Ukwahlula phakathi kweenkcazo zezokwelapha "ukugqithisa" kunye "nokukhuluphala" kuxhomekeke kuphela kwi-index body body (BMI), kodwa ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyanya? Iingcali ziqala ukucinga ngoko, kwaye, ukuba yinyaniso, oku kunokunceda ukuba uchaze ukuba kutheni ukulahlekelwa ubunzima kusebenza kwabanye abantu kungekhona kwabanye.
Ukwahluke phakathi kobutyebi kunye nokukhululeka komzimba
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, kukho umlinganiselo osisiseko phakathi kokunyanya nokugqithisa xa usebenzisa ingcaciso yezokwelapha esekelwe kwi-BMI kuphela.
Ukugqithisa kakhulu kuchazwa njenge-BMI ye-25.0 ukuya ku-29.9 kg / m 2 . Ukuze ihlelwe njengobunzima, isigulane kufuneka sibe ne-BMI ye-30.0 okanye ngaphezulu. (I-BMI eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-18.5 no-24.9.)
I-BMI ye-40.0 okanye ngaphezulu ibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhuluphala ngokweqile," kwaye ikhuthazwa zizikhokelo zesizwe njengendlela yokuqhawula izigulane ezinokufaneleka ukuhlinzwa.
Uya kuphawula ukuba le mihluko, ngelixa ibalulekile kwiinjongo zonyango, ungaqwalasela nantoni na ngaphandle kwe-BMI. Kodwa iingcali ezininzi ngoku zijonge ngaphaya kwe-BMI ukuqonda ukuchaza ukunyameka-nendlela yokuyiphatha ngayo.
Ngaba zikhona iintlobo ezingama-59 zobuninzi?
Iingcali zobuthakathaka zibonakala zihluka kwiibalo zazo zingaphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyanya kuninzi, kodwa into enye abavumelene ngayo kukuba akukho luhlobo olulodwa lokukhuluphala.
Omnye uphando, uDkt. Lee Kaplan, uMlawuli we-Obesity, i-Metabolism kunye neSondlo seZiko eMassachusetts General Hospital, watshela i- New York Times ngo-2016 ukuba uye wabalwa iintlobo ezingama-59 zokunyamezela kude kube ngoku.
Ngenxa yokuba iigulo ezingaphezu kwama-25 kunye neziqulatho zokunyanyisa ziye zafunyaniswa, mhlawumbi akumangalisi ukuba kuya kuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyanya kunokuba ziphikisana nazo. Ngentlonelo, i- FTO gene ifunyenwe kwiminyaka yamuva nje ngokuba nenxulumano oluchanekileyo nokunyanya, kodwa abanye babonakala bedlala indima ngokunjalo.
Kuye kwaba khona ukudibanisa imfuyo ekudleni ukutya okuye kwachongwa.
Uphando olunye, olupapashwe kwiJaji leMpilo kaRhulumente ngo-2015, luchaze ukuba kukho ubuncinane ubuncinane iintlobo ezintandathu zeentlungu. Kulo pho nonongo, abaphandi bajonga idatha eqokelelwe kwi-Yorkshire Health Study phakathi kweminyaka ka-2010 no-2012.
Abafundi abathathi-nxaxheba bathunyelwe imibuzo yokuphononongwa ngabaphandi abaqhelekileyo, kwaye, kukho konke, kwaqokelela abantu abangama-27,806, aba-4,144 badibene nencazelo yezokwelapha yokunyanyeka nge-BMI ye-30 okanye ngaphezulu.
Uphando lubuze imibuzo malunga nobudala, isondo, isimo sezentlalo, ubuhlanga kunye neemeko zempilo. Ubomi bomgangatho obunxulumene nempilo babuye bavavanywa. Abathathi-nxaxheba baphinde baxoxwa ngezihloko ezinjengezinga lokutshaya, umsebenzi wokuziphatheka kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala.
Abaphandi basebenzisa olu lwazi ukucacisa amaqela abantu abaneentlungu ezinobuliso obunezinto ezifanayo ngaphandle kwe-BMI yedwa. Ngokwenza njalo, baqukumbele ukuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo ukuchonga ezi nkqutyana zithandathu, zonke ezine-BMI ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu:
- "Amadoda atywala kakhulu"
- Abaselula, amabhinqa enempilo
- Abathandekayo, abadala abadala
- Ukugula ngokwenyama kodwa onwabileyo
- Ndonwabile, ndinexhala eliphakathi kweminyaka
- Abo baneempilo ezihluphekileyo
Ngoko oko baphononongo baphando baphetha njani? Ukuba kukho amaqela amaninzi ahlukeneyo, kwaye ukuba "kubalulekile ukuphendula" kule ngxabano "kubantu abaphelile." Baye babonisa ukuba ukuqonda le ntlukwano kunokuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekungeneleleni kweeklinikhi kunye nezigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo enjongo yokujolisa nokunyanyisa ukukhuluphala, kuba indlela "yokulinganisa eyodwa-inye" ayinakusebenza.
