I-Conjunctivitis , eyaziwa ngokuba yinto ebomvu, ichaphazela abaninzi abantu abayizigidi ezintandathu ngonyaka ngamnye e-United States. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nemingcipheko ye-conjunctivitis ukuze ukwazi ukulawula kakuhle iimpawu zakho kunye nokuthintela ukuphindaphinda.
Ngokubanzi, i-conjunctivitis iwela kwiindidi ezibini eziphambili: ezithathelwanayo kwaye ezingenasifo.
I-conjunctivitis echaphazelekayo ibangelwa iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye i-fungi xa izizathu ezingezangezisulelo ziquka ukubandezeleka, ukukhathazeka kwamakhemikhali kunye namanye amazwe.
Izizathu zeViral Conjunctivitis
Iingxelo ze-Virus iipesenti ezingama-80 zazo zonke iimeko zokudibanisa kunye neepesenti ezingama-90 zezo ziganeko ezibangelwa yi-adenovirus kunye neepesenti ezintlanu nge-virus ye-herpes simplex. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibomvu kwamehlo kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi.
Ezinye iindiza eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ingxaki yeCoxsackie
- Enterovirus
- Epstein Barr virus
- Intsholongwane kaRubella
- I-Rubeola (isifo segciwane)
- Intsholongwane yeHerpes simplex
- I-Varicella-zoster (intsholongwane yenkukhu)
Unyango luyadingeka kangangoko kulezi zifo njengoko zihlala zizixazulula zodwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezifuna ukuhanjiswa kwi-ophthalmologist.
Usulelo lweHerpes
Akunakho kuphela i-herpes infections ezifana ne-herpes simplex kunye ne-varicella-zoster ephazamisa i-conjunctiva kodwa ngamanye amaxesha angabangela izilonda zamachiza okanye ukukhawulwa kwe-cornea enokuchaphazela umbono wakho.
Kukho iimvavanyo zakho umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokwenza ukuba ufumane ukuba unesifo se-herpes.
I-keratoconjunctivitis yesifo
Enye inqabileyo ye-virjun conjunctivitis, isifo se-keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) , kubangelwa i-serotypes ethile ye-adenovirus. I-EKC iyatshisa zombini i-cornea kunye ne-conjunctiva, enokubangela ukuba utshintshe kwimibono yakho.
Ukongeza kwimfucuza yamanzi, unokuvakalelwa ngathi kukho umzimba ongaphandle kweliso lakho.
Iingxaki zeBacterial Conjunctivitis
Iibangela ze-bacterium zokudibanisa zininzi kakhulu. Ukukhutshwa kwe-OMS ngokuqhelekileyo kunqabile kwaye kuhlanjululwa ngokuchasene nokukhutshwa kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo kubonwe ngezifo zentsholongwane. I-conjunctivitis ye-bacterium kufuneka iphathwe nge-antibiotics efanelekileyo xa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kosulelo.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
I-aureus yile ibhaktheriya eqhelekileyo efunyanwa ngabantu abadala ngelixa abantwana banako ukusulelwa yi-bhakteria. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi bhaktheriya ziphathwa ngokulula.
Ngaphandle kwesinye i- methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) . Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kuya kufuna ukubonisana ne-ophthalmology kunye nonyango kunye namayeza athile.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo
Kukho izifo ezithintekayo ezinobungozi bebhakteria ezinqwenela ukuqwalaselwa. Ngoxa bengenabo abaqhelekileyo, banokunyusa umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa kombono. Uhlolo lokuhlola i-ophthalmology lukwacetyiswa.
I-Chlamydia trachomatis ne- Neisseria gonorrhoeae ziyi-bhakteria ejongene nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi owazi ngokuqhelekileyo njenge- chlamydia ne-gonorrhea.
Ngelixa sisoloko sicinga ngezi ntloba zokungenwa kwezifo njengoko kufika emehlweni, kwenzeka. Umzekelo, umntu unokugubungela amehlo emva kokuthinta izifo zomzimba ezikhuselweyo okanye iimfihlo.
Inani labantu abasengozini enkulu yalezi zifo zintsana . Ukuba umama usulelekile ngexesha lokunikezelwa, ukuhanjiswa kwebhakteria kwenzeka njengoko umntwana ephuma kwinqanaba lokuzalwa. Ngenxa yokuba i-chlamydia ne-gonorrhea ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu, unina unakho okanye angazi ukuba unesifo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba umgangatho wokunyamekela ekuhambiseni ukuphatha zonke iintsana kunye namafutha okubulala amayeza.
Conjunctivitis
Abantu abanamaxesha aphelileyo, i-asthma, kunye ne-eczema kubangele ubungozi bokuhlakulela i-conjunctivitis .
Yintoni eyahlula i-conjunctivitis ye-allergenic kwiintlobo ezithathelwanayo. Njenge-conjunctivitis ye-viral, ukukhutshwa kwe-ocular kudla kube ngamanzi.
I-akhawunti ye-seasonal account for 90 percent of all conjunctivitis cases. Amatyala aseleyo angabangela ezinye izifo ezikhuselekileyo okanye izifo ezingapheliyo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yimpendulo ye-allergen kuya kwi-cornea, ekhokelela kwi- atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) . Njengokuba nayiphi na i-keratitis, kukho umngcipheko wokwanda kombono ukuba i-AKC ishiywe ingaphathwa.
Ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Ezinye iintlobo ze-conjunctivitis zihlala zifutshane kwaye zibangelwa zilandelayo.
Iimpawu zeMichiza
Ukuba ikhemikhali ingena kwilihlo lakho, inokubangela ukucasuka nokubomvu. Amanzi echibini e-chlorinated ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo.
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ikhemikhali yetyhefu iyahluma kwijiso lakho. Ukunkcenkceshela kwamehlo kunokususa ummeli okhubekayo kodwa kunokubangela ukubomvu kwamehlo kwaye. Ubomvu emva kokunkcenkcesha kuphucula kwimihla.
Amanye amazwe
Umzimba wasemzini kwisehlo, nokuba i-eyelash, inokubangela ukubomvu kwamehlo nokuvuvukala ukuya kutsho emva kokuba usususwe. Isiselo sokunkcenkceshela ukususa loo mzimba wangaphandle ungongeza kwiloluvo.
Okumalunga naluphi na ukunyuka komzimba ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe. Le yilapho i -conjunctivitis enkulu (GPC) yamaphepha epilisi inokudlala. I-GPC iyenzeka xa inkophelo ibhaqa ngokuphindaphindiweyo emzimbeni wangaphandle, njenge-lens yoqhagamshelwano okanye utyando oluphambili. Ukuphendula ngokukhuselana nomzimba kubangelwa ukuba kuqhutywe ukuvutha kwendawo.
Akunjalo kuphela abantu abaneGPC abafumana isohlo lokubona amanzi, bahlala bechaza ukuvakalelwa kwintliziyo. Inkophe ibuye ikhuphe kwaye ifake iibhokhwe ezincinci kwi-underside ye-eyelidi ekunceda ukuseka ukuxilongwa.
I-GPC iyakwenzeka ukuba i-debris iqokelele kwi-lens yakho yoqhagamshelwano. Kuphindwe ngokuphindwe kwezihlandlo ezilishumi kubasebenzisi be-lens ezixhambileyo kunxibelelwano olunzima. Sekunjalo, akuyinto eqhelekileyo, ichaphazela kuphela enye kwiingama ezintlanu zabasebenzisi abathintekayo.
Izinto zokuphila
Awukwazi ukulawula ukuba umntu ophantse nawe ufumana ukudibanisa kodwa ungathatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ingozi kuwe.
Iilensi zokujonga
Ukugqoka ii-lens zokunxibelelana kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokudibanisa ngeendlela ezininzi. Isisombululo sokucoca i-lens sisenokungenwa yi-bhakteria okanye isisombululo ngokwaso singasichukumisa ikhemikhali kwiso. I-lens yoqhagamshelwano ngokwayo ayinakulungele kakuhle okanye idiphozi zingakha kwiilensi emva kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide okanye ngokucoca okungafanelekanga.
Ukuba usebenzisa ii-lens zokunxibelelana, qaphela ukuba uzihlambulule ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ubone ugqirha wezilanga ukuba ungeyonto engasetyenziswayo.
Amehlo Amile
Abantu abanesifo somlenze owomileyo banako ukuhlakulela iliso elipinki. Unokuqwalasela ukusebenzisa i-droping eyehla emanzini okanye ufune ukuvavanya kunye nodokotela wezilanga ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba kukho unyango olwenziwe.
Ucoceko
Ukucoceka kobuthakathaka kwenza kube lula ukuba usasazelele isifo kwiso kwelinye ukuya kwelinye okanye liyakwazi ukusasazeka kumntu omnye ukuya kwelinye. Ukuhlamba izandla ngokubalulekileyo kukubalulekileyo. Kananjalo ugweme ukuchukumisa okanye ukuxubha amehlo akho kunye nokwabelana nayiphi na into enokuqhagamshelana ngayo namehlo akho, oko kukuthi, iilensi zokudibanisa, ukwakheka kwamehlo, ama-eyeglass, imilenze, okanye ithubhu.
> Imithombo:
> Azari AA, Barney NP. I-Conjunctivitis: Ukuphononongwa ngokuSingqinisiso koNgcaciso kunye noNyango. JAMA. 2013 Oktobha 23; 310 (16): 1721-1729. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.2013.280318.
> Conjunctivitis (I-Pink Eye). Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/clinical.html. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Oktobha 16, 2017.
> Jacobs DS. Conjunctivitis. Ku: Sullivan DJ (Ed), UpToDate (Intanethi) , Waltham, MA. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 2018.
> O'Callaghan RJ. I-Pathogenesis yeStaphylococcus aureus Iintsholongwane Zamehlo. Pathogens. 2018 Jan 10; 7 (1). pii: E9. i-doi: 10.3390 / i-pathogens7010009.
> Suchecki JK, Donshik P, Ehlers WH. Qha ga mshelana neLens Complications. I-Ophthalmol Clinic yaseNyakatho Am. 2003 Sep 01, 16 (3): 471-484. i-doi: 10.1016 / S0896-1549 (03) 00056-7.