Ugqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo unokufumana ubunzima bokufumanisa isifo seLyme ngenxa yokuba ezininzi iimpawu zayo zifana nezinye zeengxaki kunye nezifo. Isibonakaliso esisodwa esibonakalayo sisifo seLyme (i-erythema migrans, okanye "i-bull-eye," ukukhwabanisa) ayikho ubuncinane kwikota ye-HIV. Nangona i-tick bite yinto ebalulekileyo yokuxilongwa, abaninzi abantu abakwazi ukukhumbula ukuba sele bethwa ngumthi.
Oku akumangalisiyo kuba umthi we-deer usemncinci, kwaye i-tick bite ihlala ibuhlungu.
I-Self-Checks
Nangona awukwazi ukuxilonga okanye ukulawula isifo seLyme ngokwakho, unokwazi ukujonga iimpawu zokuxela kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uyayiqonda xa ufuna ukufumana ugqirha wakho. Kufuneka uhlale uzihlolisisa wena, abantwana bakho, kunye nezilwanyana zakho malunga neekhiza emva kokuba sele ziphuma ngaphandle. Qiniseka ukuba ukhangele imimandla efudumeleyo, enomanzi njengendawo phakathi kwamaqhosha, kwi-groin, kwiqhosha lesisu, emacaleni emadolo, nakwe-scalp. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba iikhiza zingabalwa ukusuka kubukhulu bembewu yepoppy ukuya ngaphantsi kwekota yesentimitha, kuxhomekeka apho bahlala khona kumjikelezo wobomi babo.
Ufanele ubone ugqirha wakho phantsi kwezi meko:
- Ukuba unayo i-erythema i-migrans ephazamisayo ehamba neemeko ezininzi zesifo seLyme, nangona ungaqinisekanga ukuba utyelwe ngepaki. Ukukhwabanisa okubomvu kuya kwandisa kwaye kuqale ukubukeka njengejoni lenkunzi.
- Ukuba unempawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ongaqhelekanga, kwaye ngokukodwa ukuba uhlala okanye usandula ukuya kwindawo yaseUnited States apho isifo seLyme sisanda kakhulu (oku kuquka iNortheast, Mid-Atlantic, kunye nenyakatho- amazwe aphakathi).
- Ukuba uyazi ukuba unomthi oqhotyoshelwe kwiiyure ezingaphezu kwama-48 kwaye unomonakalo kunye / okanye iimpawu ezinjenge-flu.
Qiniseka ukuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyazi ukuba utyunjwe ngepaki okanye ukuba uye wavelelwa kwiikhiza, nokuba ungazi ukuba uyalunywa.
Ugwebo lwezonyango
Kwakhona, ngababoneleli bonyango kuphela abanokufumanisa isifo seLyme. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwesifo seLyme, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakuqwalasela izinto ezininzi:
- Imbali yezobugcisa
- Uhlolo loqobo
- Iimpawu
- Ixesha lonyaka (ukukhawulwa kwekhakiti kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni)
- Imikhwa / indawo (umzekelo, nokuba ungayichitha ixesha ngaphandle kwimeko apho isifo seLyme siqhelekileyo)
- Imbali eyaziwayo ye-tick bite
Kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlolwa kweelabhu kusetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ukuxilongwa. Ukongeza, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakuphanda ezinye izifo ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho.
IiLabs kunye novavanyo
Kukho izigaba ezintathu zesifo seLyme , kuquka:
- Isigaba sokuqala sendawo
- Isigaba sokusasazwa kwangaphambili
- Ixesha elide
Iziganeko zesifo kulezi zigaba, kunye naluphina unyango oluqhubekayo, lunokuzama ukuvavanya.
Ukongezelela, i-Lyme isifo se-bacterium kunzima ukuyivavanya kwiimvavanyo zelabhoratri zamathambo omzimba okanye amanzi. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abanonophelo bonyango bafuna ubungqina be-antibodies ezibhekiselele kuB. burgdorferi egazini lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxaxheba yebhaktriya yimbangela yezibonakaliso.
Abanye abantu abaneempawu zesistim zeentlungu bangaphinde bathathe umpompo womthambo , ovumela umboneleli wezempilo ukuba abone ubuchopho kunye nomgudu wokuvuvukala kunye nokujonga izixhobo zengqungquthela okanye izinto eziphathekayo zohlobo lwe- B. burgdorferi kwi- spinal fluid .
