha imithi eyi-10 okanye ngaphezulu.
Uphando lwesibini kwii-12 zeepesenti ye- dementias linokuthi luhambelane ne-polypharmacy. Ucwaningo lwesithathu lufumene ukuba umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-delirium wawuphindwe kabini kulabo bathabatha amayeza angaphezu kwamahlanu. Izibonakaliso zokukhubazeka okucokisekileyo kwengqondo okanye i- delirium ephuhliswayo xa umntu ethatha amayeza amaninzi kufuneka aphandwe ngokuphandle.
Iiklasi zeMithi eziPhakamileyo
Ngokutsho kwiphepha le- Clinical Geriatrics , "iiklasi zamachiza ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokusebenza kwabalupheleyo ziquka izidakamizwa ze-anticholinergic, izidakamizwa ze- psychotropic , i- analgesics , i- sedative-hypnotics , kunye neziyobisi ngefestile elincinci yokwelapha."
Yintoni i-Polypharmacy?
Igama le- poly lithetha ezininzi, kwaye ikhemisi libhekisela kumachiza. Ngoko, i-polypharmacy yinto eninzi (echazwe ngaphezu kweyesihlanu kwimithombo ethile kunye nangaphezulu kweyesithandathu kwabanye) amayeza asetyenziswa ukuphatha umntu. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho iimeko ezininzi apho amayeza amaninzi afunekayo kwaye afanelekileyo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza amaninzi, ngokukodwa kubantu abadala, banakho nemiphumo engavumelekanga.
8 Iingxaki zePolyrmacy
Kukho iziganeko ezininzi ezibangela i-polypharmacy, kubandakanywa oku kulandelayo:
1. Oogqirha abaninzi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu baya kudokotela abangaphezu kweyodwa, njengengcali, kwiinkxalabo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba awucaciswanga ngokucacileyo ukuba amayeza anqunywe ngabanye oogqirha, okanye ukuba iirekhodi zakho zonyango azihanjiswanga ngogqirha ozayo, uninzi lwamachiza unokumiselwa.
2. Izityalo kunye neZongezelelo
Kufuneka unike ingxelo nayiphi na imifuno okanye izongezelelo ozithatha ugqirha wakho. Nangona zinokuba zendalo, ziyakwazi ukuchaphazela indlela umzimba wakho uthatha ngayo amayeza kwaye ubeke ithuba lokusebenzisana namayeza.
3. Ukuzincoma
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ukuba iipilisi ezimbini zilungile, ezine zibhetele. Okanye, baboleka amayeza kumakhelwane babo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo neentlungu. Khumbula ukuba ukuxuba kunye nokuzinyamezela ngamachiza kunokuba nemiphumo emibi, bobabini abangayincedi ingxaki enethemba lokujongana nayo, kunye nokubangela ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi ezinobungozi.
4. Iingcali ezixhomekeke kumachiza
Ngokukodwa kwinkcubeko yethu, kuqhelekileyo ukukhangela amayeza kuyo yonke into. Ndiziva ndixhalabile? Thatha i pilisi. Lakho idolo libuhlungu? Unamayeza. Cholesterol ephezulu? Nantsi enye ipilisi. Ewe, kukho amayeza amahle-kwaye ayenokuba yilungiso ngqo oluyidingayo. Kodwa, kwezinye iimeko, zikhona ezinye iindlela ezinokuzanywa kuqala, ezifana nokucebisa, unyango lomzimba okanye ukutya okunempilo kunye ne-exercise regimen.
5. Iimpazamo zoLawulo lweMithi
Kwabanye abantu, ukuthatha imithi ngokufanelekileyo ngumngeni. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantu bayalibale ukuba bathabatha iyeza zabo baze bathathe elinye idosi, bathathe ngexesha elingalunganga lomhla, bathathe ngokutya xa bekungekho ngaphandle, okanye bafumane amayeza adidekile baze bathathe ipilisi engafanelekanga.
Ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo yokulawulwa kweyeza inokukunceda ukukhusela ezi ntlobo zeephene.
6. Ukusetyenziswa kweMithi yoLwabiwo-mali
Kukho amayeza amaninzi angaphaya kwe-anti-prescription ayifumanekanga ngaphandle kwemithi, kodwa njengemifuno kunye neengongezelo, unako ukuthabatha amaninzi ala mayeza, kwaye angakwazi ukusebenzisana kakubi namanye amayeza.
