Ukugqithisa, ukuhlambalaza, ukugula, kunye nokunye
Mhlawumbi uye wakuva ukuba iikhooloncopies ezinkulu zikhusela njani umdlavuza wekoloni . I-American Cancer Society incoma ukuba ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-50, bonke amadoda nabesifazana abasengozini emngciphekweni womhlaza wekolon kufuneka bafumane i-colonoscopy minyaka yonke eyi-10 (okanye enye yeenkqubo zilandelayo ngeminyaka emihlanu: i-CT colonography, i-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo, okanye i-barium eyahlukileyo kabini enema).
Unokuba nolwazi malunga nokuba yingozi kangakanani i-colonoscopy. Kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezinokwenzeka, kwaye abanye abantu basengozini ephezulu kubo kunabanye, kodwa iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba zonke ziqabile. Funda kabanzi malunga neengozi kunye nendlela yokunciphisa.
Iingozi zeColonoscopy
Iingozi zeColonoscopy ziquka ukuphuma kwegazi, ukunyuka kwamathumbu emathumbu (ukupheka umgodi emathunjini), ukusuleleka, ukusabela kakubi kwiimpawu zentsholongwane kunye nesifo sobilini. Nangona kunjalo, ezi nkcenkcesha zenzeke kwaye aziqhathaniswa neekolonoscopies ezingabandakanyi ukususwa kwe- polyp . Iingozi ziquka:
- Ukugqithiswa
- Ukuhlamba
- Postpolypectomy syndrome
- Sulelo
- Ukuphendula kwi-anesthesia (eyona nto iqhelekileyo yintliziyo kunye neengxaki zokuphefumula)
- Iingxaki zeColonoscopy prep
- Iziphumo ezingalunganga
- Iingxaki ezinqabile kakhulu (ezifana nokuphuka kwendiza, i- diverticulitis , kunye nokuqhuma kwegesi)
- Ukufa
Zihlala ziphi Iingxaki
Nangona iimpawu ezincinane ezifana nokuqhaqhabalalisa ziqhelekileyo, kuphela abantu abangama-1.6 abantu bafumana i-colonoscopy complication enzulu ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela ukuvakatyezelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma okanye ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba oku kubandakanye bobabini abathintela iipolisi kunye nabangenayo, abo banezimo zonyango ezifuna i-colonoscopy, kunye nabadala okanye abagulayo. Iingxaki ezingama-85 zeengxaki zihlobene nokususwa kweepolisi.
Jonga ngokukhawuleza kwintlukwano nganye.
Ukugqithiswa: Ukuguqulwa kwamanye amazwe kukho ukwesaba okukhulu ngexesha le-colonoscopy. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa i-colonoscope iphuka ngaphakathi kwimbumba yebilini kunye ne-peritoneal cavity ngenxa yeendlela zendlela, ngenxa ye-barotrauma, okanye kwinkqubo yokususa i-polyp. Umngcipheko uhluka ukusuka ngaphantsi kwama-0.01 kweepesenti kulabo abanokwenziwa kwe-colonoscopy yokuhlola kuphela ukuya kuma-0.3 ekhulwini kulabo abanesipolisi esuswe, benomngcipheko omkhulu we-0.05 ekhulwini.
Ukuhlambalaza: Ukuphela kwegazi kunye nokuhamba kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kuqhelekile emva kwe-colonoscopy. Umngcipheko wokuphuma kwamanzi, nangona kunjalo, ngowama-2.6 kuma-1,000 kulabo abane-colonoscopy yodwa, ukuya kwi-9.8 kwabangama-1,000 kulabo abanepolitiki. Umngcipheko uninzi ngakumbi kulabo abanokukhutshwa kweepolisi ezinkulu, kubabo banesilungiso samathumbu, kunye nalabo abathabatha igazi elincinci laseCoumadin ( warfarin ).
I-postpolypectomy syndrome: I- Postpolypectomy syndrome yingozi yokutshatyalaliswa kwilweleni ehambelana ne-cautery esetyenziswa xa i-polyp isuswa. Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-postpolypectomy electrocoagulation syndrome. Iziganeko ezivela kwii-100 ukuya kwi-100,000 ukuya kwelinye kubantu abayi-1 000 (iipesenti ze-0.003 ukuya kwi-0,1 yeepesenti.) Izimpawu, eziqala emva kweentsuku ezintlanu emva kwenkqubo, zibandakanya intlungu, umkhuhlane kunye nebala eliphezulu le-cell white .
