Iingqumbo ezimbi ziqhelekileyo, Ingaba zifuna unyango Ukuba ziphinde ziphazamise kwaye ziphazamise
Nangona iindlobongela zingamnandi kumntu nabani na, xa zichaphazela ngokuphindaphindiweyo umntwana ingenako ngokukrakra. Ukususela kwisebusuku, umntwana unokuqala ngokukhawuleza ukumemeza nokukhala. Ekuqaleni, kunokuba nzima ukukhupha umntwana kwaye ubenokuzola ngokwanele ukuba abuyele elele. Kutheni kubakho iindlovu? Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ne-nightmare? Ingaba kukho into ephosakeleyo ngomntwana okanye into ethile embi yenzekile?
Iimpawu, izizathu eziqhelekileyo, kunye nokunyanga okunyanga kweendlela zobumnyama zilula ukuzibona. Ukuba thina njengabazali sinokuqonda iziganeko zobushushu kubantwana, kuquka ukuchonga izizathu ezinokubangela, sonke sinokulala kangcono. Makhe sibone.
Ziziphi iindlobongela okanye iMibono emibi?
Ama-nightmares afana namaphupha ngokuthi aqulethe umsebenzi ocingileyo ngexesha lokulala, ngokuqhelekileyo unamava okanye iimvakalelo ezinzulu, kodwa bahlala bexinezeleka xa bekhumbula xa bevuswa. Iingqungquthela ziqala ukuvela ebuntwaneni kwaye zicingelwa ukuba ziyinxalenye yokwazi kwethu ukuvelisa ukwesaba okufanelekileyo kwiisongelo zehlabathi zangempela.
Iingqungquthela zivame ukukhunjulwa, ubuncinane ngandlela-thile, ngumntu obafumanayo. Oku kuyinyaniso kubantwana ngokunjalo, ngubani ongasoloko echaza iinkcukacha eziyikrakra. Ukuba umntwana ulele ebuthongweni, engaphenduli imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo, ngokukhumbula kancinane isiganeko esilandelayo, mhlawumbi oku kumelela ukuloyikeka kokulala .
Ziyintoni eziqhelekileyo zokuzilalisa ngezingane?
Iingqungquthela eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekile phakathi kwabantwana. Ngokukodwa, i-24% yabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweyesi-6 ubudala, i-41% yabantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwengu-10 ubudala, kwaye i-22% yabantwana abaselula bayichaza. Ubuninzi bobusuku buba khona kwisiqingatha sesibini sobusuku, xa kukho ukunyuka kwenyameko yokunyuka kwamehlo (REM) yokulala , esoloko idibene nephupha elifihliweyo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, uloyiko oluhle luhlala lukwimeko yesithathu yokuqala yobusuku kwaye luvela ngaphandle kokulala. Uninzi lwabantu abadala bayakhumbula ukuba banamaphupha amancinci ngamathuba athile; kunokuba kubonakale kungavamile ukuba umntu omdala angazange akhumbule ukuba nobunzima obuncinane ngexesha elithile ebomini.
Yintoni Edala Ubumnyama?
Iindlobongela ziveliswa ngamalungu wengqondo ejongene nokulala kwe-REM. Ezi ziquka iinkalo ezibalulekileyo kwimemori kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwamava omzwe, izinto eziphambili kwiindawo zokuhlwaya. Imimandla ekhuselekileyo ngexesha lokulala kwe-REM iquka i-amygdala, i-parahippocampal gyrus, kunye ne-cingulate gyrus yangaphambili. La maphupha acacileyo angabonakala okwenene, kwaye oku kungenxa yoko iimpembelelo zixakeke ngakumbi kubantwana abangenakuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuba bakuphi.
Nangona ubuninzi beendlobongela ebantwaneni ziyingxenye eqhelekileyo yokukhula, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela. Ezi ziquka:
- Mayeza
- Ukuxhamla
- I-non-REM parasomnias
- Ukuphefumula okuphefumlelweyo (oko kukuthi, i- apnea yokulala )
- I-post-traumatic disorder stress (PTSD)
Ukuphulukiswa kwe-apnea mhlawumbi kubaluleke kakhulu kubangela ukuchonga. Abantwana abane- apnea yokulala bavame ukuhlaziya, ukulala, kunye namazinyo.
Basenokuhlala bengenasiphelo, ukulala ngokufelwa ngomlomo ukuphefumla. Ebudeni bemini, abantwana abane-apnea yokulala bangaba neengxaki, ukuziphatha, kunye neengxaki zokukhula. Unyango lunokukunceda ukuphazamisa le mpawu, kuquka ukuxazulula izibilini.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba ubusuku bentombazana yakho buphazamisa ukulala kwakhe, kufuneka uxoxe nodokotela wezilwanyana malunga nesidingo sokwenyuka kovavanyo olongezelelweyo kunye nonyango. Oku kungabalulekanga ngakumbi ukuba iindawo ezibuhlungu zihamba rhoqo kwaye ziqala ukukhokelela ekukhathazeni ngexesha lomini, ngakumbi ukwesaba ukulala.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango lwezondo zobomi aluqhelekanga .
Uninzi luya kusombulula ngexesha ngaphandle kokungenelela. Ukuba ngaba ngokukrakra kakhulu, kunokukunceda ukusebenzisa i-dream dreaming remedial. Amachiza afana ne- prazosin angasetyenziswa kangangoko. Ukuba kukho isizathu esicacisiweyo, njengesifo sokuphefumula ukulala, kufuneka unyango lujoliswe kulolu hlobo.
Imithombo:
Durmer, JS noChervin, RD. "Iingcali zokulala zonyango." Continuum Neurol 2007; 13 (3): 153-200.
Hobson, JA et al . "I-Neuropsychology ye-REM Sleep Sleeping". Neuroreport 1998; 9 (3): R1-14.