Mhlawumbi, umzekelo, ubukho bokusela kakhulu (ngotywala) yisona sizathu esibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ukunyanya kuninzi kwinqutyana lokuqala labesilisa elikhankanywe ngasentla; ukuba ngaba kunjalo, ukusela kufuneka kujoliswe kwaye kuthathelwe ingenelo njengenxalenye yimuphi umzamo wokunyanyisa ukukhuluphala.
Indlela efanayo ayiyi kusebenza kwinqutyana lesibini labasetyhini abasempilo, abasenokuba nesizathu esingafaniyo (okanye izizathu) zokuba banelisekile, kwaye ke kufuneka bafune uhlobo oluneendlela zokungenelela, njalo njalo phantsi kweluhlu .
Kubalulekile ukuphawula, ngendlela, ukuba inkulu yamanqindi ayisithandathu ibe ngowesibini, leyo yabaselula, abasetyhini abasempilweni. Lawa mabhinqa aphuza utywala oluncinci kunabantu abanye kwamanye amaqela kwaye babenemilinganiselo enobulunga obuhle.
Kufuneka iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyusa ukulahlekelwa
Ukuba akukho nto enye, ukwazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyanya kufuneka kuholele ekuphuhlisweni kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo.
Ukuba unesiphelo, usenokuba ufumene oku ukuba yimeko: mhlawumbi uye wazama iindlela ezimbalwa okanye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulahlekelwa ubunzima. Ukuba unjengabantu abaninzi, enye okanye ezininzi zale ndlela zanconywa kuwe ngumhlobo okanye ugqirha, kuba bebenzela zona okanye ezinye izigulane. Kodwa mhlawumbi uyifumene ayizange isebenzele wena, nangona usinike i-shot you best.
Ewe, endaweni yokuziva uhlazo "awukwazi" ukunciphisa ubunzima, ngoku unokufumana induduzo ngokukwazi ukuba, nazo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunyamezela okungenzeka ukuba zikhona, oko kusebenzele omnye umntu akunakukusebenzela, kwaye akuyena inkohlakalo yakho ukuba ayisebenzi.
Ingongoma ukuqhubeka uzama de ukufumanisa oko kusebenzayo kuwe, kuba uninzi lwabantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo lugqibeleleyo, lunokwenene, luya kuphinda lube nesisindo kwakhona, lunikwe ukuba lufumene indlela efanelekileyo yokulahleka kwesisindo u sebenza kubo.
Ezi ndlela zokunciphisa ubunzima ziza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nayo yonke into esuka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutya zokufumana unyango kwi-articular surgery.
Bonke baqale baze baphele ngokutya okunempilo, nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba ungashiyi loo nto. Ngokulandela imigaqo-siseko ebalulekileyo yokutya okunempilo , kungekhona kuphela ukuba uya kuba endleleni yokujongana nokukhuluphala, kodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubukhulu bunzima buya kulahleka, uya kunciphisa ingozi yakho kwezinye izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela kunye nomhlaza . Ukutya okunempilo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, ukwenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulahlekelwa bunzima bunjani, ufumana umzimba wakho wonke-kunye nengqondo yakho-kwindawo e bhetele, kwaye uya kuvuna inzuzo ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngendlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wobubi obufanayo Abadlali: isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, umhlaza kunye nezinye izifo ezingapheliyo.
Futhi ungalibali ukubaluleka kokulala ubusuku obuhle , obonakala ngokugqithiseleyo njengento ephambili kuyo yonke inxaxheba yezilondolozo zokugcina impilo. Akunakho kuphela ukulala ngokwaneleyo rhoqo rhoqo ngoncedo ngokulahlekelwa kwesisindo nokukhusela ukufumana ubuninzi bokufumana ubunzima, kodwa kukukunceda ukuba uhlangabezane kangcono noxinzelelo. Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kubalulekile, ngoku siyazi, ukukhusela isifo senhliziyo.
Ngoko konke oku kuphephe ukuzinyamekela. Yenza oko, kwaye abanye baya kuza.
> Imithombo:
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> Lordan G, Pakrashi D. Yenza yonke imisebenzi "isisindo" ngokulinganayo? Imisebenzi eyahlukileyo yemisebenzi eyahlukileyo iyahluke njani njengento yokuqikelela. Ingcipheko yengozi . 2015 Meyi 20.
> Smemo S, Tena JJ, Kim KH, Gamazon ER, et al. Iintlobo ezihambelanayo nomzimba ophezulu kwiFTO ifom yexesha elide uxhulumaniso olusebenzayo kunye ne-IRX3. Uhlobo lwe-2014; 507: 371-5.
> St-Onge M, O'Keeffe M, uRoberts AL, RoyChoudhury A, et al. Ubusuku obufutshane bokulala, i-glucose dysregulation kunye nokulawulwa kwemimori yesondlo kwindoda nabasetyhini. Ukulala. 2012: 35: 1503-10.