Igama elithi "ukukhuluphala" liphonswa ngeenxa zonke, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lingacaci ukuba lithetha ntoni. Ngaba libhekisela kunoma ubani ogqithiseleyo okanye unobunzima obunzima bokulahlekelwa? Okanye ingaphezu koko? Ewe, kukho inkcazo yezokwelapha yokunyanya , kunye negama elithi "ukukhululeka."
Kwisigama sesiganeko, igama elithi "ukugqithisa kakhulu" lisetyenziswe njengesabizo (njengokuthi, "ukukhuluphala nokugqithisa") ngokufana nesiprofetho.
Ukusetyenziswa okunjalo kunesiphumo sokucacisa ukuba ukugqithisa nokugqithisela kukuyinxalenye yesicwangciso-sifo-ngaphezulu kwimeko engezantsi.
Inkcazo yezobugqirha yokugqithisa kakhulu isekelwe kwi-index mass mass (BMI). I-BMI ilinganiswa kwiinqunithi zeekg / m 2 , oko kuthetha ukuba kufuna ukuphakama nobukhulu bokubala. I-calculators ye-BMI ifumaneka ngokukhawuleza ukuyisebenzisa, njengaleyo inikwe apha apha. Ngenisa nje ulwazi lwakho ukufunda i-BMI yakho.
Ukugqithisa kakhulu kuchazwa njenge-BMI ye-25.0 - 29.9 kg / m 2 . I-BMI eqhelekileyo ichazwa njengehla phakathi kwe-18.5 no-24.9. Ukuba ne-BMI ngaphantsi kwe-18.5 kufaka omnye njengomntu ongaphantsi.
Kuyintoni Ubunzima?
Kanye nje ngokugqithiseleyo, inkcazo yezokwelapha yokunyamezela kunamathela kwi-BMI yokubala. Ukuze ihlelwe njengobunzima, isigulane kufuneka sibe ne-BMI ye-30.0 okanye ngaphezulu. I-BMI ye-40.0 okanye ngaphezulu ibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhuluphala ngokweqile," kwaye ikhuthazwa zizikhokelo zesizwe njengendlela yokuqhawula izigulane ezinokufaneleka ukuhlinzwa.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ukuba ke, abadlali abathile abanesistim kakhulu banokuba ne-BMI ephezulu ngenxa yokunyameka komzimba wabo kunokuba batye umzimba. Ngaloo ndlela, i-BMI ijoliswe ukuba ibe yinxalenye yokuhlolwa kliniki enkulu.
Kutheni Kubalulekile?
Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba amathuba okuba nempilo empofu (ngokwezifo ezinjengomhlaza, izifo zengqondo , ukuphazamiseka kwesifo somzimba , isifo sikashukela , uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nabanye), kunye nokufa kwangaphambi kwexesha elide, landa njengoko i-BMI iyanda.
Kwaye inkcazo yeklinikhi yokunyanya ukugqithisa (i-BMI ye-30.0 okanye ngaphezulu) isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezininzi ukukhetha iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokonyango.
Kukho neempembelelo zokubambisa i-inshorensi kunye nokuba zeziphi unyango eziza kuthathwa njengeziyimfuneko zempilo. Ngo-2013, i-American Medical Association (AMA) yavakalisa ngokusemthethweni ukunyamezela ukuba isifo, ukuvuma "inzuzo enkulu yobutyebi kunye nezoqoqosho ekunyanyeni njengoko kufuna ukuba unyango, uphando kunye nemfundo ingqalelo kwezinye izifo zonyango jikelele.
Kwakhona ngo-2013, i-American Heart Association, i-American College of Cardiology, kunye ne-Obesity Society yavelisa izikhokelo ezintsha zokuluthwa kwexesha elide, eziye zapapashwa njenge-2013 ACCF / AHA / TOS Guideline yoLawulo lokuPhulukisa kunye nokunyaniseka kwabadala. "U
Impembelelo yokuvuma ngokusemthethweni ukunyameka njengesifo esingapheliyo kulindeleke ukuba singabonakali nje ngongxaki phakathi koluntu jikelele kodwa nokuba nefuthe kumgaqo-nkqubo kuwo onke amanqanaba. Abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo banokuziva befuna kakhulu ukuxhaswa kunye nokuphumeza unyango lwe-fetes kunye neenkqubo zokungenelela, ngelixa abahlawuli bezithathu bangabakhokhela kakhulu oogqirha kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo ukuze baphathe unyango kunye nokulawulwa kokunyameka njengesifo esaziwayo.
Kuze kufikelele kwii-Centers ze-Medicare kunye neeNkonzo zeMedicaid (CMS), ukunyamezeka kuye kwahlulwa njengesifo esingapheliyo ukususela ngo-2004. Ukususela ngoNovemba 29, 2011, i-Medicare ifake iindleko zonyango lokuziphatha kwizigulane ezinokuxilongwa ngokunyanya. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuphonononga nge-BMI kunye nesinqindi seso, ukuhlolwa kokutya kunye nokungenelela kokuziphatha okuphezulu. Ubungakanani bokuhlinzwa okwenziwa nge-bariatric lufumaneka nakwiimeko ezithile.
Umgangatho phantsi kwezicwangciso zempilo zabucala ingahluka; Nangona kunjalo, phantsi koMthetho we-Career Affordable ka-2010 (ACA), iiplani zempilo ezintsha zifuneka ukuba zibandakanye iinkonzo zokukhusela ezibalwe "A" (ngokucetyiswa kakhulu) okanye "B" (Kunconywa) yi-US Prestation Services Services Force (USPSTF).
Ukucetyiswa kwenyameko kunikwe isiluleko "B" sabantu abadala kunye nabantwana nge-USPSTF, kwaye ke kuya kufuneka ukuba izicwangciso zempilo ezintsha zijonge ukuhlolisisa ukukhuluphala kwamanzi, okukuthi, njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala nge-screening ye-BMI kwaye ingabandakanya ukujikeleza kwinquma kunye nokutya vavanyo. Ukugqithiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nezicwangciso zempilo kwezinye iinketho zokulawulwa kwe-fetes kunye nokungenelela, nangona kunjalo, kuya kuqhubeka ukuhluka. Abanye abatyhuseli, ngokomzekelo, banikezela ngcebiso ngomnxeba, ngelixa abanye banikela ngokuqeqeshwa kwempilo okanye ukuhanjiswa kwiinkonzo zokulahlekelwa isisindo ezifana ne-Weight Watchers.
Imithombo
I-American Medical Association House yabathunywa: ISigqibo 420 - Ukuqaphela ukunyanyisa njengeSifo . Jensen MD, uRyan DH, Apovian CM, et al.
I-AHA / ACC / I-TOS Isikhokelo soLawulo lwe-Overweight and Obesity kuBantu abadala: Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force kwi-Practice Guidelines kunye ne-Obesity Society [epapashwe kwi-intanethi ngoNovemba 27, 2013]. Ukuhamba.
Benson SS. Ukunyanyiswa kweTennessee: Impembelelo yoMgaqo-nkqubo wokuLungisa ukuThengisa njenge "Isifo." Tennessee Medicine. NgoJanuwari 2014; 27-30.