Ukunyanyiswa kukuyingozi enkulu ekuphuhliseni iSifo sesi-2 se-diabetes , ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba nini na kaninzi kangakanani ukuba ushukela wakho wegazi uhlolwe ukuba unokwesifo sikashukela okanye isifo sikashukela .
I-Blood Sugar Screening
Igazi legazi liyaziwa ngokuba yi-blood glucose kwisigama sesigqirha sezokwelapha, kwaye i-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) ikhuphe izikhokelo ezintsha malunga nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-Oktobha 2015.
Ngokutsho kwe-USPSTF, ukuphonononga i-blood glucose kunconywa ngabantu abadala abangaphezu komzimba okanye abagqithisileyo abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-70. Ngokufanelekileyo, oku kuya kwenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka njengenxalenye yesifundo sempilo esiqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko we-cardiovascular risk.
Esi sincomo sanikezwa ngeB b, kunye negunya elithintekayo lokunakekelwa koNonophelo lwezeMpilo ukuba iziphakamiso ezinomlinganiselo we-A okanye iB kufuneka zifunyenwe yinshuwalense yezempilo (kunye nemibandela embalwa).
Ukongeza, ngokutsho kweMigangatho ye - American Medical Diabetes ye-Medical Care kwi-Diabetes-2015 , i-index ye-mass mass index (BMI) iyakuthi isetyenziswe ekuboniseni abo abasengozini yokufumana isifo sikashukela kunye ne-Type 2 yeswekile:
- Kwi-Caucasian nase-Afrika yaseMerika, i-BMI isinqununu se-25 kg / m 2 okanye ngaphezulu.
- Kwi-Asia yaseMerika, inqaku lokunquma le-BMI li-23 kg / m 2 okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukongeza, i-American Diabetes Association (ADA) isincoma ngokuqwalasela ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abanomzimba ogqithiseleyo okanye ogqithiseleyo kwaye abanezinto ezibini zengozi ezongezelelweyo zokuphuhliswa kwesifo sikashukela.
Ukunyamezela njani kwisifo sikashukela?
Ingqiqo yokuxhatshazwa kwe- insulin , apho izitho zomzimba zixhatshazelwa kwimiphumo ye-insulin eyenziwa yi- pancreas , ibaluleke kakhulu ekuqondeni inkqubo ekhokelela kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2. Ubuthakathaka obangela ukunyamezela kwe-insulin, okwenza ixesha elidlulileyo liholele kwisifo sesifo sikashukela kunye nohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela, njengoko i-pancreas iyashisa kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza enye i-insulin emzimbeni onqabileyo oye "wasebenzisa" i-insulin kunye nekhono lokuvelisa.
Izidingo zokuxilisa umzimba zibeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwi-pancreas, ezinokukhokelela kwi-Type 2 yeswekile.
Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo leGlucose yegazi?
Iqondo eliqhelekileyo lokuzila ukudla kwegazi liphantsi kwe-100 mg / dL. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezininzi zincoma ukugcina i-blood glucose level yokuzila ukudla ngaphantsi kwe-90 mg / dL ukucaca ngokucacileyo ukuba isifo sesifo seswekile.
Incazelo esemthethweni yesifo seswekile, esibonisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela, i-bloodglucose yokuzila ye-100 mg / dL ukuya kwi-125 mg / dL okanye i- hemoglobin A1c (umlinganiselo wesilinganiso-inyanga-3) kwi-5.7% 6.4%, ngokwe-statement ye-ADA. Uvavanyo lwe-glucose yokunyamezela ukunyamezela (OGTT) lungasetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela esipheleleyo, uninzi lweemilinganiselo zingasetyenziselwa, kodwa iinjongo zokuphonononga, eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zizila ukudla i-blood glucose okanye i- hemoglobin A1c. Kuloo meko, i-blood glucose yokuzila ephezulu kune-125 mg / dL okanye i-hemoglobin A1c ye-6.5% okanye ngaphezulu yenza ukuba uhloliswe ngesifo sikashukela.
I-ADA iphawula ukuba ngokulinganisa kwegazi le-glucose yegazi, "ukuzila ukutya kuchazwa ngokuba akukho caloriki yokudla okungenani iiyure eziyi-8."
Imithombo:
Umbutho weSwekile waseMelika. Imigangatho yokhathalelo lwezokwelapha kwisifo sikashukela-2015. Uncedo lweSwekile ngo-2015; 38: S1-S94.
Seaquist ER. Ukujongana nomthwalo wesifo sikashukela. JAMA 2014; 311: 2267-68.
Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose yegazi engavumelekanga kunye nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile: I-US ye-Preventive Services Task Force statement statement. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 861-8.