Ukulala ukukhubazeka , okanye "i-hag endala" njengamaxesha athile abizwa ngokuba ngamaxesha amaninzi, kodwa kunokusasaza kakhulu ukuba awukwazi ukuba yintoni. Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu ezivakalayo zokulala nokukhubazeka? Funda malunga nempawu zalo kunye nendlela ukungakwazi ukuhamba ngayo, ukucinga, kunye nokwesaba kwenzeka xa ukuguquka phakathi kokulala kwe-REM nokuzaliswa kwephupha kuphuka.
Ukuchaza imeko
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukulala nokukhubazeka kubonisa ntoni. Ngendlela elula, ukulala nokukhubazeka kukukho okanye ukuphikelela kweempawu zokuhamba kwamehlo okukhawuleza (REM) ukulala ngexesha lokutshintshwa okanye ukulala. Kungenzeka xa uqala ukulala ( hypnagogic ) okanye xa uvuka (hypnopompic). Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwenzeka kuma-20 ekhulwini abantu abaphilileyo. Uninzi lwabantu lubona ukulala nokulala, kodwa kuya kwenzeka nangeminye impawu njengenxalenye yeengxaki zokuxhamla .
Ngethuba le-REM, ingqondo yakho isebenza kwaye unokucinga ngokucacileyo izinto, izandi kunye nezinye iimvakalelo njengenxalenye yephupha. Usenokuba noyiko, njengokuba wawuya kwimeko ebomvu . Ngelo xesha, umzimba wakho ukhubazekile ukuze ungenzi amaphupha akho (oku kuthiwa i-muscular atonia). Xa ezi zinto zenzeka ngexesha lokuvuka, uya kuba namava okulala.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu
Ukulala ukukhubazeka kudla ngokubonakalisa ukungakwazi ukuhamba okanye ukuthetha ngexesha lokuguquka kokulala. Ingathatha imizuzu emininzi. Ngokubanzi, ukukwazi ukuhambisa amehlo akho kugcinwa. Abanye abantu bazama ukumemeza okanye bacele uncedo, kodwa oku kungabonakalisa nje kuphela nje ngokuba ngumsebenzi othobekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, unokwazi kuphela ukukrazula, ukukrama, ukuxubha, ukububula, okanye ukugubha.
Abantu abaninzi banomdla wokugubha okanye ukuphefumula ngexesha lokukhubazeka kokulala, okubhekiselele kwiimfumba ezincinci ezisebenzayo ukunceda ukuphefumula. Ngexesha lokulala kwe-REM, i-diaphragm isebenza njengengxuma ekuncedeni ukuba uphephe imiphunga yakho kwaye uphefumule, kodwa ezimbalwa kwezinye iimbumba zengxowankulu (njengentambo yokuqhuba) iphefumula. Abanye abantu bafumana oku njengengcinezelo yesifuba okanye njengokuthi umntu umi okanye uhleli esifuba sakhe.
Inqanaba lokwazisa ngexesha lokukhubazeka kokulala lihluka. Abanye abantu bafuna ukuba bavuke baze baqaphele iindawo ezikuzo, ngelixa abanye bachaza ulwazi oluthile. Ngexesha elide, abantu banokuba namava ngaphandle komzimba, inkolelo yokuba bangaphandle kwemizimba yabo, efana nesantya phezu kwebhedi kwaye bezijonga.
Indima ye-Hallucinations
Iingcamango ezinokuthi zibe yinxalenye yamava. Ngamanye amagama, ubona amava kwinto engekho. Kufana nawe uphupha ngelixa uvuka. Ngokubanzi, iingcamango ezihambisana nokukhubazeka kokulala zidibene ngokwahlukileyo ezine: iimbonakaliso ezibonakalayo, ezibucayiweyo, ezinobungqina, kunye namava.
I-Visual Hallucinations
Amava okubonakalayo anokuba yinto enzulu. Abantu abaninzi babika ukubona ubukho bomntu, odla ngokuchazwa njengomfanekiso omnyama, isithunzi, okanye umoya. Eli nani lingase lime kwicala lokulala, nje kwiphondo lombono wakho. Abanye abantu babika ukubona abantu abaninzi kwigumbi. Abanye babika ukuba babona ukukhanya, imibala ekhanyayo, okanye izibane. Ngamanye amaxesha i-hallucination ebonakalayo ingaba yinto ecacileyo. Ngokomzekelo, abanye baye babika ukubona isandla esingaphambeneyo, i-gargoyle, bugs, okanye ikati. Kwezinye iimeko, imibono ayicacile, ichazwa njengento ephoqelekileyo okanye ephazamisekileyo okanye nje ngokuba neengcinga ukuba izinto ezigumbini ziyahamba.
Iincwadi zokuHlola
Ngokufanayo, amava okucoca ngokucokisekileyo ekuphumeni kokukhubazeka angakwazi ukuvela kwi-routine ibe yinto emangalisayo. Abantu abaninzi bakuva imisindo eyahlukahlukeneyo. Kuqhelekileyo ukuba abantu bakuve amazwi. Ulwimi osetyenziswayo lunokubonakala luvela ngaphandle. Kube nokubona ukuhlekisana, ukumemeza nokuhleka. Phantse ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuvakala okukhulu okanye isandi esicacileyo sichazwa, kufana nesandi senomathotholo esisekho kodwa asizange sijonge kwisitishi. Abanye abantu bakuva ukuphefumula, ukunyathela, ukubetha, okanye isandi sokukhala. Kwanesandi esingaqhelekanga njengengqwelana yehashe okanye ukukhwaza kungabonwa. Ngamanye amaxesha izivakala ezivakalayo ngexesha lokukhubazeka ukulala zizinto ezingaqhelekanga, kunzima ukuzibonakalisa okanye ukukhunjulwa kakuhle.
