Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-ultrasound yinto yokuhlola engekho intshayelelo esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-thrombosis eneengcambu ezinzulu (DVT) , imeko apho i-clot yegazi iyenze kwiimvini ezinzulu zomlenze. Ukugqithisa i-ultrasound inamathuba athile ngaphezu kweminye imvavanyo yokuxilongwa kwi-DVT - ingaba lula kumaziko amaninzi, inika iziphumo ezichanekileyo, kwaye kukho umngcipheko omncinci.
Kubaluleka kweDVT
I-thrombosis yomlenze womlenze ibangela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukukhusela igazi ukubuyela ngokulula entliziyweni. Ngenxa yoko, i-DVT ivame ukuvelisa ukuxuba igazi emlenzeni, ukuvelisa intlungu, ubomvu nokuvuvukala. Ezi zimpawu zingaba zihlala zingapheliyo ukuba i-DVT ayiphathwe ngokwaneleyo.
Okona kubaluleke ngakumbi, i-clot yegazi kumlenze wesigxina ungashenxisa kwaye uhambe uye kumaphaphu, ngaloo ndlela ubangele i-pulmonary embolus. I- pulmonary embolus - eqikelelwa ukuba yenzeke phakathi kwe-10% kunye no-50% yabantu abane-DVT - yimeko enzulu kakhulu enokuvelisa i- dyspnea enamandla (ukuphefumula okufutshane), ukungazinzi kwenhliziyo kunye nokufa.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuba i-DVT iyakrokreleka kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo ngokukhawuleza. Uphulo lwangokokuqala kunye neziyobisi ze-antiticoagulant zibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni i-pulmonary embolus, okanye (ukuba sele sele ikhona) ukukhusela enye i-pulmonary embolus.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-Ultrasound
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuxilongwa ngokuqinisekileyo kwe-DVT kuyadingeka ukwenza i-venogram. Nge-hormogram, idayi ijojowe emlanjeni womlenze, kwaye imifanekiso ye-x-ray yenziwe ngombala ogeleza kwiimvini ukuya ngasentliziyweni. Imingcipheko emininzi kwimithwalo yomlenze ingabonwa. Olu vavanyo oluyingozi lunokuba lubuhlungu, ixesha elidlulayo, kwaye luquka iingozi ezithile, ezifana nomngcipheko wokusuleleka.
Kwamanye amaziko, uvavanyo olungenakuvuthwa olubizwa ngokuthi impedance plethysmography lisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga iDVT. Nangona lo vavanyo luthembekile, izibhedlele ezininzi azikwazi ukuba nezixhobo okanye ubuchule obufumaneka lula ukuba kwenziwe olu vavanyo ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubugcisa be-ultrasound buye buqinisekiswa njengeendlela ezikhawulezayo, ezikhuselekile, ezingenabuhlungu, ezinokuthenjwa nezingenakuvakalayo zokufumanisa i-DVT. Kwamaziko amaninzi uye wanyusa i-venograms kunye ne-impedance plethysmography njengolu vavanyo lwe-diagnostic ye-DVT.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-ultrasound yindlela eyahlukileyo yokusetyenziswa kwezokwelapha (ultrasound technique) (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"echo" test). apho amagagasi omsindo asetyenziselwa kwiisishu ngokusebenzisa iphenyi ebekwe elukhumbeni, kunye nomfanekiso weethambo phantsi kweprobethi yakhiwa ngamaza omsindo abuyelayo. Ngenxa yokuba izixhobo zokunciphisa i-ultrasound zifumaneka ngokulula kuzo zonke izibhedlele zanamhlanje, kwaye ngenxa yokuba isakhono sokwenza oku kulula ukuba sifunde, ukunyanzelisa i-ultrasound kuye kwaba yindlela yokuhamba kuyo kumaziko amaninzi ekufumaneni i-DVT.
Ukwenza i-compress ultrasound, iprobethi ye-ultrasound ifakwe phezu kwesohlwayo lesigxina ukuvelisa umfanekiso we-ultrasound we-vein. Umqhubi uzama ukunyanzelisa i-vein ngokuyiqhubela phambili nge projey ultrasound.
Iimvumba ziqheleke kakhulu kakhulu; oko kukuthi, iimvini zingaphelelwa okwethutyana ngokufaka uxinzelelo kubo. Kwaye kulula ukucinga ngolu hlobo lwe-vein nge ultrasound.
Kodwa ukuba i-DVT ikhoyo, ubukho be-clot yegazi kwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuxinzelela imvini. Xa i-vein ingenakulinganiswa, oko kuyisibonakaliso esinokwethenjelwa sokuba i-DVT ikhoyo. Inkqubo ye-ultrasound ingasetyenziselwa ukuzama ukubona ngeso lengqondo, kwaye ukuvavanya ukugeleza kwegazi kwi-vein ukuze ubone ukuba ukuphazamiseka kubonakala. Nangona kunjalo, ukungaqiniseki kweso sifo kukubaluleke kakhulu kwisifundo ekufumaneni i-DVT.
Kuhlolisiso oluqhelekileyo ukujonga i-DVT, ukuqinisekiswa kwesisu kuvivinywa kwiindawo ezimbini - umfula wesifazane (kwindawo yokuhluma) kunye nemvini ye-popliteal (emva kwegolo). Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba, usebenzisa le ndlela yokunciphisa i-2-point, i-DVT ingafumaneka ngokuchanekileyo ngaphezu kwe-90% yexesha.
Ngenxa yokuba inokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza malunga nasiphi na isibhedlele esibhedlele, kuba sinika iziphumo ezichanekileyo, kwaye ngenxa yokuba akukho miphumo echaphazelekayo, ukunyanzelisa i-ultrasound kuye kwaba yolu vavanyo lwolu vavanyo kumaziko amaninzi ekufumaneni i-DVT.
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