Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezahlukileyo ezibonisa u-autism. Abantwana abanegunya bayaba nobunzima ekusebenzisaneni koluntu, iingxaki ngokuthetha ngokuthetha ngomlomo nangengabonakaliyo , kunye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo okanye okuncinci, okuthandayo. Ezi ziphatha ziyakwazi ukuthatha impembelelo ukusuka kumnene ukuya kukhubaza.
Ukuxhatshazwa kweNtlalontle
Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-autism luyintlupheko yokusebenzisana nentlalo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo abazali baqala ukubona iimpawu ze-autism kumntwana wabo. Ukususela kwasebuntwaneni, umntwana ophethe i-autism ayengayithobeli abantu okanye ugxininise ngento ethile ekukhutsheni abanye ixesha elide. Umntwana one-autism angabonakala ephuhliswa ngokuqhelekileyo aze ahoxise aze angabi namdla ekubandakanyekeni kwentlalontle.
Abantwana abane-autism bangaphumeleli ukuphendula egameni labo kwaye bavame ukuphepha ukunxibelelana kwamehlo nabanye abantu. Banobunzima ukutolika oko abanye bacinga okanye bavakalelwa ngenxa yokuba abanakuqonda iingcamango zoluntu, njengelizwi lezwi okanye ubuso, kwaye musa ukubukela ubuso bombuso wabantu ngenxa yeendlela zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo. Abanalo uvelwano.
Uhambo oluphindaphindiweyo
Abantwana abaninzi abane-autism baqhuba ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiweyo njengokugubungela nokukhwaza, okanye ukuziphatha kakubi njengento yokubetha okanye ukukhwaza kwentloko. Baye bathambe ukuqala ukuthetha kamva kunabanye abantwana kwaye banokuzibiza ngegama esikhundleni sokuba "mna" okanye "mna". Abantwana abane-autism abazi indlela yokudlala kunye nabanye abantwana.
Abanye bathetha ngoma-ingoma yezwi malunga neengcambu ezincinci zezihloko ezizithandayo, ngokungaboni kakuhle iimfuno zomntu abathethileyo kuye.
Ukuqonda ukuThuthukiswa koMoya
Abantwana abaninzi abane-autism banomncinci wokuvalelwa kwintlungu kodwa bengabonakali ngokungaqhelekanga kwisandi, ukuchukumisa, okanye olunye uvuselelo lwentliziyo.
Ezi mpawu ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangela ukuba iimpawu zokuziphatha ezifana nokuchasana nokukhwabanisa okanye ukuxutywa.
Abantwana abane-autism babonakala benomngcipheko ophezulu kuneemeko ezithile ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa ne-X syndrome engumngqimba (ebangela ukulibala kwengqondo), isifo se-tuberous sclerosis (apho izilonda zikhula khona engqondweni), ukuxhwaleka kwesisu, i-Tourette syndrome, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, kunye nokukhathazeka kweengxaki. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaqondakaliyo, malunga ne-20 ukuya kwe-30 ekhulwini yabantwana abane-autism bahlaselwa xa bekhula. Nangona abantu abane-schizophrenia bangabonisa ukuziphatha okufana ne-autistic-like, izibonakaliso zabo azibonakali kude kube sekupheleni kweminyaka engama-20 okanye ekudala. Uninzi lwabantu abane-schizophrenia nabo baneengcinga kunye neengcamango, ezingekho kwi-autism.
Izaliswe kwi- NIH Autism Fact Sheet .