Tactile Hallucinations
Esinye seziganeko eziqhekezayo zokukhubazeka ukulala yindawo yokuchukumisa i-hallucination, amava okuchaphazelekayo xa ungekho. Abantu abaninzi bachaza uxinzelelo okanye abaqhagamshelana nabo, bavame ukubonakala ngathi into ethile (okanye umntu) ubambelele. Abanye abantu abanesifo sokukhubazeka baphawula ukubetha, ukuphazamiseka, okanye ukuvakalelwa. Abanye bachaza indlela ejikelezayo, indizayo okanye iwa. Abantu abambalwa bavakalisa ukuba baziva besicwebekile okanye banda. Ngaphantsi kancinci, kunokuhle kube nombono wokuthi uhanjiswe okanye ukhutshwe kwi-bed yakho. Abanye abantu baxela uxhaso lwezesondo, kuquka ukuvalelwa ngokomzimba okubandakanya i-genitalia okanye idlwengulo. Amanye amava asemzimbeni anikwe ingxelo kwakhona, kuquka umqondo wokulunywa, izimbungulu zikhwela esikhumbeni, ukuphefumla entlebeni, okanye ukungaveki komsindo wokumomotheka.
IHluccination Olfactory
I-hallucination encinci ebhedlele ekuphumeni kokukhubazeka yinto enobungozi, ephathelele ukuva kwakho. Nje ngezinye iindidi ze-hallucinations, unokucinga ngolo hlobo lwezinto ezicatshangelwayo ezinokuthi uzive.
I-Emotional and Fear Component of Sleep Paralysis
Ngaphandle kwamava achazwe ngasentla, enye yezona zinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezihlalayo zokukhubazeka ukulala ziyinxalenye yomzwelo. Kwabaninzi, amava okukhubazeka ubuthongo obushushu. Ubunzima obubonakalayo obumnyama ekamelweni bubonakala bububi, enenjongo yokwenzakalisa ingozi. Umphambukeli omi phezu kwakho okanye ehleli phezulu phezu kwakho akukho nto.
Ubuninzi babantu abafumana ukulala nokukhubazeka balichaza njengento eyoyikisayo (esabisayo, esesabisayo, esesabisayo, esesabisayo, njl.). Oku kudla ngokudibanisa ne-hallucination of presence of strangers. Abanye abantu banomdla wecala elizayo, oku kuthetha ukuba banomvakalelo oyingozi okanye ukufa kuya kubakho kubo. Xa unokuqala, unokuvakalelwa ngathi unayo isifo sokubethwa kunye nesifo esivalelwe kwisifo okanye ukuba ufile.
Abaninzi bachaza indlela yonke into ebonakalayo xa ivela. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantu basebenzise amagama athi "abaqinileyo" kunye "abangaqhelekanga" ukuchaza amava abo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezichazi ezisetyenziswe ngabantu ukuba zifingqa ubuthongo babo bokulala, ezibandakanya ukungenakunceda, ukukrakra, ukukhathazeka, ukuthukuthela nokunyaniseka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu banokuthuthuzelwa ngamava.
Ngokuqonda okungcono impawu eziqhelekileyo zokulala nokukhubazeka, unokukwazi ukuthuthuzela ukwazi oko kwenzekayo kuwe. Kwabanye abantu, oku kunele ukunyamezela ezi zihlandlo ezingapheliyo. Kwabanye, olu lwazi lunokunceda ekupheliseni iziphumo zokukhubazeka kokulala . Kwabo bafumana ezi ziqulatho ngokugqithiseleyo, ukhetho olusebenzayo lunokufumaneka.
ILizwi
Ukulala nokukhubazeka kungenzeka ngokungaqhelekanga. Xa sele iqondwe, inokulibalelwa. Ukuba ihlala iqhubeka, cinga iindlela zokuphucula ukulala kwakho. Qinisekisa ukuba ulala ngokwaneleyo nomzekelo wokulala. Gwema utywala ngeeyure ngaphambi kokulala. Kusenokuba luncedo ukuzama ukulala emacaleni akho kunokwenzeka. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokufunda isifundo sokulala ukuze kubonwe ezinye izizathu zokuqhekeka kokulala, ezifana nokuphalaza kokulala. Ukuba udinga uncedo, qwalasela ukubonisana kunye nodokotela olala ngokuqinisekileyo ebhodini ukuhlola iingxaki.
Imithombo:
Kryger, MH et al . "Imigaqo kunye nokuSebenza kweMithi yokulala." I-ExpertConsult , i-6th edition, 2017.
Morton, K. "Ukhubazekile ebusuku: Ngaba ukulala ngokukhubazeka okuqhelekileyo?" Sleep & Dreams zaseStanford. 2010.
Spanos, NP et al . "Ixesha kunye ne-correlates yokukhubazeka kokulala kwi-isampuli yunivesithi." J Res Pers . 1995; 29: 285-305.
Takeuchi, T et al . "Izinto ezinxulumene nokuvela kwindlala yokulala yokulala efunyenwe ngexesha lexesha lokulala." Ukulala ngo- 2002; 25: 89-96.