Izizathu zokusetyenziswa kunye neempembelelo zecandelo leCorticosteroids ngeCarcer
I-Steroids isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abanomdlavuza ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Yiyiphi i-corticosteroids? Ziziphi iindima abazidlala kulo unyango lomhlaza? Ziziphi ezinye zeempembelelo ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide, kwaye zinokuchaphazela njani isimo sakho sengqondo?
Ziziphi i-Steroids (i-Corticosteroids)?
I-Steroids yile makhemikhali eyenziwa ngokusemgangathweni emizimbeni yethu yi-endocrine, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni imisebenzi yomzimba.
Ezinye zazo ziquka:
- Umgaqo wamanzi kunye netyuwa yomxholo womzimba
- Umgaqo wokushisa komzimba
- Umgaqo wexinzelelo lwegazi
- I-metabolism yamafutha, i-carbohydrates kunye nama-proteins
- Ukulawula "impendulo yoxinzelelo" yomzimba
- Ummiselo wokuvuvukala
- Ukuphendula kwisifo
- Impendulo yoxinzelelo (jonga ngezantsi)
Ziziphi i-Steroids ezisetyenziselwa unyango lweCarcer?
Xa sicinga ngomntu othatha i-steroids, sisoloko sicinga ngabadlali be-muscle okanye abaxhasi bemilinganiselo. I-steroids yokuzonwabisa, njengalezo ezichazwe ngasentla, zibizwa ngokuba yi-anabolic steroids kwaye aziqhelekanga zisetyenziselwa ukunakekelwa ngumhlaza.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-steroids esetyenziselwa abantu abanomdlavuza kuthiwa yi- corticosteroids . I-Corticosteroids yimichiza ngokwemvelo eyenziwa ngama-adrenal glands, ezincinci ezineengqungquthela ezihlala ngaphaya kweentso. Imizekelo yale ntlobo ye-steroids yile:
- I-Cortef (i-hydrocortisone)
- Deltasone (prednisone)
- Ukuqedwa (prednisolone)
- I-Decadron (dexamethasone)
- Medrol (methylprednisolone)
Xa zisetyenziselwa umhlaza, la mayeza anikezwa ngomlomo okanye ajojowe nge-intravenously (ngezinye iimeko nazo zingaba yinxalenye yoluvo lwamaqonga, ajoyiweyo kumajoyini, okanye avule nge-inaler okanye e-bronchial inhaler).
(I-convertic corticosteroid ingasetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa iilitha zezinye zezi yobisi kwenye.)
Izizathu zokusebenzisa i-Steroids kwiCreatcer Treatment
I-Steroids (i-corticosteroids) ingasetyenziselwa izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kunyango lomhlaza. Oku kungadideka, kwaye kubalulekile ukubuza i-oncologist yakho malunga nenjongo ethile yonyango oyimiselweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwe-corticosteroids nomhlaza kubandakanya:
- Ukuncedisa ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka komzimba kwi- blood transfusion okanye imithi - I-Steroids isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (kunye nama-antihistamine kunye neminye imithi) ukukhusela impendulo. Ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy, ezifana ne-Taxol (paclitaxel) zivame ukudala ukuphendula. Ukuphendulwa kwe-articular to rituximab , uhlobo lweyeza elithengiweyo elisetyenziselwa i-cancer ehlobene negazi luqheleke kakhulu. I-Steroids idlalwa ngexesha elifanayo njengoko la mayeza anjengomlinganiselo wokukhusela.
- Ukunceda ukulawula i- cerebral-stimulated nausea kunye nokuhlanza - Njengeempembelelo, i-steroid isetyenziswa rhoqo kunye namanye amayeza ukukhusela okanye ukuphatha isicupunu.
- Ukwandisa isondlo - Kwilizwe lethu elizimeleyo, sihlala sijonge ukulahleka kwesisindo njengokuba kunye. Nangona kunjalo umhlaza wecachexia-i- constellation yeimpawu kuquka ukulahleka kwexabiso lokungahambi ngokungazenzisiyo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwemisipha-uxanduva lokusingatha i-20 ekhulwini lomdlavuza womhlaza, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukujongana neengxaki ezifana nokulahleka kwesidlo kubantu abanomdlavuza .
