Ukuthintelwa ngokuNgcono
Sonke sibonile iimpawu kwiindawo zokuhlambela zokutyela ezichaza: "Abasebenzi mabahlambe izandla ngaphambi kokuba babuyele emsebenzini." I-Shigellosis, isifo sohudo esibangelwa yi-bhakteria, esinye sezifo ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo ezinokuthi zithintelwe kalula ngokucoceka nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo .
Amagama
UShigella sonnei, uShigella flexneri, uShigella boydii, uShigella dysenteriae
Udidi lweMicrobe
Iibhakteria zegram
Indlela Esasazeka ngayo
I-Shigellosis isasazwa ngumntu ngomntu ngomzila we-fecal-oral (okanye ukungena kwezinto eziphathekayo emva kokunyakaza kwesibilini). Kuye kwabandakanyeka kwiindawo ezininzi zokutya. Abaphathi bokutya abanokuhlanjululwa kococeko, njengabo abangazange bahlambulule ngokupheleleyo i-bacteria emva kwekhefu, bangasasaza isifo. Inokusasazeka ngeempukane, izibhuku zokubhukuda, kunye noqhagamshelwano lomntu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.
Ngubani Osemngciphekweni?
Bonke abantu basengozini. Amaninzi amaninzi asemancinci abantwana abaneminyaka engama-1000 ubudala, ingakumbi abo bafika kumaziko okunakekela abantwana. Kuqheleke kakhulu ehlobo kunye nokuwa kwamaxesha. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye nokuThinjwa, ama-14,000 amacala eShigellosis anikwa ingxelo ngonyaka kwi-United States. Kukho amacala amaninzi angabhalwanga. Kubandakanywa amacala angabhalwanga, kukho amacala angama-300 000 ngonyaka. Emazweni asathuthukayo, ireyithi yesifo sinokuphakama kwaye isifo sinokubulala.
Ngubani oMngcipheko ongakumbi?
Kukho neemeko zeSigel-resistant Shigella ezibangele inkxalabo. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zixhatshazwa kwi-Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) i-antibiotic efanayo. Kukho kwakhona i-Shigella engamelana ne-Azithro. Ezi ngxaki zifumaneka kwiindwendwe ezibuyela eU.S. zivela kwiihambo eziphesheya. Phantse isiqingatha sezilwanyana ezikhuselekanga iziyobisi zifunyenwe phakathi kokubuya kwabahambi.
Uninzi lwehambo luya kwi-mpuma ye-Asia. Ukuthatha ii-antibiotics ukukhusela isifo sohudo kunokwandisa ithuba lokuzisa ibhaktheriya engaxhomekiyo emakhaya (nangona kungekhona iShigella). Kukho neemeko eziye zasasazeka phakathi kwabantu abesilisa nabasetyhini kunye nabesilisa abalala ngokwesini (MSM).
Iimpawu
Izimpawu ezintle zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, nesifo sohudo olugazini.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Gram-stain kunye nenkcubeko yesitulo.
Prognosis
Ngokuqhelekileyo uhamba phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7; ukulala esibhedlele akunqabile.
Unyango
Ngokuqhelekanga ayimfuneko, kodwa i-antibiotics inganciphisa ukugula. Izidakamizwa zokurhoxiswa kufuneka zikhutshwe kuba zikhusela i-microbe ukuba ingashiyi umzimba kwaye ingenza abantu bagule. Nceda uzigcine u-hydrated. Ukuba wena, umntwana okanye nayiphi na enye iya kuba yinkangala, unokubiza umnqweno wezempilo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufune ukusela izixhobo ezinokutshintshisisa ngeeshukela kunye nentetyu.
Thintelo
Ukuhlamba izandla kunye nococeko phakathi kwabantu abadala nabantwana kubaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuba izandla kunye nokutya zihlambuluke kumanzi acocekileyo. Oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni kusetyenziswa iinkqubo zokucocwa kwenkunkuma. Akukho sitofu esikhoyo. Kubalulekile ukulandela ubuchule bokuhlambulula emva kokutshintsha i-diapers yabantwana kunye emva kokusebenzisa indlu yokuhlambela.
Indlela Ebangelwa Izifo
Ukungena kwe-shigella kubangela ukuhlasela kweebhaktheriya kwiqanda lomathumbu omncinci, apho landa khona. Iimpawu zivame ukuba ziqale iiyure eziyi-12 ukuya kweye-9 emva kokuba zichazwe kwiibhaktheriya. Emva kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-7, iibhaktheriya zihlasela umathumbu omkhulu. Ezinye iintlobo zivelisa "i-toxin" ye-Shiga ebangela ukuvuvukala nokukhuselwa kwamanzi emathumbu. I-toxin nayo ibonakalisa i-tissue lining of intestine enkulu neentso.
Ku khuselwa
Xa sele usulelekile, akunakwenzeka ukuba uphethwe nguhlobo olufanayo lweShigella, ngenxa yokuphendula kwamagciwane omzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukusuleleka kwezinye iindidi kusenokwenzeka.
Iingxaki
Usulelo lunokubangela ukupheliswa kwamanzi. Ukuba i-toxin yonakalisa intliziyo, ingakhokelela kwi-hemolytic uremic syndrome. Phantse iipesenti ezi-2 zabantu abaneShigella flexneri kuphuhliswa "isifo se-arthritis esandulela isifo", kunye neempawu ezibandakanya intlungu edibeneyo, ukucaphuka kwamehlo, nokuvuthwa okubuhlungu. Umele uthethe ugqirha okanye umongikazi malunga nokuphepha nayiphi na le ngxaki enzulu. Isifo esishiya ugula kwithuba elithile singakhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo, ngoko kubalulekile ukuthetha nomqeqeshi wezempilo malunga nayiphi na imibuzo.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuhlamba izandla (kunye nokutya) kumanzi acocekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Awufuni nantoni na ekumele ibe phantsi kwindlu yangasese ephazamisayo into oyidlayo.
> Imithombo:
> Shigella spp. FDA Book Bug Bad. I-Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms ne-Natural Toxins Handbook.
> Shigellosis Ulwazi jikelele. CDC DFBMD.