I-Antibody Test
Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo abanako ukuhlala bakhawuleza ukuba i-Lyme isifo se-bacteria sibangela iimpawu. Kwiiveki zokuqala emva kokusuleleka, uvavanyo lwe-antibody aluthembekiyo ngenxa yokuba isistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela asizange sikhiqize i-antibodies esaneleyo. Amayeza anikwa ngethuba lokusuleleka ngentsholongwane inokukhusela amanqindi akho ekufikelelekeni kumanqanaba athathekayo, nangona i-Lyme isifo se-bacteria sibangela iimpawu zakho.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody oluqhele ukusetyenziswa lubizwa ngokuba nguvavanyo lwe-EIA (enzyme immunoassay), oluvunyiweyo yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ukuba i-EIA yakho ifanelekile, umniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo uyakukuqinisekisa ngesibini, uvavanyo oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi- Western blot . Zomibini iziphumo zokuvavanya kufuneka zithande ukuxhasa ukuxilongwa kwesifo seLyme. Kodwa kwakhona, iziphumo ezibi azikhothi ukuba awunayo isifo seLyme, ngokukodwa kwinqanaba lokuqala. Uvavanyo oluhle lwe-EIA aluthethi ukuba unayo isifo seLyme nokuba iimeko ezifihlakeleyo zenzeke.
Uvavanyo lweTikiti
Nangona iikiti livavanywa kwaye zifunyenwe ukuba zihlala kwi-Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi bhakteria, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayidlulisele i-bhakteria kunoma ubani oye wayiluma. Ngoko ke, ukuvavanya ikethi ayiyi kuba yinkcazelo echanekileyo yokuba umntu oye wayiluma uye wafumana isifo seLyme.
Ngenxa yokuba uvavanyo lwekhaksi alikho uphawu olufanelekileyo lwe-Lyme transmission, ezininzi izibhedlele okanye ii-lab zaseburhulumenteni zonyango aziyi kuhlola iikiti kwiibhaktheriya zaseLyme. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezininzi zeelabhu ezizimeleyo eziza kuhlola iikhiza kwiibhaktheriya ngamanani aphuma kwii-75 ukuya kuma-dollar.
Uvavanyo olutsha phantsi koPhuhliso
Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo bafuna iimvavanyo ukuba bahlule phakathi kwabantu abaye bafumana ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yangaphambili kwaye abo baqhubeka bexhatshazwa. Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwesifo seLyme, i-National Institutes of Health (NIH) - abaphandi abancedisayo baphinda bavavanya iimvavanyo ezikhoyo kunye nokuphuhlisa inani leemvavanyo ezintsha ezithembisa ukuba zithembeke ngakumbi kunezinto ezikhoyo ngoku.
Oososayensi be-NIH bahlakulela iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ubugcisa obunobunjineli obubonakalayo obubizwa ngokuba yi- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kunye ne-teknoloji ye-microarray ukufumana ubuncinci obuncinane bezinto eziphathekayo kwi-Lyme isifo sesifo okanye iimveliso zayo kumzimba womzimba kunye namanzi. Iprotheni yebhaktheriya, iprotheni yomhlaba yangaphandle (Osp) C, ibonisa ukuba luncedo ekufumaneni kwangaphambili i-antibodies esithile kubantu abanesifo seLyme. Ekubeni i-genome ye- B. burgdorferi isetyenziswe, iindlela ezitsha ziyafumaneka ukuphucula ukuqonda kwesi sifo kunye nokuxilongwa kwayo.
Ukuxilongwa okuhlukeneyo
Isifo seLyme ngamanye amaxesha sibizwa ngokuba ngu "Omkhulu Umxhatshazi" kuba ngokuqhelekileyo ixelisa ezinye izifo ezininzi, ngokubhekiselele kwiLymeDisease.org, into engenzi inzuzo ekhuthaza ukunakekelwa kwempilo kubantu abane-Lyme sifo kunye nezinye izifo ezithwala iikiti. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye iintlobo zesifo se-arthritis okanye ezinye izifo ezizimeleyo zingaphathwa kakubi njengesifo seLyme.
Izibonakaliso zesifo seLyme ziyakulinganisa iimeko ezifana nale:
- Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
- I-mononucleosis
- Irheumatoid arthritis
- Fibromyalgia
- Isifo sokunyamezela esingapheliyo
- Isifo sokugubhuka
- Isifo se-Alzheimer
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Intloko ye-Migraine
- Lymphoma
Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto xa esenza ukuxilongwa.
