Indlela i-Opioids isetyenziselwa ngayo ukuxhamla ubuhlungu obungapheliyo
I-opioids sele isetyenziselwa ukuphatha intlungu enzima nangona ukusetyenziswa kwabo ekulawuleni iintlungu ezingapheliyo kuhlala kungqubuzana. Abanye abantu bangakwazi ukunyamezela i-opioids iminyaka engenazo iziphumo ezimbi xa abanye behlala bexhomekeke emzimbeni okanye bafumane ukunyamezela ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo. Njengamayeza amaninzi, i-opioids isebenza ngokuhlukileyo kumntu wonke.
Ziziphi ii-opioids?
I-opioids zihlobo lwe- analgesic , okanye amayeza asetshenziselwa ukulawula iintlungu zentlungu. Ngenxa yokuba zihlelwe njengezonyango, zifumaneka ngomyalelo kuphela. I-opioids isebenza ngokubambisana nakwamanye ama-receptors kwinkqubo yesantya kunye nokutshintsha indlela ubuchopho bubona ngayo kwaye buguqulela intlungu. I-opioids inganikwa ngeendlela ezilandelayo.
- I-intravenously - Inqanaba elincinci le-opioids lijojowe, ngokuqhelekileyo liphuma kumpompo wentlungu, ukubonelela ngeentlungu zentlungu. I-opioids ye-IV isetyenziswa ngokubanzi emva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, njengokutshintshwa kwe-hip okanye ukuhlinzwa ngethambo.
- Ngomlomo - I-opioids ingathathwa ngomlomo kwipilisi okanye njengowomanzi, yile ndlela iyeza ngayo imithi eninzi yengxaki. I-opioid yomlomo ingenziwa ifakwe ukubonelela ngenxeba elifutshane elide okanye elide elide, ngenxa yeeyure ezimbalwa okanye ngeeyure eziliqela ngokulandelanayo.
- I-Topic - I-Opioids ingasetyenziselwa ulusu kwifom yefaki, ehambisa ngokukhawuleza umthamo weeyeza zentlungu ekhumbeni. Isetyenziselwa ukuphuluzwa kwexesha elide, iifatches zingasebenza ngeentsuku ezimbalwa ngexesha.
- Nge-Suppository - Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa intlungu yomhlaza kunezinye iintlobo zeentlungu ezingapheliyo, i-opioid suppositories zikhulula inani elincinci le-analgesic ngexesha elide ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12.
Ukuba unikwe i-opioids yokubuhlungu okungapheliyo, amathuba okuba uya kusebenzisa ifom yomlomo okanye yepaki okanye udibaniso lwababini.
Xa i-opioids isetyenziselwa ubuhlungu obungapheliyo
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-opioid kunokucatshangwa xa i-analgesics engekho i-opioid ihlulekile ukubonelela ukukhululeka kwentlungu. Ezi ziquka i-acetaminophen kunye ne- NSAID . Ukuba ezi zigubukiso azikwazi ukuphumelela ngokubandezeleka kwakho okungapheliyo, ugqirha wakho unokujonga into enamandla. I-opioids iyahluka ngamandla, kwaye amanye adibene kunye namanye amayeza.
Ukuba usuvele usebenza kwiyeza elifutshane kunye neentlungu zakho eziye zaba nzima kwiimeko zendalo, ugqirha wakho uya kuguqula umuthi osebenza ixesha elide. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izidakamizwa ezisebenza ixesha elide zikhethwa, njengoko zibonelela ngakumbi ukulawula ubuhlungu kunokuba zizalwe zabo ezincinci; ezi zilandelayo ziyakuthi zinikezelwe kuwe, kodwa nje ngenxa yezihlandlo ezibuhlungu - kungekhona ukulawula rhoqo intlungu.
I-opioids isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ubuhlungu obuyingozi
- I-Codeine - I-Codeine yimizi yesifo esithathwa ngomlomo. Yenza okufutshane-ntsebenzo, oku kuthetha ukuba iphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngeqondo. I-Codeine idla ngokudibanisa ne-acetaminophen nangona ingalawulwa kunye ne-aspirin.
