UMaria Skłodowska wazalelwa umntwana omncinci kootitshala baseWarsaw, ePoland. Intsapho yayingenakunzima, kwaye uMaria walahlekelwa ngumama eneminyaka elishumi elinesibini. UMaria wayefanele asebenze njengomqeqeshi kunye nomsebenzi wokuncedisa ngemali imfundo yedadewabo. Kamva, wakwazi ukufunda eParis eSonbonne kunye nenkxaso yoodadewabo. Kwakhona wathatha izifundo ngokufihlakeleyo kwiYunivesithi eDlambileyo, isikhungo semfundo esingaphantsi komhlaba kwiPoland yezobupolitika ezafundisa abafazi, kwaye kamva namadoda.
Ezimisele ukusebenza kunye nenqubekela phambili kwintsimi ekhethiweyo yesayensi, uMaria wafunda waza wenza i-physics kunye ne-chemistry-izifundo uyise awayezifundisile.
Ngomnyaka we-1894, uMary wafumana i-degree ye-sibini-eli leemathematika waza wahlangana noPerre Curie, umqeqeshi we-physics kunye ne-chemistry. Ukwahlukana ngokufutshane xa uMaria ebuyela ePoland, abo babini batshata malunga nomnyaka kamva. UHenri Becquerel kungekudala wathola i-radioactivity ngelixa efunda i-uranium salts. UMarie wathatha isifundo se-uranium imisebe, esebenzisa i-Curie electrometer. Wayekwazi ukubonisa ukuba i-pitchblende, i-torbernite, ne-thorium yayisasaza. UMarie Curie wapapasha iphepha lokuphanda ngokufumanisa kwakhe, isinyathelo esingavamile kwintombazana ngo-1896. UPetrom wayezicima uphando kwaye wajoyina uMarie emsebenzini wakhe. Ngehlobo le-1898, ii-Curies zabhalela iphepha malunga nesitsha esitsha, i-polonium. Ngomhla emva kweKrisimesi 1898, iphepheni lesibini laphuma, livakalisa ukufumanisa enye into entsha ye-radium.
Baqhubeka besebenza ndawonye kwada kwafa ukufa kukaPetros engozini yesitalato ngo-1906. Ukulwa ngedwa, uMarie wakwazi u-1910 ukuba ahlukanise i-radium ecocekileyo esuka kwi-pitchblende. UMarie Curie wagqiba ekubeni angayifumani ilungelo lobunikazi bakhe ukuze ezinye izazinzulu zikwazi ukuphanda ngokukhululekile.
Uphando loPhando
UMarie Curie wathola iimbasa ezimbini zeNobel emsebenzini wakhe wesayensi.
Okokuqala, ngo-1903 ngeFizikiki, naye wayengowokuqala umfazi ukuba anikezelwe iNdel Prize. Kwakhona ngo-1911, wanikezwa iNobel ngeKhemistry waza waba ngowokuqala ukufumana iimbasa ezimbini zeNobel. Nangona ezi ntlonelo, i-Academy of Sciences yaseFransi yayimvimbela ubulungu. Kodwa e-Sorbonne, waba nguprofesa wesibini wesibini waza wanikwa inkokhelo yebhubhoratri ye-physics eyayingumyeni wakhe. Kungekude emva koko, urhulumente waseFransi wakha iRadium Institute ukuphanda i-chemistry, physics, kunye neyeza-ezithandwa ngu-Marie Curie.
KwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I, wenza amaloli e -X-ray ayenzekayo awanceda ukuxilonga imikhosi eyingozi. Ngokuzimela, wanikela iindondo ezimbini zegolide zeNobel ukuphakamisa imali kwimigudu yemfazwe. Uvulindlela wokufunda imirhumo , uMadam Curie wayengazi ukuba i-radioactivity iyakuchaphazela njani impilo yakhe. Wayengaze agqoke iimpahla zokukhusela, wayesebenza ngezinto ezenziwe ngama-radioactive ngezandla zakhe, egcina i-radium kwidikeki yakhe, okanye kwipokethi yakhe yokugqoka. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-38 aphanda ngayo i-radioactivity, imiphumo ye-radiation ionizing yayiyambethe. Wafa ngowe-1934 evela kwi- anemia enkulu. Umsebenzi owawunika ubomi kwabanye wawuthintele loo mongo wegazi lakhe.
Ngaphandle kokufumanisa kukaMary Marie Curie kunye nomyeni wakhe uPilbert umvo wokumisela imbewu encinci yezinto ezinokusasaza kwi-tumor ukuze ihlehlise, asiyi kuba ne-brachytherapy. Olu hlobo lweemitha zangaphakathi lusetyenziselwa ezininzi iintlobo zomhlaza, kubandakanywa nomhlaza wesifuba. Ngexesha elilandelayo unayo i-X-ray okanye ufuna i-zap yemisebe ukuze uphathe umhlaza, cinga ngoMarius Curie. Umsebenzi wakhe kunye nokuzincama kunokukwenza lula ubomi bakho.