Usulelo: I- bacacteremia emfutshane (ibhaktheriya egazini) ivela kuma-25 eepesenti yabantu, kodwa oku kubangele ukuba kubangele nayiphi na ingxaki. Abo banesiphako senhliziyo (umzekelo, ngenxa yokugungqa kwentliziyo) kufuneka bathathe i-antibiotic yokukhusela ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo. Umngcipheko wokusuleleka usulelo olunjenge-peritonitis (ukusuleleka kwisigxina esiswini) asinqabile.
I-Anesthesia Reactions: I-sedation enikwe iikhooloncopies, ngezinye izihlandlo ebizwa ngokuthi " ukulala kwelanga ," ikhuselekile ngokumalunga ne-anesthesia ejulile, kodwa inokubangela iingxaki ezithile. Iingozi eziqhelekileyo ziyi-cardiopulmonary kwaye ziquka i-hypoxia (ukungabikho kwe-oksijini egazini), i-aspiration pneumonia, kunye ne-arrhythmias yehliziyo. Ukuphendulwa kweengxaki kumachiza okudambisa kunokwenzeka kwakhona. Umngcipheko jikelele weengxaki ze-cardiopulmonary iphakathi kwabantu aba-9 kwabangama-1 000.
Iingxaki zeColonoscopy Prep: Nangona i-colonoscopy prep ayimnandi, abaninzi abantu bayayinyamezela. Iingxaki zinokuthi zenzeke kulabo baneemeko ezinjenge-congestive heart failure and disease of the kid.
Amanqaku angamanga : Iimeko ezimbi zenzekile xa isifo sibakho kodwa ukuvavanya ukuhlolwa kungaphumeleli ukufumana isifo. Ukuba i-polyp okanye umdlavuza wekoloni yayikho, kodwa ingafunyanwanga kwi-colonoscopy, oku kuya kuthathwa njengento engalunganga. Amaxabiso angamaxoki ahluke kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kumava odokotela owenza inkqubo kunye nendlela esetyenziselwa ukunika ingxelo. Umngcipheko jikelele wokuphumo okungalunganga (xa umntu ekhula umdlavuza wekoloni nangona uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wekolon ekulingeni iminyaka emithathu) luphakathi kwama-3.5 ekhulwini kunye ne-7 ekhulwini.
Iimeko ezinzima kakhulu ezikhoyo: Kukho iingxaki ezinqabile kakhulu eziye zabikwa emva kwe-colonoscopy. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya ukuphuka kwepeni kunye ne-diverticulitis. Ukuqhuma kwegesi, okunokubangela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-methan edibene ne-oksijini kunye ne-electrocautery, nayo yinto engavamile kakhulu.
Ukufa: Umngcipheko wokufa ohambelana ne-colonoscopy uphantsi kakhulu, uqikelelwe phakathi kwe-.007 kunye ne -03 ekhulwini. Uhlolisiso ngo-2010 lufumene ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-371,000 abangena kwi-colonoscopy, bekukho ukufa kwabangama-128 kwiphina isizathu. Ukuqwalasela ukuba ii-colonoscopies zenziwa rhoqo kubantu abadala kunye nalabo abanezinye iimeko zonyango, eli nani liphantsi kakhulu.
Yintoni eyandisa ingozi yakho kwiNkcitho
Izibalo zibonelela ngomngcipheko oqhelekileyo weengxaki, kodwa umngcipheko womntu ngamnye unokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Ezinye izinto eziphakamisa umngcipheko ziquka:
- Ukususwa kwePolyp: Xa iifomps zifunyanwa kwaye zisuswe ngexesha le-colonoscopy, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuguqulwa nokuphuma kwegazi, xa kuthelekiswa ne-colonoscopy eyenziwa yedwa kwaye akukho zinyonga ezibonakalayo.
- Yobudala
- Ezinye izimo zonyango: "Izimo ezinzima" ezifana nesifo senhliziyo zandisa ingozi yeengxaki.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwegazi: Abangaphandle kwe- aspirin , engakhuphuki umngcipheko wokuphuma kwamanzi, kodwa unciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinxulumene nentliziyo.