Ekuqaleni kamva
Isifo seLyme siye safumanisa ukuba side ngokwaneleyo, kwaye iibhaktheriya ezithathelwanayo ezibangela ukuba kulula ukuba zichonge, ukuba ezininzi izigulane ezinezifo zakuqala zaseLyme ziyakwazi ukufumana ugqirha onokuyiqonda ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezi gulane ezichazwe ngugqirha ukuba iimpawu zabo zisezintloko zabo ziyakwazi ukufumana omnye ugqirha ukubanceda bafumane ukuchonga okuchanekileyo.
Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, izigulane zifumana ubunzima obukhulu ekufumaneni isifo seLyme. Kwaye kungenxa yokuba kukho ukuphikisana okujikeleza ukuxilongwa kwezigulane ezingenayo impawu kude kube kude emva kokuba zitshiswe ngepaki. Ngelixa abanye abantu bebonisa iimpawu, kubandakanywa "isohlo" leklasi eliqhelekileyo, ngokukhawuleza emva kokulinywa kwekhaksi, kunokwenzeka ukuba iimpawu aziyi kubonakalisa iintsuku okanye emva kweminyaka emva kokusuleleka.
Ukongezelela koko, ezinye izigulane ziphathwa ngokukhawuleza ngamayeza omzimba, kodwa ezo antibiotics aziyi kubhubhisa ngokupheleleyo ibhaktheriya yaseLyme Borrelia , okanye ezinye iimpawu zenzeke nangona kungekho naluphi na uphawu losulelo oluqhubekayo oluqhubekayo.
I-Lyme Disease Diagnosis Controversy
Nangona kungekho mntu ophika ukuba abanye abantu baphathwe ngokufanelekileyo kwisifo seLyme baya kuba neengxaki eziqhubekayo, kukho ukuphikisana okukhulu kwento ekuthiwa yiyo, yintoni ebangela ukuba, kwaye indlela ephathwa ngayo. Kuye kwathiwa "isifo esingenamsoco saseLyme"; Amaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (i-CDC) ibiza i-Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS).
Ukusebenzisa igama elithi "elingapheliyo" libonisa ukuba usulelo kunye nokuvuvukala kusekhona, kodwa kwi-PTLDS, kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuthi le yimeko. Ingxoxo ingancinci malunga nokuba ngaba izigulane zisenokuba ziziimpawu zomzimba kunye nokunye malunga nokuba ngaba kubangelwa unyango oluqhubekayo nokuba ngaba abantu abane-PTLDS bafanele baphathwe ngamayeza-unyango olungenakucetyiswa kuphela kodwa lungabangela iingxaki ezinkulu kwezi zi gulane .
Enyanisweni, ii-CDC zidibene nezinye iindibano zempilo ezihloniphekileyo nezihloniphekileyo kunye namagunya e-United States ekucaciseni ukuba ubungqina obukhoyo abuxhasekanga ukuba "isifo esingenasifo seLyme" sibangelwa usulelo oluqhubekayo kwi-britney Lyme; Yingakho bakhetha igama elithi "isifo se-Lyme disease syndrome". La maqela afaka i-Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), i-American Academy ye-Neurology, kunye ne-NIH.
Ukongezelela, abaqeqeshi bezempilo abanophatha i-PTLDS ngeentsholongwane zangexesha elide banokubeka izigulane zabo ingozi engadingekile kunye nokwandiswa kwamazinga amabhaktheriya anqandekiyo.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuxilongwa kwexesha elingapheliyo
Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba unayo i-PTLDS, okanye isifo esingapheliyo seLyme, fumana ugqirha oqonda isayensi esetyenziswayo emva kwesifo seLyme kunye ne-post-treatment ye-Lyme disease syndrome, nokuba ngaba abayiyibiza ngokuba yiLyme engapheliyo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Blaser M. I-antibiotic yokusetyenziswa komsebenzi: Yeka ukubulawa kweBhakteria encedo. Uhlobo . Agasti 25, 2011; 476: 393-394. i-doi: 10.1038 / 476393a.
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). Inkqubo yovavanyo lweLebhu yeZibini. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMatshi 26, 2015.
> Isizwe seSizwe soButhakathaka kunye nezifo ezithintekayo. Izifo eziPhezulu. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 3, 2015.