Ukulala ngokugqithiseleyo, iingxaki zokuqwalasela inganceda ukukhupha ingxaki yokulala
Umntwana olele okanye ongenakukhathazeka unesizathu sokukhathazeka. Ixesha elibalulekileyo lophuhliso olulula ukususela ebuntwaneni ukususela ekufikeni kwexesha elivisayo libeka isigaba sempilo yokuphumelela. Oku kuxhomekeke kwingqondo ephumayo neyamukeleyo. Ingxaki ezinjengeenkcukacha ezinjengoko zenzeke kwingqalelo yokungonakali kwengxaki (ADHD) ingaziwayo, kodwa kukho ezinye iingxaki zokulala ezingahle zonakalise amandla omntwana wakho wokufunda.
Ukuxoxwa kwezidakamizwa kuthintela njani abantwana? Kufunyanwa njani kwaye ziphi unyango olukhoyo? Funda kabanzi malunga neenkwenkwezi kunye nendlela engalindelekanga ngayo umntwana wakho.
I-Incidence of Narcolepsy kuLutsha
Nangona idlalwa ngokubanzi phakathi kwabantu abadala, i-narcolepsy inokwenene imithwalo emibili yeziganeko. Ukugqithwa kokuqala kukubonakala kubuntwaneni kunye nentsha, kubonakale kumyinge ophakathi kweminyaka eyi-14.7 (emva koko uphinde uphinde uphinde unyuke kwiminyaka engama-35). Enyanisweni, ngaphezu kwesigamu sabantu abanesigxina sokuxhamla ingxelo baqala ukubonakaliswa kweempawu zabo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-20.
Ubuncinci bokuqala budibaniswa nembali yentsapho yesi sifo. Ukongezelela, iimpawu ezibonakalisa isifo ziba nzima kakhulu kulabo abahlakulela isifo ngaphambili.
Nangona isifo singakhula ngobuncinci, kudla ukulibaziseka ekuxilongweni kweengxowa-mbuso . Iimpawu zinganakunyuswa okanye zichazwe ngokuthe ngqo.
Oku kunokubangela ukulibaziseka ekuqwalaselweni okufanelekileyo kwimeko ephakathi kweminyaka eyi-10.5 emva kokuqala kweempawu.
Iimpawu
Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuqala ezibonisa ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana kubuthongo obukhulu ngokwemini, kubhalwe ngama-65.5 ekhulwini kwiimeko njengempawu zokuqala. Oku kuyinto engavamile phakathi kweengxaki zokulala ebantwaneni.
Ngokungafani nabantu abadala abangase babonakale belele, abantwana banokuba nexhala okanye bacaphuke xa ubuthongo babo buthathaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukulala ngokugqithiseleyo (okanye i-hypersomnolence) kunokuba yingxaki.
Ngaphandle kokulala okugqithiseleyo, kukho ezinye iimpawu eziphathekayo zeengqungquthela . Omnye wabo, u-cataplexy, uhlukile. Abantu abanesifo se-narcolepsy babonisa ukulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwetoni ye-muscle ekuphenduleni imizwa engokomzwelo. Ngokomzekelo, ukumangaliswa kunokubangela ukugquma kwamadolo nokuwa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona le mpawu ingenzeka kuma-60 ekhulwini abantu abanomkhuhlane, abantwana abavami ukuvela nge-cataplexy.
Ezinye iingcamango zibonisa ukuba kunokubakho iingxaki kunye ne-metabolism kubantwana abanesiphelo. I-Metabolism ilawulwa yinxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi- hypothalamus , kunye ne-dysfunction apha idibene ne-narcolepsy. Oku kungabangela abantwana abakhulu kakhulu okanye banomzimba ngokunyuka kwe-mass index index (BMI). Abantwana banako ukufumana ubunzima ekuqalekeni kweempawu zabo zokuhlaselwa.
Abantwana abaneenqanawa bangasifumana ngokufanelekileyo ukuba banezinye iingxaki zokuziphatha okanye zeengqondo. Ukulala ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela iingxaki ngokugxininisa, ukuqwalasela nokufunda.
Oku kunokukhokelela ekuxilongweni kwe-ADHD. Abantwana abane-narcolepsy banokubonakala bexinezelekile, belele, okanye "bacebile." Basenokucinga ukuba banokungabikho kokungabikho kwengxaki yokungena.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuvavanywa ngenyameko ngunyango wezilwanyana, ngokukodwa umntu owaziyo kwiintlungu zokulala, yinyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni i-narcolepsy. Izifundo zokulala ezongezelelweyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga imeko.
Isifundo sokulala esiqhelekileyo sibizwa ngokuba yi- polysomnogram . Xa ucinga ngezidlopheko, kudla ngokubambisana kwabantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8 kunye nolunye uphando oluthiwa ukuhlolwa kwe-latency yokulala (MSLT). Ezi mvavanyo zinokuba luncedo ukulawula ezinye izifo zokulala, kubandakanywa ne-apnea yokulala okanye i-syndrome yokunyakaza kwesigxina.
Baya kuchonga utshintsho kwizakhiwo zokulala, ukutyhila umgca wehla wokulala nokuqalisa ukuhamba kwamehlo okukhawuleza (REM) ukulala.
Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ezingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga abantwana abaneenqanawa. Uviwo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lubonakala luphantsi kakhulu kumanqanaba angabonakaliyo omthunywa weekhemikhali, okanye i-neurotransmitter, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypocretin-1. Ukuvavanywa kwe-anti-leukocyte antigen ye-DQB1-0602 nayo ingenziwa (nakuba le antigen ihlala ikhona kulabo abangenayo isifo, okwenza kube luncedo kakhulu).
Izinyango Zonyango
Njengabadala abanesifo seengqungquthela, ukhetho lwezonyango kubantwana abanezintshukumo ziquka ukuvuselela ukunciphisa ubuthongo bemini kunye neentengiso ezifuna ukuphazamisa ukulala kwe-REM.
Ukuvuselela imithi, kuquka i-amphetamine-based based medication efana ne-modafinil (ithengiswa phantsi kwegama elithi brand Provigil), isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuthongo obuninzi obusasa emini obonakalisa i-narcolepsy kubantwana.
Ukongezelela, kunokunceda ukunqanda ukubuthwa kwe-REM ngamachiza, njenge-seleotonin e-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kunye ne-tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Njengoko i-narcolepsy ekugqibeleni ibonakala ingenxa yenkinga yokulawula amazwe okulala, oku kubangela ukulala kwe-REM ngokungenakulungeleka ukuvuka, la mayeza anceda. Ezi zonyango zigcinwe kumaxesha xa ezinye iinkalo ze-narcolepsy zikhona, kubandakanywa ne-cataplexy, i-hallucinations, nokulala nokulala.
Ekugqibeleni, i- sodium oxbate (ithengiswa njenge-Xyrem) ifumaneke ngokuthobekileyo ekunciphiseni ubuthongo obuninzi obusasa emini kunye ne-cataplexy kubantwana.
Ukuba unomdla wokuba umntwana wakho abe nobuthongo obunzima kakhulu emini kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nazo ezichasene nezidlopheko, ungaqala ngokuthetha nodokotela wezilwanyana malunga neengxaki zakho. Ukuvavanywa okuqhubekayo kunokucwangciswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-narcolepsy ingayenza ingxaki yakho, enokuthintela ukulibaziseka ukuxilongwa nokunceda umntwana wakho ngeli xesha eliphambili lophuhliso.
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