Iintshukumo zokulala kwezingane eziNcinci, Abazali abaManyeneyo banceda uTshintsho
Akukho nto ngakumbi uxolo kunomntwana olele - ingakumbi xa unokuba ngumntwana onqabileyo xa evuka - kodwa ulala kangakanani abaneminyaka emi-2 abayidingayo? Ziziphi iinguqu ezenzeka kubuthongane bezingane ezinokuba negalelo kwiimfazwe ngexesha lokulala? Funda malunga neemfuno zabo zokulala, ukulala , kunye nendlela yokuphucula ukuguqulwa kwimiba yokuzalwa komzali.
Ukuguquka Kokulala Kwintsana
Ukuba unomntwana oneminyaka emi-2 ubudala, uyazi ukuba eli lixesha elikhuthazayo lokukhula nophuhliso kubomi babo abaselula. Ngaloo ndlela, ubuthongo obuneminyaka emi-2 ubudala buqala ukutshintsha. Ubuthongo beentwana buhluke kakhulu kubantwana abaselula okanye abantwana abadala, kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 bachanekileyo phakathi kwesi shintsho.
Umyinge oneminyaka emi-2 ubudala angalala kangangeeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-14 zokulala ngosuku, ininzi yazo eyenzeka ebusuku. Abancinci abaninzi beli lizwe bangathatha i- nap enye ngosuku ehlala kwiiyure eziyi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Enye indlela yokucinga ngolu hlobo kukuba umntwana wakho uza kuqala ukusebenzisa enye i-1 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-2 avuke ngosuku. Oku kungenzeka nge-naps efutshane, emva kwexesha lokulala, okanye-kuninzi kubayiki-abazali-ukuvusa kusasa. Xa umntwana wakho ekulungele ukuqala esikolweni, isixa sokulala singancipha ngakumbi ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-11 ukuya kwezi-12 zizonke. Uninzi lwabantwana abasayi kuphinda bathathe i-naps ngexesha le-kindergarten.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ezi ziyimimandla kwaye ngamnye umntwana uhlukile. Ukuba unikwe ithuba lokuphumla ngokwaneleyo, umntwana wakho uya kuhlangabezana nezidingo zakhe zokulala ngokulula. Abantu abadala abakwazi nje ukuphupha ngokulala!
Ubundlobongela obuninzi obuthathakayo bubangelwa ngabantwana
Njengoko lo tshintsho luvela, akuqhelekanga ukuba kukho ukuphikisana okungakumbi phakathi kwabazali kunye nabantwana abanamandla abanqwenela.
Ukuba umntwana uziva elele emva koko, kunokubakho ukuxhathisa ixesha lokulala. Umntwana unokuqonda ukuba uyekile, kodwa akahambanga (ingcamango ebizwa ngokuba yinto engunaphakade). Ekubeni uhlala kwigumbi elilandelayo umntwana angafuna ukukhawuleza, ukusela, elinye ibali - kunye nesisombululo se-litany yezinye iimfuno ezingagqibekanga. Xa le nto iqhubeka, inokufaka isandla kwiimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi- sleepiness sleep .
Umzabalazo oqhubekayo unokwenzeka nge-naps yemini. Xa umnqweno wokulala uhla, ixesha lokunwa liba lixesha lokudlala: lizaliswe ingxoxo, ukuhleka, kunye (kunye nokungavumelani) nokukhawuleza nokukhala. Abazali basenokuba babenandipha ukuphefumula emini, kwaye xa kuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza, ingxabano iyaqhubeka. Abantwana nabo banokungabaza ukuphosa kwimisebenzi. Ngethamsanqa, abaninzi abantwana baya kuqhubeka benqabile ukuya kwinqanaba elinesithathu ukuya kwi-4, kwaye ukuhambelana nexesha lokuphumla kwimihla ngemihla kunokunceda.
Ukongezelela, abanye abantwana bayabuhlungu kwaye bacaphuke ngenxa yokuxhalabisa. Oku kuphakama malunga neenyanga ezili-18 kwaye kungabonakalisa ukwesaba ukushiywa yedwa, ingakumbi ebusuku. Ngethuba lemini, kubonakala ngokungafuni ukusebenzisana nabantu abangaziwayo. Ukuxhalabisa kungakhuliswa ngenxa yokwesaba ebusuku.
