Oko Kukwenza Nendlela Yokuyithatha
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubeke i-Metformin yesifo sikashukela okanye esinye isetyenziswe, yintoni na le nyango kwaye isebenza njani? Iyiphi indlela engcono yokuyithatha ukunciphisa imiphumo emibi? Ziziphi iimpembelelo ezibi ongazifumanayo kwaye kutheni kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezi zinto?
Sibanzi
Ngokwe-American American Diabetes Standards of Care, i-Metformin, ukuba iyakunyamezela, yinto ekhethiweyo yonyango yesifo sikashukela se- Type 2 isifo sikashukela kuba iyona ndlela iphumelele.
Ngokungafani nabantu abane- Type 1 yeswekile , abantu abane-Type 2 yeswekile bayenza i-insulin. Ingxaki kukuba ayinokwenza i-insulin ngokwaneleyo okanye i-insulin eyenzayo ayisebenzisi kakuhle. I-Metformin yinyango yokungathathi hlangothi eyenza umzimba usetyenzise i-insulin. Ukunyaniseka kwamandla okutyala kuthetha ukuba akuhambelani nokufumana ubunzima (okanye ukulahlekelwa) njengoko kuninzi nezinye iyeza.
Njengawo onke amayeza, nangona kunjalo, i-Metformin inokuvelisa ezinye iziphumo zecala, ezinye zazo zibalulekile ukwazi.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani
I-Metformin yile yeklasi yezilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba yi- biguanides , ezivela kwi-lilac yesiFrentshi. I-Metformin inceda ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi ngokusebenzisa i-insulin kunye nokunciphisa ukunganyaniseki kwe-insulin (okwenza umzimba wakho ukhululeke kwi-insulin.)
Abantu abaninzi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bathatha iisisitye ezininzi zesisindo sokunciphisa i-insulin ekwenzeni umsebenzi wabo, ekugqibeleni kubangela ukuba iiselingi zinganyangeki kwi-insulin. Xa iiseli zixhatshazwa kwi-insulin, i-insulini ayikwazi ukuhambisa iswekile ukusuka kwigazi ukuya kwiiseli zokusebenzisa amandla, kwaye endaweni yoko, iswekile ihlala egazini.
Ngenxa yoko, isibindi siphendula ngokwenza ushukela ngenxa yokuba icinga ukuba umzimba uyayidinga i-fuel kwaye i-pancreas iyaphendula ngokwenza i-insulin. Uqhutyana neengxabano-ushukela ophezulu wegazi kunye namazinga aphezulu e-insulin. I-Metformin inceda ukubuyisela i-normalcy ngokunyusa ukuvakalelwa kwe-insulin nokunciphisa imveliso yeswekile eyenziwa yisibindi.
Ezinye izinto
Ukongezwa kokusetyenziswa kwesifo sikashukela, ngezinye iifomfom kusetyenziswa i-"off-label" kwi- polycystic syndrome syndrome (i-PCOS) njengoncedo ekuzaleni, njengento yokulahleka kwesisindo, okanye ukuphatha isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela. Uphando okwangoku uphonononga ukunyuka kwenyameko yabantu abanomdlavuza ongaphantsi, njengengomdlavuza wamaphaphu, umdlavuza webele, kunye nomhlaza wesisu oye waphathwa nge-metformin. Ezinye iziphumo ziye zafumanisa ukuba i-metformin ijolise ezininzi iindlela zokukhula komhlaza. I-Metformin iphinda ifundwe ngefuthe layo kwi-thyroid njengoko ibonakala iyanciphisa umngcipheko we-goiters, i-nodules ye-thyroid kunye nomdlavuza we-thyroid.
Xa Ufanele Uwathabathe
Kunconywa ukuba abantu bathathe i-Metformin kunye nokutya njengoko oku kokubili kwandisa ukuxhamla kwayo esiswini kwaye kuncitshiswe iziphumo zecala-isisu se-cramps, isifo sohudo, kunye nesicefe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaninzi abantu abatsha kwiMetformin baya kuyithatha ngesidlo esikhulu. Ukukhumbula ukuthabatha i-Metformin, kufuneka uzame ukuyithatha ngexesha elifanayo.