- Njengengxenye ye- chemotherapy regimen.
- Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
- Ukunyanga iintlungu.
- Ukunyanga i-skin reaction.
- Ukuphefumula ukuphefumula komdlavuza ophezulu.
- Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala xa umdlavuza usasazeka kwingqondo ( ngengqondo ye-metastase ).
- Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwintambo yokugqithisa umgudu - Ukunyanzeliswa kwentambo yesithintelo yinto enzima ngokubonakalayo kunye ne- myeloma kunye namanye amachiza atshabalalisa amathambo (amathambo e-boneastases).
- Ukunyanga i- vena cava-obstruction ephezulu (ingxaki yomhlaza).
- Ukunceda ukuphatha ingxaki yomzimba (njengengxaki yomhlaza).
- Ukunyanga isifo se-graft-versus-host host (GVHD) emva kokutshintshela kwe-cell stem .
Ukuqonda iCortisol kunye nokuPhathwa kweNgxaki
Ukuze uqonde indlela i-steroids ingasetyenziselwa ngayo abantu abanomdlavuza, kunceda ukuqwalasela indlela "i-natural" steroids isebenza ngayo emzimbeni kunye nokubaluleka kokusebenzisa la mayeza njengoko kulandiswe.
Xa imizimba yethu igxininisekile-ingaba ngokwenyama okanye ngokwemvakalelo-isignali ithunyelwe kwi-pituitary gland, intsimbi encinci ye-endocrine kwingqondo. I-pituitary gland ithumela i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). I-ACTH, kwakhona, iyalela i-adrenal gland (iincinci ze- endocrine ezincinci ezihlala phezu kweentso) ukukhulula i-cortisol, "i-steroid yemvelo."
I-Cortisol idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo, ngokutshintsha ukuvuvukala, ukuphendula isifo, kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi. ukususela ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kulawulo lokushukela kwegazi.
Umsebenzi oveliswa ngamachiza owenziwe ngama-steroid umsebenzi ufana ne-cortisol. Ezi zonyango ezinamandla zininzi zisebenzisa amayeza kwaye ziyinxalenye ephambili kwonyango lweengcingo ezinxulumene negazi, ezifana ne-leukemia, i-lymphoma, ne-myeloma, kwakunye neengqimba ezinomhlaza.
Iimpawu ezingasetyenziswayo zeSteroid
Imiphumo emibi ye-steroids idla ngokubi xa ithe yathathwa kwizinga eliphezulu kunye nexesha elide. Ukuba ufunda ngemiphumo emibi, unokufumanisa ukudideka, kuba iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo abantu baziva ngexesha elide xa bathabatha la mayeza ahlala echasene nemiphumo echaphazelekayo ekusebenziseni ixesha elide. Ekuqaleni kwakho ungabona ukunyuka kwamandla kwi-steroids, kodwa ngaphezu kwexesha elide, unokubona ubungqongqo.
Ukuqonda "i-feedback loops" ekuveliseni i-hormone yemvelo emzimbeni kunokunceda ukuchaza oku. Ukuqonda "i-loops feedback" kunokukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba kutheni ungafaneleki ngokukhawuleza la mayeza okanye uyanciphise ngokukhawuleza umthamo wakho ukuba sele uthabatha ixesha elide.
Ekuqaleni xa uthatha izidakamizwa (i-hormone), unokucinga ngokucacileyo ngamachiza ngokuthi "ukongezelela" umkhiqizo wakho we-corticosteroids. Ngexesha, umzimba wakho uyaqaphela ukuba ufumana zonke ii-corticosteroids ozifunayo kwipilisi okanye kwifom ye-intravenous, kwaye umzimba wakho uthumela umyalezo wokuyeka ukuvelisa i-corticosteroids yakho yemvelo. Ukuba ezi ziyobisi zikhawulezileyo, awukho nje kuphela ufumana umyalelo, kodwa unokuthatha ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba umzimba wakho uqaphele ukuba kufuneka uyenze kwakhona i-corticosteroids kwakhona.
Iziphumo zecandelo elifutshane elifutshane (imiphumo emibi eyenzeka kusasa okanye xa i-steroid isetyenziselwa ixesha elifutshane nje) liquka:
- Ukungabikho kwe-insomnia - Kukho ezininzi ezinokubangela ukungazinzi komhlaza, kodwa ezihambelana ne-steroids, ingakumbi ezo zinikezelwa ngexesha le-chemotherapy, zinokuba nzima.