Nciphisa iingozi zeColonoscopy
I- colonoscopy prep efanelekileyo iya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugqirha wakho unombono ocacileyo ngelixa uhamba ngekolon yakho. Ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zibandakanya:
- Khetha i-doc efanelekileyo: Khetha i- gastroenterologist eqinisekisiweyo yebhodi ukwenza inkqubo, ngokuchasene nodokotela wakho wosapho.
- Qaphela: Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela imigaqo ngqo ngexesha lakho le-colonoscopy prep.
- Cela uncedo lokugcina: Qinisekisa ukuba u- anesthesiologist onamava uya kuba khona ngexesha lwenkqubo xa unesiphumo esingathandekiyo kwisenzo sokukhusela.
- Yiba yinto ekhethiweyo malunga nendawo: Khetha iklinikhi okanye isibhedlele esenza inani elikhulu le nkqubo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba izibonelelo ezenza inani elikhulu leekolonoscopies zinenani elingaphantsi kweengxaki kunokuba zenze iinkqubo ezimbalwa.
- Yiba nenkqubo okanye kufuphi nesibhedlele: Ukuba isilumko senzeke, ufuna ukukwazi ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.
- Buza malunga noxinzelelo lwesisu: Buza ugqirha ukuba ufuna ukufaka ingcinezelo esiswini ngexesha le-colonoscopy. Uphando olupapashwe kwi- Gastroenterology Nursing lufumene ukuba ingozi ye-colonoscopy, ubude kunye nokungazinzi kunokunciphisa ukuba ugqirha usebenzisa izicwangciso ezithile zengcinezelo zesisu ngexesha le nkqubo.
Kutheni iColon Cancer Screenings iLondoloza ubomi
Emva kokuphonononga iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ze-colonoscopy, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-colonoscopy inokusindisa ngokucacileyo ubomi. Nangona kubekho ingxoxo malunga nokuphumelela komhlaza wesifuba kunye nomhlaza womhlaza wesifo seprotate, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wekolon kunokwenza umehluko kwaye uxanduva lokunciphisa izinga lokufa komdlavuza wekoloni. Sekunjalo, umdlavuza wekolon usisisithathu sesibangeleko sokufa komdlavuza ochaphazelekayo kumadoda.
Ukuhlolwa komhlaza weColon kuyingqayizivele kwinto yokuba isetyenziswe kokubili ukukhusela nokufumanisa kwangaphambili. Xa iifompshi zifunyenwe kwaye zisuswe kwinqanaba elincinci, i-colonoscopy inokusebenza indima yokukhusela. Xa kuqala i-cancer, i-colonoscopy ingaba yindlela yokufumanisa kwangaphambili.
Ukulinganisa iingozi kunye neNzuzo
Ngaba kufuneka ufumane i- colonoscopy ? Impendulo yabantu abaninzi kukuba ewe kuba izibonelelo ezinokuthi zigqithise kakhulu ingozi. Ii-colonoscopies ziphakathi kwezixhobo eziphambili kakhulu ezikhoyo ukukhusela umdlavuza. Nangona kunjalo, thetha ugqirha wakho malunga nemeko ethile yengozi xa unomngcipheko ophezulu weengxaki kunomntu oqhelekileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Umbutho waseMerika wezoNgcono zeMastoscopy. Iingxaki zeColonoscopy. 2011. http://www.asge.org/assets/0/71542/71544/56321364-c4d8-4742-8158-55b6bef2a568.pdf
> Ranasinghe, I., Przynski, C., Searfoss, R., et al. Ukungafani kwiColonoscopy Quality Phakathi kwezixhobo: Ukuphuhliswa koMngcipheko we-Post-Colonoscopy-Imilinganiselo emiselweyo yeeNtengiso zeZibhedlele ezingabonwayo. Gastroenterology . 2016. 150 (1): 103-113.
> Reumkens, A., Rondagh, E., Bakker, C., Winkens, B., Masclee, A., no-S. Sanduleanu. Iingxaki zePost-Colonoscopy: UkuHlola okuHlolo, iiNtshukumo zexesha, kunye ne-Meta-Analysis of Studies Based Based Studies. I-American Journal yeGastroenterology . 2016. 111 (8): 1092-101.
> I-Stock, C., Ihle, P., Sieg, A., Schubert, I., Hoffmeister, M., noH. Brenner. Iziganeko ezimbi ezifuna izibhedlele ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuhlolwa kweMpilo kunye neNonscreening Colonoscopies. Endoscopy yesisu . 2013. 77 (3): 419-29.