7. Izibhedlele
Ngamanye amaxesha amayeza athile anqunywe xa umntu esesibhedlele, kwaye zijoliswe kwiimeko zesikhashana. Kodwa, njengoko ixesha liqhubeka, loo mayeza ayinakuze anqunywe. Xa uhamba kwisigqeba sokuqokwa kukagqirha emva kokuhlala esibhedlele, cela udokotela wakho ukuba ahlaziye amayeza owathathayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke bafanelekile.
8. Ukunyanga iMiphumo yecandelo leMida kunye namanye amayeza
Le ngxaki eqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iyeza linefuthe elibi lokubangela ukuqothulwa, ugqirha unokuyalela enye ipilisi endaweni yokucebisa ukuba usebenzise okungaphezulu, uphuze amanzi amaninzi kwaye udle iifriji ezininzi. Ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho, ukuba iyeza lingaba yiloo nto ufunekayo ukukhusela inkxalabo enzulu njengengcinezelo. Kodwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu abathile, abangenazo iziyobisi bangasombulula ingxaki ngokufanelekileyo.
Abadala abadala kunye neMithi
Ngokutsho kwiphando elipapashwe ngo-2005 kwi- Pharmacotherapy , abadala abangama-40% bathatha imithi engaphezu kwemihlanu ngeveki, kwaye i-10% ithatha ngaphezu kwe-10 ngeveki.
Ukongezelela, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngokumisela amayeza kubantu abadala, kuba imizimba yabo ithambe ukuphendula ngokuthethelelekileyo kumayeza. Ngokukodwa, abantu asebekhulile bavame ukuxubusha, ukufumana, ukusabalalisa nokukhupha izidakamizwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kungoko kukho izihlandlo eziqhelekileyo zezikhokelo kunye neengcomo zemiyalelo kubantu abadala kunabantu bonke.
Thintelo
Gcina irekhodi lempilo yakho kunye nawo onke amayeza akhodweliswe, kunye nokuxilongwa kweyeza ngalinye. Ukuba ungazi ukuba kutheni uthabatha iyeza, cela udokotela wakho. Xa uya kudokotela, faka ingxelo yakho nawe.
Iingcali zonyango zikhuthazwa ukuba "ziqale phantsi kwaye zihambe ngokukhawuleza" kunye namayeza, kunye nokunyamekela amayeza aseluhlu lweeBeri, ukuhlanganiswa kweziyobisi ezingenakufaneleka kubantu abadala.
ILizwi
Ngelixa unyango lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwaye lufanelekile ukunyanga iimeko ezithile, khumbula ukuba ukudibanisa ngamnye okunokuba nemiphumo emibi ingakwazi ukusebenzisana namanye amayeza. Ukuqonda ukuba imithi eninzi inokudala ukudideka kunye neengxaki zeememori kunokukunceda uqonde le nkxalabo kuwe okanye kumntu omthandayo. Unganqikazi ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango ngalinye othabathayo ukuze bobabili bacacise ukuba kutheni bafunekayo kwimpilo kunye nentlalo.
Imithombo:
Ukongenelela kweZliniki ekuguga. 2008 ngoJuni; 3 (2): 383-389. I-Polypharmacy: Ilahlekisa, kodwa ilawulwa. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2546482/
Umcebisi360. Iimpawu ezixhatshazwayo ezinxulumene neMithi kwi-Elderly. Umqulu 16, iNombolo 08, Agasti, 2008.http: //www.consultant360.com/articles/medication-related-cognitive-impairments-elderly-0
> Hein, C., Intshutshiso, A., Piau, A., uSommet, A., Vellas, B. kunye noNourhashémi, F. (2014). Impembelelo yePolyrmacy xa kuvela i-Delirium kwizigulane ezikhuselekileyo ezikhulile. Umbhalo we-American Medical Directors Association , 15 (11), iphe.850.e11-850.e15.
Linnebur, S. University of Colorado School of Pharmacy. I-Polypharmacy kwizigulane ezisebekhulile. http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalsmedical/Family%20Medicine%20Review%202011%20Documents/fmfall2011/wed4-Polypharmacy_in_Elderly_Patients_Fam_Med_Conf.pdf
> Maher RL, Hanlon JT, Hajjar ER. Iziphumo zeKlinikhi yePolyrmacy asebekhulile. Iingcamango zengcali malunga nokukhuselwa kweziyobisi . 2014; 13 (1): 10.1517 / 14740338.2013.827660. i-doi: 10.1517 / 14740338.2013.827660.