Abantwana abancinci banokuthi bacingisise kwaye ubumnyama bungabakho ngezidalwa, izilo, kunye nabantu ababi ukuze bavelise umntwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuza kubonakaliswa ngokuhlwaya kwamaxesha onke .
Ezinye iimpembelelo zokulala ebantwaneni abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala
Kukho ezinye iinguqulelo ebomini komntwana omncinci onokuchaphazela ukulala. Ngokuqhelekileyo uneminyaka engama-3 ubudala, umntwana uhamba esuka kwisibhedlele ukuya "kwibhedi enkulu". Esi sithuba esitsha asiqhelekanga kwaye singathatha ixesha ukulungelelanisa. Ngaphandle kokuthintela kwimizila engasecaleni, ngoku kuya kukwazi ukunqumla ebhedini. Oku kufuna kwakhona ukuqeqeshwa ukuqinisa ukuziphatha okulungileyo. Kungenokuba kuyimfuneko ukufumana ubungqina obuncinci kwigumbi lokulala kunye nomnyango ovaliweyo okanye umnyango wesango unokufunwa ukuba ugcine umntwana equlethwe (ubuncinane ekuqaleni).
Abancinci abaninzi basebenza ngokuqeqeshwa kwamanzi. Nangona i-continent ingenakwenzeka de ibe yiminyaka eyi-3 (kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kamva), inqubo ingaqalisa phakathi kwabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Abantwana basenokuvuka baze bafune ukusebenzisa i-potty, becela usizo. Bayazi ngakumbi ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokuxhatshazwa okungahambi kakuhle, kumnxeba omanzi okanye ococekileyo. Ngokukhula ngokwazi nokuzimela, kufuneka kwenziwe utshintsho.
Kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana bafumane umntwana omtsha ekhaya. Oku kunokunyanzelisa ishedyuli yomntu wonke kwaye kunokukhokelela ekubeni uxhalabe njengoko utshintsho kunye nokuphazamiseka kuhlaliswa. Ngethamsanqa, abantwana abancinci bancedwa kubazali kunye nokulindela.
Ukulindela okuHlangeneyo kunye neRoutine rhoqo
Oku kungabikho ixesha elibalulekileyo lokuhlakulela imikhuba emihle ebuthongweni kubantwana, kubandakanywa nemihla ngemihla yokulala. Ngokuguqula iimfuno zokulala phakathi kwabantwana, kubalulekile ukulungiselela ukuhluka kwezinye kwixesha lokulala. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana (kunye nabantu abadala) baphendula ngokulala ngokufanelekileyo xa ixesha lokulala lihambelana kakhulu. Oku kufuneka kusebenze ngexesha lokulala, ixesha lokuvuka, kunye nexesha losuku lwe-nap. Isikhathi sokulala sisinceda ukuqinisa nokuphucula ukuguquka ukulala.
Zama ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwesikrini kunye nezikrini (njengethelevishini, iikhomputha kunye namacwecwe) ngeeyure zokuhlwa ngaphambi kokulala. Ukukhanya kungenza kube nzima ukulala. Ukongezelela, umsebenzi ungase uphumelele. Kunoko, utshintsho lokulala kunye nebhuku lokufunda ngaphambi kokulala.
Ngokuqinisa ishedyuli rhoqo, kwaye ukunamathela kwizinto ezilindelekileyo, kuba lula kubafundi abaselula ukuba batshintshe okwenzekayo kokulala nobomi. Ukuba unzima ukufumana umntwana wakho alale, thetha nodokotela wezilwanyana okanye ulala ngongcali malunga nokungenelela okunokuba luncedo kwiimeko zakho.
> Imithombo:
> Durmer, JS et al . "Iingcali zokulala zonyango." Continuum . Neurol 2007; 13 (3): 153-200.
> Ferber, R. Sombulula iingxaki zokulala zabantwana bakho . USimon & Schuster, umshicileli womlilo, ngo-2006.