Ukuqalisa iMetformin
I-Metformin yonyango emele yonyuka okanye ibhalwe ngokuthe ngcembe ukuze nciphise nantoni na isisu xa iqala ukuqala. Kuya kuthatha ixesha elide kuxhomekeke kwinto enikezela ngayo unonophelo lwempilo yakho kunye nendlela ophendula ngayo kumachiza (leyeza inezindlela ezininzi).
Umzekelo, umntu omtsha kwiMetformin kwaye umiselwe ukuba ngu-2000mg kabini ngosuku unokuqala ngokuthatha ama-500mg rhoqo ngeentsuku zedini ngeveki enye. Ngeveki ezimbini, uya kuthatha i-500mg kunye nesidlo sasekuseni kunye no-500mg kunye nesidlo sakusihlwa. Ngeveki yesithathu, uya kuthatha i-1000mg ngesidlo kunye ne-500mg kunye nesidlo sasekuseni. Kwaye ngeveki ezine, uya kuba yinjongo yakhe yokwelapha-ukuthatha i-1000mg kunye nesidlo sasekuseni kunye no-1000mg kunye nesidlo sakusihlwa.
Kulo lonke ixesha lokubhaliweyo, kufuneka uqaphele iishukela zegazi. Ukuba ufumana iishukela eziphantsi kwegazi okanye nayiphina imiphumo emibi, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomboneleli wakho wonyango ukuze impilo iguqulwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Xa ungathandabuzeki-soloko ucela.
Imiphumela
Isikhalazo esikhulu esikhulu abantu abanalo malunga ne-Metformin kukuba ibangela i-gas kunye nehudo. Oku kunokuncitshiswa ngokunyusa umthamo ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukuba unako uhudo okanye igesi, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uthatha iyeza ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba ufumana iimpembelelo eziqhubekayo ezinjengegesi okanye isifo sohudo, cela umniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo malunga nenkcazelo yokukhululwa yile mayeza-yithuba elikhutshwe lonyango elinokukunceda ukukhusela imiphumo yesisu esiswini. Ixesha elikhutshweyo lokukhutshwa lidla ngokuphindwe kanye ngosuku ngemini yokuhlwa.
Ezinye iziphumo eziPhakathi zeMetformin
Ngokungafani nonyango oluninzi lwesifo sikashukela, i-Metformin ayibangeli u-hypoglycemia (ushukela ophantsi wegazi.) Kananjalo, ngokungafani nohlobo oluninzi lweyeza zesifo sikashukela , i-Metformin ayinakuncedisa ubunzima kwaye inokukuncedisa ekulahlekeni kwesisindo.
Ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zeMetformin zingaba zibi kakhulu. Enye yeziphumo yi-lactic acidosis. Nangona uphando lwangoku lubonisa ukuba yiyona imeko engavumelekanga engahambelaniswa ngqo ne-Metformin, ingozi ye-lactic acidosis yonyuka kubo bobabini abanezifo zesifo esingasigxina kunye nalabo abaneesifo sesibindi.
I-Lactic acidosis iyenzeka xa i-lactic acid yakha egazini kwaye ibangelwa ngumzimba kufuneka uphephe iishukela ngaphandle kobuso be-oksijini esikhundleni se-aerobically. Abantu abangekho kwiMetformin bangahlakulela i-lactic acidosis ekusebenziseni ngamandla, ukugula okukhulu, ukulimala, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Iimpawu ze-lactic acidosis ezinxulumene ne-Metformin zinokuba zizinzo okanye zinzima kwaye zingabandakanya ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, ubuthathaka kunye nobuhlungu besisu. Ukuba ufumana ezi zimpawu ngelixa uthatha iMetformin kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezokwelapha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba i-lactic acidosis ingaphathwa, ingabangela iingxaki ezinzima okanye nokufa (ukuboshwa kwentliziyo.)
I-Metformin inokubangela ukusilela kwe-B12 , inkathazo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"anemia ephazamisayo" kwaye ingakhokelela ekumonakaliseni komonakalo wegazi. Ubunqongophala beB12 budibaniswe nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwesifo . Iimpawu zokuqala ze-B12 ukusilela zingabandakanya i-anemia, ukukhala kwiindlebe kunye nokudandatheka. Kulabo basebenzise i-metformin, kubalulekile ukuba amazinga akho e-B12 ahlolwe ngoko ke ukungabikho kwe-vitamin kunokuqwalaselwa phambi kokusilela.