- Ukuphendulwa kwe-allergenic - Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona i-steroids isetyenziselwa ukuphendulwa kwemizwa, abanye abantu banokuba ne- reaction response to steroids .
- I-Delirium - Ukudideka, kwaye i-delirium iyakwenzeka, ngakumbi xa idibene neentlungu zeplastiki ezinomdla kubantu abanomdla ophezulu.
Iziphumo ezide zexesha elide ze-steroids ziqhelekileyo kwaye zingaquka:
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-immune kunye nokusuleleka - I-Steroids yedwa ingakhokelela ekukhutshweni kwe-immune apho, xa idibene ekudanjeni komnxeba wethambo ngenxa yomhlaza emlonyeni okanye ekhemotherapy, ingaba nzima. Oku kunokwandisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka okanye sulela ukusuleleka kwezifo.
- Ukunyuka kwesisindo - Abantu abathabatha i-steroids ngexesha elongezelelweyo lexesha bavame ukuphela kunye nento ebizwa ngokuthi "inyanga zenyanga" apho amafutha amaninzi ayakhela kwicala lobuso.
- Ubuthathaka (ikakhulukazi ubuthathaka obuthathaka obuthathaka).
- I-Psychosis okanye iinguqu zengqondo (jonga ngezantsi).
- Izilonda zesisu kunye ne-gastritis - Ngamanye amaxesha abantu kwi-steroids banikwa unyango lweyeza lokunciphisa amathuba okuvelisa izilonda.
- Ukuphakanyiswa kwegazi.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
- Isishukela segazi ephakamileyo (kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unesifo sikashukela) - Akuqhelekanga xa amayeza aphezulu ase-steroids asetyenziswa ukuba umntu abe "okwethutyana" wesifo sikashukela kwaye afune unyango lwe-insulin ( isifo sikashukela steroid ).
- I-osteoporosis (amathambo ahlambulukileyo) - Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane kwe-steroids kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwethambo ebonakalayo, enokuthi, kwandisa ingozi yezahlulo.
- Ukuguqa izandla okanye iinyawo ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi kunye netyuwa.
- Cataract.
- Acne.
Ezinye iziphumo zempembelelo zinokuthi zilungile okanye zibi ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yeklinikhi yomntu. Ngokomzekelo, ukwanda kwondlo kunye nokufumana ubunzima bunokuba luncedo kubantu abanesifo esiphantsi komdlavuza.
Ukuthatha iyeza lakho ngokutya kunokunceda kwezinye zeengxaki ezenza ukuba i-steroids ingabangela indlela yokugaya. Unokukhetha kwakhona ukuthatha le meko yonyango ekuqaleni kwelanga ukwenzela ukuba abanako ukuphazamisa ukulala kwakho ebusuku.
Njengokuba kunemiphumo emibi yamachiza, i-oncologist yakho, umongikazi, okanye u-pharmist unokukunika amacebo okunceda ukulawula okanye ukunciphisa. Qinisekisa ukuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba wazi ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu okanye iziphumo zecala.
Impact ye-Steroids kwi-Mood
Ngelixa usenokuba uvile ilizwi elithi "ukufutheka komsindo," esetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukuziphatha okukrakra kunye nokugqithiswa kwabantu abathile bathatha i-anabolic steroids, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-corticosteroids inokuba nefuthe elibi kwimvakalelo.
Iziphumo zengqondo zengqondo ze-corticosteroids zinokuvela kwi-irritability, ukungazinzi, kunye nentlungu yonke indlela eya kwi-paranoia, ukudideka kunye ne-mania. Ngokwahlukileyo, akuqhelekanga ukuba nomoya ophantsi okanye ukudandatheka emva kokuyeka le mayeza.
Ngelishwa, kunye nakho konke okwenzekayo ebomini bakho nomhlaza, kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa umthombo wale mvakalelo. Ewe, uhlala kwi-steroids, kodwa ufumana unyango lomhlaza kwaye uzama ukuqhuba ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba ufumane uluhlu olubanzi lweemvakalelo xa ujamelana nomhlaza .