- I-Oxycodone - i-Oxycodone ifumaneka kwindlela zombini yokwenza iifutshane kunye nexesha elide lonyango. Ingathathwa yedwa, okanye idibaniswe namanye ama-analgesics afana ne-aspirin okanye i-acetaminophen.
- I-Fentanyl- Fentanyl ifumaneka njengemithi yeentlungu zesikhashana kwi-lollipop ifom, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukulawulwa kwentlungu . Ifom yefaki yexesha elide iyakhona, enokusebenza ngokufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-72.
- I-Hydrocodone - I-Hydrocodone, njenge-codeine kunye ne-oxycodone, inokudibaniswa namanye ama-analgesics afana ne-aspirin okanye i-acetaminophen. Ingumuthi weentlungu zesikhashana kwaye ufana nekhowudi.
- I-Hydromorphone - I-hydromorphone yi-opioid esebenza ngokufutshane eyaziwayo ukuba isebenze ngokukhawuleza. Ingasetyenziselwa kwifom yomlomo, nangona iifom kunye nefomository fomu nazo ziyafumaneka. Ngamanye amaxesha i-Hydromorphone isetyenziselwa endaweni ye-morphine.
- I-Morphine - i-Morphine yenye yeepioid esebenzayo-kwaye inokuba yinto enamandla kakhulu. Nangona ikhona kwifom ye-lozenge yokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza, ininzi idlalwa ngumqeqeshi wezempilo kwiibhedlele okanye kwiklinikhi.
- I-Methadone - Nangona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengesicatshulwa esilulayo se-opioids okanye i-heroin, i-methadone nayo inokusetyenziswa ekulawuleni ukuphathwa kabuhlungu okungapheliyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isebenza ngeeyure ezine ukuya ezintandathu ngexesha.
- I-Oxymorphone - I-Oxymorphone ifumaneka kwiifom ezenzileyo, mhlawumbi nge-injection okanye i-suppository. Ifom yexesha elide lifumaneka kwakhona elisebenzayo ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12. I-Oxymorphone ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa endaweni ye-morphine.
- I-Pentazocine - I-Pentazocine ifana nekhowudi kunye kwaye i-opioid ehamba emfutshane. Akunakudla ngokusetyenziswa kwindlela eqinileyo ngenxa yokuthambekela kwayo ukudala ukudideka kunye nokuxhalaba, ngakumbi kubantu abadala.
Luhlobo luni lwe-opioid Ngaba iDokotela wami uza kubhala?
Uhlobo lwe-opioid oluya kuluxhomekeka luya kuxhomekeka kumhlobo kunye nomgangatho wentlungu. Ngaphandle kokuba uzame amanye amayeza angenayo i-opioid ngaphandle kokunceda, ugqirha wakho akakwazi ukukunika i-opioids nonke. Ukuba i-analgesics engenazo i-opioid ayizange iphumelele kuwe, ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwi-opioid encinci njengekhowudi. Okanye, unokukuvavanya kwi-opioid exutywe kunye ne-aspirin okanye i-acetaminophen.
Ukuba intlungu yakho inzima kakhulu, unokunikezelwa into enamandla, enjenge-oxycodone. Ugqirha wakho unokuzama zombini iifom ezenziweyo ezimfutshane kunye nezangexesha elide ukuze abone oko kusebenza kakuhle kwiintlungu zakho. Unako ukudibanisa ii-opioid ezinamandla kunye nezinye izilwanyana, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho.
Njengamanye amaninzi enyango, unokufuneka uzame uninzi lwe-opioid okanye i-opioid inhlanganisela ngaphambi kokuba ufumane uncedo.
Imithombo:
I-American Chronic Pain Association. Amayeza e-APCA kunye nobuhlungu obungapheliyo: Ungezelelo ngo-2007. Ukufikelela kwi-6/14/09.
I-Garner-Nix, uJacqueline. Imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwe-opioid kwi-Non-Cancer Pain . I-Canadian Medical Association Journal. Julayi 8, 2003; 169 (1)
I-Merck Manuals iTree Library yeLayibrari. Ubuhlungu: unyango. Fi kelelwa ngo 6/14/09. http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec06/ch078/ch078d.html
Isizwe seSizwe sokuLawulwa kweziyobisi. I-NIDA InfoFacts: I-Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medication. Fi kelelwa ngo 6/17/09. http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/PainMed.html