Amagama aqhelekileyo
I-Metformin ingahamba ngamagama amaninzi, edidekisa abantu abaninzi. Amagama aqhelekileyo kuMetformin aquka:
- Fortamet
- Glucophage
- Glucophage XR
- Glumetza
- Riomet
I-Metformin inokudibaniswa namanye amayeza e-diabetes. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uthatha ntoni okanye indlela amayeza akho asebenza ngayo kufuneka ucele umboneleli wakho wezempilo:
- I-Actoplus Met (equkethe iMetformin, i-Pioglitazone)
- I-Avandamet (equkethe i-Metformin, i-Rosiglitazone)
- I-Glucovance (equkethe iMetformin, iGlyburide)
- I-Invokamet (equkethe iMetformin HCl / Canagliflozin)
- IJanumet (equkethe iMetformin, iSagagliptin)
- IJanumet XR (equkethe iMetformin, iSagagliptin)
- Jentadueto (equkethe iMetformin, iLinagliptin)
- Kazano (equkethe iMetformin / Alogliptin)
- I-Kombiglyze XR (equkethe iMetformin, iSaxagliptin)
- I-Metaglip (equkethe iMetformin, i-Glipizide)
- Prandimet (equkethe iMetformin, Repaglinide)
- I-Synjardi (equkethe iMetformin, Jardiance)
- Xi Guo XR ( equkethe iMetformin HCl, iDapagliflozin)
ILizwi
I-Metformin yinto ekhethekileyo yamachiza kubantu abanentsholongwane yesifo sikashukela kwaye iyanconywa njengamachiza akhethwayo aqala ngexesha lokuxilongwa kwabo abangenayo nayiphi na ingqinano (izizathu zokungazisebenzisi iziyobisi.) Ngokusekelwe kwindlela yokusebenza ngayo ayinakusebenza kubantu abanomdla wesifo sikashukela. I-Metformin isebenza ekunciphiseni ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela zokwenza. Ngokuchasene nemithi enesifo sikashukela, ayifaki ukuzuza ubunzima kwaye ayinayo impembelelo ecaleni ye- hypoglycemia , enokuba yinto enzulu kakhulu.
Iziphumo ezinjenge-diarrhea kunye negesi ziqhelekileyo xa ziqala iyeza, kodwa ziyakuthi zinciphise ngokubeka ngokuthe ngqo i-dose phezulu kwixesha elide. Izinto ezincinci kodwa eziqhelekileyo zingabandakanya i-lactic acidosis kunye ne-B12. Ukukwazi ukuba iimpawu ze-lactic acidosis kunye nokubeka esweni i-B12 kunokunciphisa iingxaki ezinzulu.
Nangona i-metformin yinto ekhethekileyo ekujongeni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, indlela yokuphila ifana nokutya okunesondlo kunye nokunciphisa ukunyuka kwexabiso (kulabo bakhuluphele kakhulu) ziindlela ezibalulekileyo zokujongana nokunyanzeliswa kwe-insulin kunye nokuphepha kwimiphumo engapheliyo yesifo sikashukela.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Diabetes Association. ImiGangatho yoNonophelo lwezoNyango kwiSifo sikashukela -2017 i-Abridged for Careers Primary Careers.
> Chapman, L., Darling, A., noJ. Brown. Umbutho Phakathi kweMetformin kunye neVithamini B12 Ukusilela kwizilwanyana ezineSifo sesiSwekile: UkuHlola okuSingqinisisiweyo kunye nokuHlola kweMeta. Isifo sikashukela kunye neMetabolism . 2016. 42 (5): 316-327.
> Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: iMac Graw-Hill Education, 2015. Phrinta.
> Lalau, J., Kaibaf, F., Protti, A. et al. I-Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (i-MALA): Ukuya kwiParadigm entsha. Isifo sikashukela, utywala, kunye neMetabolism . 2017 Apr 17. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
> UTomas, I., noBregg. Metformin; Ukuhlaziywa kweMbali kunye nekamva: Ukususela eLilac ukuya kubudeni obude. Isifo sikashukela sesifo . 2017. 18 (): 10-16.