Umgaqo jikelele wesohlwayo kukuba ukuba ukutshintsha kwemizwelo yakho kukuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi okanye impilo yobuhlobo bakho, kufuneka uxoxe neqela lakho le-oncology. Ukuba iimvakalelo zakho zinzima, unokufuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo.
Iingongoma ezibalulekileyo malunga nokuthatha i-Steroids
Njengoko uninzi lwamachiza olunyango lomhlaza, kubalulekile ukuthatha i-steroids njengoko ugqirha wakho uchaza. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilungileyo ukucela iqela lakho lezempilo malunga ne-steroids yakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale:
- Ndiza kukulindela ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiyithathe le myeza?
- Ngubani na ondiqhagamshelana naye ukuba ndiyayiphendula ngolu hlobo?
- Kuthiwani ukuba ndilahlekelwa umthamo? (Musa nje ukuthatha umthamo owongezelelweyo weyeza).
- Kuthekani ukuba ndihlanza iyeza zam?
- Ziziphi iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ozibona rhoqo ngale meyile ethile kunye nexesha elifutshane kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide?
Gwema ukuCima ngokukhawuleza kweSteroids
Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwangaphambili, ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-steroid inefuthe kwindlela ininzi ye-steroid yemvelo yakho ivelisa ngayo. Ngesi sizathu, xa i-steroids yakho ingasadingeki njengenxalenye yonyango lwakho, ugqirha wakho uya kufaka i-dose ngaphandle kokumisa ngokukhawuleza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungayeki ukuthatha le nyilisi ngaphandle kokuba utshelwe ngugqirha wakho. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuyeka i-steroids ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukongela ubomi obunobungozi.
Nangona ulandela ishedyuli yokuthabatha, maza ugqirha wakho wazi ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba nzima. Abanye abantu kufuneka bathathwe kule miyeza ngokukhawuleza kwixesha leveki okanye kwinyanga.
Ngaphantsi kweSteroids kwiCreatcer Treatment
I-Steroids yilezi ziqhawe ezingabonakaliyo zokunakekelwa ngumhlaza. Nangona i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, kwaye ngokukodwa ukwenziwa kwezilwanyana kunye ne- immunotherapy esandul ' intsha kukufumana yonke indumiso ngomhlaza wokubulala, i-steroid isebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, ikhusele kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki kunye nokwenza ezinye iindlela zokwelapha zisebenze kangcono. Kungenxa yoko badlala indima enkulu ekwenzeni unyango lweengcambu ezinxulumene negazi kunye nezicubu ezinamandla.
Oko kwathiwa, la machiza aneenani elibalulekileyo lemiphumo emfutshane kunye nexesha elide, ezinye zazo ezinokuthi zinzulu. Qinisekisa ukuba ubuze imibuzo kwaye uthethe malunga naziphi na iimpawu ozifumanayo, nokuba ngaba "kuphela" ukukhathala. Yiba ngummeli wakho ekunyamekelweni komhlaza wakho .
Imithombo
- Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: iMac Graw Hill Education, 2015. Print.
- Leppert, W., noT. Buss. Indima yeCorticosteroids kwiNyango yoBulala kwizigulane zeCancer. Iingxelo ezikhoyo zamandulo kunye neentloko . 2012. 16 (4): 307-13.
- Matsuo, N., Morita, T., Matsuda, Y. et al. Iimpendulo zeempendulo kwi-Corticosteroids ye-Anorexia kwizigulane ezithandwayo ze-Cancer: I-Multicenter Prospective Observational Study. Unonophelo loNcedo kwiCancer . 2017. 25 (1): 41-50.
- Matsuo, N., Morita, T., Matsuda, Y. et al. Izicwangciso ze-Delirium kwi-Corticosteroid-Izigulane ezithatyathwe ngeCreater Cancer: I-Exploratory, Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study. Umbhalo weMithi yoPilliative
- Mori, M., Shirado, A., Morita, T. et al. I-Predictors ye-Response kwi-Corticosteroids ye-Dyspnea kwi-Advanced Cancer Izigulane: I-Preliminary Multicenter Okujoliswe kuyo. Unonophelo loNcedo kwiCancer . 2017. 25 (4): 1169-1181.